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late of Warren, Pa., in his 36th year. His remains
were interred at Phoenix, in the Masonic grounds.
A brave man and beloved brother, after a long, pa-
tient struggle for life, is at rest. He was always faith-
ful in everything he had to do.
W. P. R.

STUBBS-WALTON.-On Fourth mo. 29th, 1885,
under care of Fallowfield Monthly Meeting, Joseph H.
Stubbs, M. D., of Londongrove, Pa., and Deborah F.
Walton, of Ercildown, Chester co., Pa.

commingling, to give to the absent ones on our return.
Let the feast be shared at proper seasons in our home
meetings with the few patient ones who so often miss
the inspiration that comes from the gathering of a
large number of "one accord, in one place," for the
furtherance of good. True it is that these are not
left without food, for our Father will surely dispense
to the "two" or the "three" gathered in His name;
yet all are His stewards and in many ways will He
require work at our hands, and this renewal of life
by keeping alive the interest of the small branches
by full reports of the work done in the larger meet-ing, L. I.
ings, will have a tendency to arouse new vigor in the
whole body.

TOWNSEND.-On Fourth month 30th, 1885, at her residence, Dennisville, N. J., Hannah S., wife of the late William S. Townsend, in her 76th year. dence, Flushing, L. I., Jacob H. Whilson, in the 68th year of his age: a member of Flushing Monthly Meet

WHILSON.-On Fourth mo. 21st, 1885, at his resi

in Talbot co., Md., William B. Yeo, in the 51st year
YEO.-On Third mo. 19th, 1885, at his residence,
of his age; a member of Third Haven Monthly Meet-
ing.
When he became conscious that his life was draw-

THE Editors of FRIENDS' INTELLIGENCER AND JOURNAL would be pleased to communicate with "Aing to a close, he spoke calmly of it in nearly the following words: "I had resolved, could I be permitted Young Friend," if furnished with the name and to recover, to live a more elevated life, but as it is, I address, which will not be made public, in relation have not wilfully wronged any one, and I believe I have endeavored to live an honest, upright life. I to an interesting article so signed. will be admitted into the mansions of rest.

MARRIAGES.

FERRIS-MASTERS.-On Fourth mo. 30th, 1885, at Wilmington, Del., by Friends' ceremony, Henry Ferris, of Wilmington, Del., and Elizabeth Ellis Masters, of Muncy, Pa.

GRISCOM-CLEMENT.-On Fourth month 14th, 1885, by Friends' ceremony, David J. Griscom, of Philadelphia, son of Jane W. and the late David J. Griscom, of Woodbury, N. J., and Lydia M., daughter of Joseph and the late Elizabeth C. Clement, of Woodbury, N. J.

STARR-HUNT.-On Fourth month 29th, 1885, in Philadelphia, by Friends' ceremony, W. Thomas Starr, of Baltimore, to Sallie S. Hunt, of Rising Sun, Maryland.

YARNALL.-On Fifth mo. 1st, 1885, at the residence of her son-in-law, Edwin Chandler, at New Garden, Pa., Mary R. Yarnall, widow of the late Ellis Yarnall, in the 90th year of her age; formerly of Concord, Delaware co., Pa.

WILLIAMS-JANNEY.-On Fourth month 29th, 1885, at the residence of the bride's mother, under the care of the Monthly Meeting of Friends of Philadelphia, Albert B. Williams, son of John and Elizabeth F. Williams, and Rebecca T., daughter of Rebecca J. and the late James Janney, formerly of Virginia.

DEATHS.

BARTRAM-On Fourth-day evening, Fourth mo. 29th, 1885, at Willistown, Chester co., Pa., of cholera infantum, Helen, daughter of Mordecai T. and Rebecca G. Bartram, aged 7 months and 6 days.

GARRETT.-On Fourth mo. 30th, 1885, in Radnor, Delaware co., Pa., Elizabeth L., wife of Lewis Garrett, in the 73d year of her age.

REYNOLDS.-On Fourth mo. 17th, 1885, at Fremont, Chester co., Pa., Lydia Preston Reynolds, wife of Vincent Reynolds, in her 62d year; a member of Little Britain Monthly Meeting, Lancaster co., Pa. Her life was full of loving kindness. She was much beloved, and her suffering was endured with patience

and submission.

ROBERTS.-On Fourth mo. 15th, 1885, at Phoenix, Arizona, Horace W. Roberts, formerly of Gwynedd,

NOTES.

