Helium Three: An Inaugural Lecture

32 mm diameter A-point absolute zero absorption American Physical Society anisotropic argon attenuation boson Broglie wavelength CASTLE CARY classical crystal classical volume cm³ condensation diameter spheres Einstein energy gap experiments Fermi sphere Fermi surface Fermi temperature fermions Figure frequency heat capacity helium atoms helium crystal helium liquids helium three hydrogen molecule isotope J. C. Wheatley Landau Landau's theory lattice energy layers Lennard-Jones potential linear region liquid ³He longitudinal zero sound macroscopic quantum magnetic susceptibility mass measured melting curve molar volume momentum space motion Néel temperature neutrons nuclear nuclei orbiting electrons oscillation Osheroff particles phase transition Phases of Liquid polystyrene spheres Pomeranchuk cooling POTENTIAL ENERGY predicted properties proton QUANTUM CRYSTALS quantum fluids quantum gases quasi-particles Society from Phys solid ³He solid helium sound velocity superfluid transition temperature transverse zero sound tritium vapour pressure viscosity Waals width kT zero point energy zero point vibrational zero sound mode