Non-Equilibrium Entropy and IrreversibilitySpringer Science & Business Media, 30 нояб. 2001 г. - Всего страниц: 166 The problem of deriving irreversible thermodynamics from the re versible microscopic dynamics has been on the agenda of theoreti cal physics for a century and has produced more papers than can be digested by any single scientist. Why add to this too long list with yet another work? The goal is definitely not to give a gen eral review of previous work in this field. My ambition is rather to present an approach differing in some key aspects from the stan dard treatments, and to develop it as far as possible using rather simple mathematical tools (mainly inequalities of various kinds). However, in the course of this work I have used a large number of results and ideas from the existing literature, and the reference list contains contributions from many different lines of research. As a consequence the reader may find the arguments a bit difficult to follow without some previous exposure to this set of problems. |
Содержание
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY | 1 |
CHAPTER 2 DYNAMICS AND WORK | 10 |
CHAPTER 3 INFORMATION ENTROPY | 20 |
3b Gibbs states | 23 |
3c Entropyincreasing processes | 27 |
CHAPTER 4 HEAT BATHS | 32 |
CHAPTER 5 REVERSIBLE PROCESSES | 39 |
CHAPTER 6 CLOSED FINITE SYSTEMS | 44 |
CHAPTER 10 THERMODYNAMIC ENTROPY | 95 |
10b Properties of the entropy functions | 98 |
10c Irreversibility and approach to equilibrium | 105 |
CHAPTER 11 MEASUREMENTS ENTROPY AND WORK | 110 |
11b Information and entropy | 113 |
11c Exchange of work and heat | 118 |
CHAPTER 12 OTHER APPROACHES | 123 |
APPENDIX A QUANTUM MARKOV PROCESSES | 133 |
6b Recurrences | 47 |
6c Entropy functions | 53 |
CHAPTER 7 OPEN SYSTEMS | 59 |
7b Available work and entropy | 62 |
7c Master equation models | 65 |
CHAPTER 8 EXTERNAL PERTURBATIONS | 72 |
8b Classical systems | 74 |
8c Quantum systems | 79 |
8d Effects on the entropy functions | 84 |
CHAPTER 9 THERMODYNAMIC LIMIT | 89 |
A2 Markov processes | 136 |
A3 Nonpassivity of Markov processes | 140 |
A4 NonKMS property of Markov processes | 143 |
A5 Quantum thermal fluctuations | 148 |
APPENDIX B SENSITIVITY OF HYPERBOLIC MOTION | 150 |
| 156 | |
NOTATION INDEX | 163 |
| 165 | |
Часто встречающиеся слова и выражения
Appendix assumed assumption asymptotic behaviour bound Carnot cycles Chapter classical systems closed system concept Consequently consider constant correlation function corresponding coupling defined definition depend described dissipative dynamical maps energy exchange energy levels energy transfer entropy functions entropy increase equality holds evolution exponential external fields external perturbations finite system fluctuations follows Gibbs give given H-theorem H₁ H₂ Hamiltonian systems heat baths Hence I-entropy inequality infimum infinite initial interaction interval irreversibility isentropic processes K-mixing macroscopic Markov description Markov processes Markov property master equation Math measurement mobility semigroup motion namics non-decrease non-equilibrium notation observations obtained open system optimal work cycle origin H P-processes P₁ P₂ parameter passivity Phys physical possible present formalism problem reduced dynamics relation reservoir restriction reversible processes S₁ S₁(p S₂ satisfy semigroup spin statistical mechanics stochastic process T₁ temperature thermodynamic entropy thermodynamic limit time-dependent tion unitary unperturbed Y₁
Ссылки на эту книгу
The Quantum Theory of Measurement Paul Busch,Pekka J. Lahti,Peter Mittelstaedt Ограниченный просмотр - 1996 |