The Comparative Roles of Suspension-Feeders in Ecosystems: Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on The Comparative Roles of Suspension-Feeders in Ecosystems, Nida, Lithuania, 4-9 October 2003Richard F. Dame, Sergej Olenin Springer Science & Business Media, 30 мар. 2006 г. - Всего страниц: 360 Animals are a major link between the water column (pelagic) and the bottom (benthic) habitats in most shallow systems. This coupling is dominated by active processes such as suspension-feeding in which the organism actively uses energy to pump water that is then filtered to remove suspended particles that are consumed while undigested remains are deposited on the bottom. As a result of this feeding on and metabolism of particles, the animals excrete dissolved inorganic and organic waste back into the water column, and thus, become major components in the cycling and feedback of essential elements. With relatively high weight specific filtration rates of 1— 10 liters/hour/gram dry tissue and a propensity to form large aggregated populations (beds, reefs, schools and swarms), these organisms can play an important role in regulating water column processes Although estuarine bivalve molluscs such as oysters and mussels dominate the suspension-feeder literature, other groups including plankton and nekton that are found in estuarine as well as other aquatic systems are also potentially important removers of suspended particles. Thus, a significant part of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop focused on suspension-feeders as controllers of plankton abundance, biomass and diversity, system metabolism, nutrient cycling and scale dependency. Systems dominated by suspension-feeders are typically impacted by human activities including recreation, aquaculture, human and industrial pollution, and bilge water from shipping. Suspension-feeders are often impacted by fisheries and over-exploitation. These impacts commonly result in changes in ecosystem structure either through the food chain concentration of harmful substances or diseases, the introduction of alien species of suspension-feeders, or the instability of suspension-feeders systems through species displacement or phase shifts in the dominance between different suspension-feeding components such as nekton or zooplankton. These issues were addressed near the close of the workshop along with conclusions and syntheses developed by the working groups. |
Содержание
Field measurements on the variability in biodeposition and estimates of grazing | 11 |
Contrasting distribution and impacts of two freshwater exotic suspension feeders | 14 |
Can bivalve suspensionfeeders affect pelagic food web structure? | 30 |
Motile suspensionfeeders in estuarine and marine ecosystems | 53 |
patterns | 72 |
Influence of eastern oysters on nitrogen and phosphorus regeneration in Chesapeake | 93 |
How does estimation of environmental carrying capacity for bivalve culture depend | 121 |
Impact of increased mineral particle concentration on behavior suspension feeding | 137 |
Bivalves as biofilters and valuable byproducts in landbased aquaculture systems | 183 |
Significance of suspensionfeeder systems on different spatial scales | 198 |
variations along the regional environmental | 221 |
Functional changes in benthic freshwater communities after Dreissena polymorpha | 263 |
Does the introduction of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas lead to species shifts | 277 |
phytoplankton and benthic community | 290 |
Development of human impact on suspensionfeeding bivalves in coastal softbottom | 317 |
Oyster reefs as complex ecological systems | 331 |
Suspensionfeeders as factors influencing water quality in aquatic ecosystems | 147 |
effect of feeding behaviour and pollution in the Gulf | 165 |
SynthesisConclusions | 345 |
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