Facts, Values, and Morality

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Cambridge University Press, 28 сент. 1996 г. - Всего страниц: 319
Richard Brandt is one of the most influential moral philosophers of the second half of the twentieth century. He is especially important in the field of ethics for his lucid and systematic exposition of utilitarianism. This new book represents in some ways a summation of his views and includes many useful applications of his theory. The focus of the book is how value judgments and moral belief can be justified. More generally, the book assesses different moral systems and theories of justice, and considers specific problems such as the optimal level of charity and the moral tenability of the criminal law.
 

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Introduction
1
What is good in itself and the theory of motivation
12
WANTS AND DECISIONS
14
THE SOURCES OF DESIRES AND AVERSIONS
21
THE VARIATION OF VALUES
33
DESIRE SATISFACTION OR ENJOYMENT
35
THE APPRAISAL OF DESIRES AND ENJOYMENTS
49
CONCLUSIONS ABOUT WHAT IS INTRINSICALLY DESIRABLE
60
CONTRACTUALISM
159
Neonaturalism
164
THE COHERENCE EPISTEMOLOGY
167
CRITICISM OF ANTIREALIST POSITIONS
183
NEONATURALISM BASED ON PSYCHOLOGY AND SOCIAL HISTORY
189
Utilitarianism and distributive justice
199
Morally required charitable giving?
222
Conscienceutilitarianism and the criminal law
237

The varieties of norms for behavior
61
THE NATURE OF MORALITY
66
THE SOURCES OF MORALITY
72
The justification of moral statements
96
UNIVERSAL REQUIREMENTS FOR JUSTIFICATION OF JUDGMENTS OF PARTICULAR CASES
110
JUSTIFICATION OF MORAL PRINCIPLES OR ABSTRACT SYSTEMS
113
Optimal social moralities
123
THE SPECIFIC CONTENT OF AN OPTIMAL MORAL SYSTEM
142
WHAT AN INDIRECT UTILITARIANISM WILL RECOMMEND
145
THE PLACE OF MORAL RIGHTS
156
THE STATUTES ON CRIME AND PUNISHMENT
247
LEGAL JUSTIFICATIONS
259
LEGAL EXCUSES
263
Is being moral rational?
282
THE CONCEPT OF SELFINTEREST
283
WHAT IS IT TO ACT MORALLY?
288
THE RATIONALITY OF MORAL MOTIVATION WHERE IT CONFLICTS WITH SELFINTEREST
290
Index
303
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