Early Hominid Activities at OlduvaiAldineTransaction - Всего страниц: 396 The earliest sites at Olduvai Gorge in Tanzania are among the best documented and most important for studies of human evolution. This book investigates the behavior of hominids at Olduvai using data of stone tools and animal bones, as well as the results of work in taphonomy (how animals become fossils), the behavior of mammals, and a wide range of ecological theory and data. By illustrating the ways in which modern and prehistoric evidence is used in making interpretations, the author guides the reader through the geological, ecological, and archeological areas involved in the study of humans. Based on his study of the Olduvai excavations, animal life, and stone tools, the author carefully examines conventional views and proposals about the early Olduvai sites. First, the evidence of site geology, tool cut marks, and other clues to the formation of the Olduvai sites are explored. On this basis, the large mammal communities in which early hominids lived are investigated, using methods which compare sites produced mainly by hominids with others made by carnivores. Questions about hominid hunting, scavenging, and the importance of eating meat are then scrutinized. The leading alternative positions on each issue are discussed, providing a basis for understanding some of the most contentious debates in paleo-anthropology today. The dominant interpretive model for the artifact and bone accumulations at Olduvai and other Plio-Pleistocene sites has been that they represent "home bases," social foci similar to the campsites of hunter-gatherers. Based on paleo-ecological evidence and ecological models, the author critically analyzes the home base interpretation and proposes alternative views. A new view of the Olduvai sitesâ that they represent stone caches where hominids processed carcasses for foodâ is shown to have important implications for our understanding of hominid social behavior and evolution. |
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... carnivores , interacted with hom- inids and with the artifacts they happened to leave on successive land- scapes . Sedimentation and burial are obviously paramount in the pres- ervation of any information about hominids and the ...
... carnivores to these sites pro- hibited their use by hominids as the primary areas of social activity , that is , as home bases in the modern hunter - gatherer sense . Although this idea is less specific about the nature of hominid ...
... carnivores b . Activity of avian scavengers c . Effects of insects , bacteria , and weathering 3. Accumulation of bones by animals , especially porcupines , hyenas , leopards a . Use of site as bone accumulation area b . Modification of ...
... hominids and natural accumulations of bones on the landscape , or to discern bone damage inflicted by hominids from that produced by carnivores , each of these processes must leave dis- tinctive , identifiable traces . Numerous studies ...
... carnivores , and primates — including hominids— occurred in Level 3 , but none of the very large mammals was present . As is typical of the excavated areas at Olduvai originally interpreted as " occupation sites , " FLKNN - 3 contained ...
Содержание
3 | |
15 | |
Physical Agents of Concentration | 57 |
Behavioral Agents of Bone Accumulation | 81 |
Paleocommunities and Environments of Olduvai | 153 |
Obtaining Resources and Accumulating Debris | 203 |
A Prelude to Home Bases | 249 |
Conclusion | 297 |
Bibliography | 313 |
Site DK | 333 |
Site FLKNN3 | 351 |
Site FLK22 | 369 |
Index | 390 |
Другие издания - Просмотреть все
Early Hominid Activities at Olduvai: Foundations of Human Behaviour Richard Potts Ограниченный просмотр - 2017 |
Early Hominid Activities at Olduvai: Foundations of Human Behaviour Richard Potts Ограниченный просмотр - 2017 |