Communities in Disaster: A Sociological Analysis of Collective Stress Situations

activities agencies analysis Arkansas tornado aster Barton Beecher blame the victims bombing cent Civil Defense collective stress competence contact with victims coordinating created damage dependents deprivation Perc disaster situation disaster studies economic effective emergency social system fire flood Form and Nosow formal organizations ganizations Halifax explosion Hiroshima hospitals Hurricane Audrey Ibid impact area injured interviews Irish Irish famine Judsonia large number large-scale less loss Marks and Fritz mass assault mass behavior mass media mechanisms motivation munity National normal norms number of victims Perc Av.d Perc Nd personnel plans polder police population primary group problems propositions psychological Red Cross relationships relief rescue response role conflict Salvation Army six hours skills society sociological sudden suffering sympathetic identification Table theory therapeutic community tion types unskilled variables volunteers Waco Waco tornado Worcester tornado workers World War II