Who had been chosen deputy governor ? Where did Gov. Winthrop first and? At Salem. In what month? To what place, did he remove in July? Charlestown. How many settlers arrived at Charlestown nearly at the same time? 1500. What distinguished ministers were among these settlers? Mr. Wilson and Mr. Phillips. By what magistrates, was the colony governed? By a governor, deputy governor, and several as sistants. By whom, were these chosen at first? By the patentees in England. By whom, were they chosen after their arrival? The assistants were chosen by the people; the governor and deputy governor, sometimes by the assistants, and sometimes by the people. How often? Once a year. What was the first question decided by the court, after their arrival? How the minister should De maintained. What provision did they make for Mr. Phillips? To build him a house, and give him 30 pounds a In how many vessels? 17. In what town in Ms. were settlements commenced in 1630? Dorchester, Watertown, Boston and Roxbury. In what town, did great sickness and mortality prevail that summer? At Charlestown. What cause was assigned for its being more sickly there than elsewhere? The badness of the water, as they could then find none but what was brackish. To what place, did the Gov. and the principal part of the people of Charlestown soon remove? To Shawmut. On what account? Principally for the sake of an excellent spring of water there. Who informed them of that spring, and invited them over? Mr. William Blackstone. How long had Mr. Blackstone resided in Shawmut? Probably several years. What name was first given to Shawmut, by the English? Trimountain. Why? Principally from respect to Mr. Cotton, a most distinguished minister from Boston in England. What town immediately became the metropolis of Ms. ? Boston. Where is Copt's Hill? At the north end of Boston, near Charlestown bridge. Where is Fort Hill? In the eastern central part of the city, near the principal wharves. Where was Beacon Hill? In the western part of the city, N. E. of the state house. What has become of Beacon Hill? A few years ago, it was dug down, to furnish situations for buildings. How many of Ms. colony died in the year 1630? About 200. How many returned to England? About 100. Why did they return? Partly from fear of famine, and partly from dislike to the civil government. Why did they dislike the government? They thought it too strict in restraining and punishing their excesses. What did Gov. Dudley say of their departure? "Glad were we so to be rid of them." By what, were the people greatly distressed the ensuing winter? Scarcity. What appointment was made on account of this scarcity? Upon what, were many families obliged to subsist? What was substituted for the intended fast? Why? What number came over from England in 1631 ? About 90. How many in 1632? Nearly 250. What greatly discouraged many people in England from coming over in those years? The calamities of those who came over before; the actual return of so many to England; false representations of this country; and above all the wicked machinations of the enemies of Ms. How? By his extreme superstition, outrageous conduct and horrible persecutions, he drove away thousands from England, who found an asylum here. When did Laud become archbishop of Canterbury? In 1633. How long after that, did the tide of emigration continue to flow abundantly from England? For 7 years. Why did it almost entirely cease in 1640? Because the Puritans ceased to be persecuted. Why did the Puritans then cease to be persecuted? The power of Charles and Laud was broken. How? By the spirit of liberty. What became of Laud and Charles I. They were put to death. How many emigrants had then arrived in New England in the whole? About 20,000. In how many ships? About 300. 200,000 At what expense? pounds sterling, How many dollars? Equal to how many dollars now? In what part of New-England, had these emigrants landed? Al most all of them in Ms. Have more emigrated to New 1640? From it. What conduced to promote emi-England, or from it, since the year grations in these years, notwithstanding these obstacles? Oppressions in England. What two causes most conduced to increase these oppressions? The rising power of the queen, and the persecuting spirit of Bishop Laud. Why did the power of the queen have this effect? She was a zealous, active Papist, and her husband was extremely fond of her. I. Who was her husband? Charles Who probably conduced more than any other man, to promote the settlement of Ms.? Archbishop Laud. CHAPTER XXIX. - p. 49. Settlement of Maryland. Who commenced the first settlement in Md.? William Clayborne. In what year? 1631. How long after the arrival of Winthrop in Ms. ? Where did Clayborne settle? On Kent island. In what year? Proper name of Lord Baltimore? Where is Baltimore, of which Calvert was Baron? In Ireland. For whom was Md. called? Who was her father? Her husband? Charles I. Religion of Lord Baltimore? Roman Catholic. Meaning of Roman Catholic? Whom did Lord Baltimore make governor of his colony? In what year, did Gov. Calvert begin a settlement in Md. ? With how many planters? Where? At St. Mary. Where was St. Mary? On the north side of the Potomac, very near the mouth. By what bay, is Md. divided? On what river, is Baltimore? Into what, does the Petapsco empty? Why did emigrants flock to Md. ? The greatest religious freedom was there enjoyed. What renders this religious freedom peculiarly remarkable? The proprietor, governor and people were Papists. re What may in some measure diminish our wonder at this? The Calverts were subjects of a prince professedly Protestant, had ceived very great favors from him, and might hope to gain some favor for their fellow Catholics in Eng. land. Besides, the Calverts were unquestionably among the most liberal Catholics, that ever lived. For what purpose? To entreat the English to settle in his dominions on Ct. river. What induced him to do this? Fear of the Pequot Indians. Character of the Pequots ? They were the most fierce and dreadful tribe in New England. Why did not Gov. Winthrop attempt to comply with the request of Wahquimicut? The colony of Ms. had been settled so recently, that it was not practicable. How far was the request regarded by the government of Plymouth? The next year, they sent men to Ct. river to make observations. In what year, was the first framed house erected in Ct.? By whom? The Plymotheans.. On which side of Ct. river, is Windsor ? Which way from East Windsor? What river empties into the Ct. at Windsor? Farmington river. How was the English trading house situated in relation to Farmington river? A little below the mouth. Who forbade the Plymotheans to proceed up the Ct.? Where were the Dutch, when they made this prohibition? What did the Dutch threaten to do, if the Plymotheans did not instantly stop? Fire upon them. How was this threat treated? Conduct of the Dutch? They did not presume to fire. Where did the Dutch erect a trading-house very soon after.? At Hartford. To whom, was first given a patent of Ct.? Robert Earl of Warwick. What arrangements were made for settlements in these towns? A number of men were sent on to build log houses, &c. How large was the company of men, women and children, that removed to Ct. in Oct. 1635? About 60. How long were they in perform Western boundary? The Pa-ing the journey? A fortnight. cific. Of what states and territories does it embrace a part? What great lakes? How many times greater is the territory granted by that patent, than the state of Ct. Fifty times. Whence came the first settlers of Ct. From Ms. From what towns? Dorchester, Newtown and Watertown. How long had they resided there? Most of them, from one, to four years. Why did they wish to remove? Principally for the sake of more and better land. To whom, did some of them petition for leave to remove? To the general court of Ms. In what year? 1634. With what success? They were permitted to remove to some other parts of Ms. but not to Ct. What is about the distance from Cambridge to Hartford ?? What number removed to Ct. that year? Probably about 200. Where settled the emigrants from Dorchester? At Windsor. those from Newtown? At Hartford. those from Watertown? At Wethersfield. How did they attempt to transport their furniture and provisions? What became of these? How could the Ct. settlers live without them? They were reduced to extreme distress. How many returned to Ms. in the beginning of winter? Nearly 100. How? Some by land through the wilderness; but the greater part having walked to the mouth of Ct. river, sailed to Boston. What was the condition of those, who kept their stations on the river? On what, did they principally subsist? What became of the cattle, that could not be got over the river? Were not these fathers of Ct. very imprudent to attempt a settlement there, so late in the season? Perhaps not. Had their goods arrived according to their expectation, and had the season been as mild as usual, they might have been carried through the winter, without any trials deserving the historian's notice. Who arrived at Boston in 1635, with a commission as governor of Ct.? Who gave him his commission? For what purpose, did he send 20 men to the mouth of Ct. river? On which side of the river, did they build the fort? The west side. What did they call it? Why? In honor of the two lords, that commissioned him. Who appeared soon after, to take possession of the river? Who prevented the landing of the Dutch? In what year, did Messrs. Hooker and Stone remove to Ct.? Where did they settle? How many settlers came with them? A hundred. How long were they in coming? On what, did they subsist? About 800. + NOTE M. With what crimes, was he charged? Broaching and divulging new and dangerous opinions against the authority of magis trates, and writing letters of def amation both of magistrates and churches.+ Was not this banishment persecution? If it was inflicted in any degree for mere opinion, it was persecution; if for misconduct, it might have been just. What was the fact? He seems to have been banished for declaring and propagating opinions, and for defamation. Meaning of defamation? What was the conduct of Mr. Williams in relation to Ms. after his settlement at Providence? Uniformly kind. What great benefit did Mr. Wil out any retraction: it is therefore ordered, that the said Mr. Williams Sentence of banishment. shall depart out of this jurisdiction "Whereas Mr. Roger Williams, within six weeks, now next ensuone of the elders of the church of ing; which, if he neglect to perSalem, hath broached and divulged form, it shall be lawful for the govdiverse new opinions, against the ernor and two of the magistrates to authority of magistrates; as also send him to some place out of this writ letters of defamation, both of jurisdiction, not to return any more, the magistrates and churches here, without license from the court." and that before any conviction, See Winthrop's Hist. of N. E. edand yet maintaineth the same with-ited by Savage; Vol. I. p. 167. |