A memorandum prepared by a Friend, who has examined the records, was read at the conference at Race Street Meeting-house, on Seventh-day last, which was indeed of striking significance. It gave the list of approved ministers of Philadelphia Quarterly Meeting, in the year 1877. They numbered then 16 persons. Since that year, one only has been added to the approved number, while 11 have died, and 4 have removed! Of the list, as it existed only eight years ago, but one remains, and her name, venerable by years and by good works, does but increase the force with which this simple statement of facts confronts us.

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The list referred to is as follows:
Deborah F. Wharton.
Lucretia Mott, deceased.
George Truman, d.
Rachel C. Rogers, d.
Louisa A. Evans, d.
Rachel W. Townsend, d.
Samuel J. Levick, d.
William P. Sharpless, d.
Ann A. Townsend, d.
Jane Johnson, d.
Joseph Davis, d.
John J. White, d.

Sarah J. Sharpless, removed.
Allen Flitcraft, r.
Mary M. Thomas, r.
Anne S. Clothier, r.

To this list, we are assured, two more names should be added-those of Anna Morris and Ann Weaver, both deceased since 1877. The only name approved within Philadelphia Quarter, since 1877, and now on the list, is that of Samuel S. Ash

CORRESPONDENCE.

REAPPOINTMENTS—SERVICE FOR YOUNG MEMBERS. DEAR EDITORS: I have long felt a concern that some one should call the attention of Friends to their over-many reappointments. So, when the suggestion was made that the young write their views to you, that opened the door for me.

In many of our meetings, if not all, we see the same ones reappointed to the same service, year after year, when, to my mind, it would create a much wider interest, and hold the young, if all were brought into the vineyard, and few reappointments made, except in some of the weighty positions, such as elders, where in country places we find too few who are qualified to fill that station. If we have not arrived at the advanced state of waiting in silence for God to commune with the soul, and are ready to say, "anything or nothing will I be for thy sake, O, Father!" is it not evident a lack of interest will be the result as we see there is no work for us? Yet I cannot think the fault lies at the door of youth, for activity is their nature, and they need it to develop spiritual growth, as well as mental and physical; but it is not in their power to take hold of the business until they are pushed forward, as the tree sends forth the "tender twig to bud and blossom and bear the ripened fruit." The inexperienced, of course, would not at first so creditably fill their places, nor was the emancipation of the negro at first of any apparent benefit to himself or the nation; but terity will reap the blessings from the Master's hand.

Rising Sun, Md., Fourth mo. 23d, 1885.

EDUCATION IN WASHINGTON.

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H. P. B.

Knowing Friends to be much interested in educational matters, we have thought a few words from Friends' Select School, Washington, might prove interesting, and at the same time be the means of accomplishing a good work.

This school will have been at the end of this year in successful operation two years. To quote from the first circular:

The design of this institution is to enable students while surrounded by home influences to prepare for business, to secure a liberal education without going to college, or to make the necessary preparation for entering the leading universities of the land."

To show how successful the work has been, we take the following from a recent report of the Principal, Thos. W. Sidwell:

'On the opening of this school, Ninth month 3d, 1883, eleven pupils were present. This number steadily increased until by the close of the year forty-one in all had been enrolled. At the opening this year twice as many were present, and the number in creased each week since, until it reached fifty-seven, when no more could be admitted."

The report states further:

"Not only has the attendance been almost double, but the tone of the school has been higher and the results of instruction more satisfactory. We have tried earnestly to improve our pupils morally as well as mentally, and to have their training such as will pre

pare them for lives of usefulness. Our school is ap preciated, as may be shown by letters from our pat rons. Up to the present we have been able to do well in the high school, but shall not be able to do to our the primary and intermediate work, and something satisfaction the advanced work of our classes next year, and still continue the primary work, unless the building be enlarged and our facilities for instruction be improved.

"We shall need a laboratory, several class-rooms, and additional room for increased attendance. There

is surely a work of education to be done, and we hope Friends may recognize the importance of it, and enlarge the building so that our school may be productive of far more good."

Our Principal is very energetic, and through his good management he has made quite a local reputation. The most influential people in the city have been attracted to it, and if suitable provision can be made for its growth there will not be a better or more popular school in the city.

The Alexandria Monthly Meeting appointed, as a committee for considering the advisability of making the necessary improvements: Edwin Shoemaker, Benj. Hendrickson, Walter Walton, B. T. Janney, Dr. Benj. Lippincott, Hannah H. Hendrickson, and Anna Walton. This committee, after carefully considering the matter, decided the improvements necessary, and found the cost of the same would be about five thousand dollars. The school thus enlarged would afford room for one hundred and forty pupils, would have a laboratory and all necessary classThe heating, light and ventilation would be unexceptionable. The primary, intermediate and high school departments would have separate parts of the building, and the instruction in the English branches, mathematics, science, literature and the classics would be made most thorough.

rooms.

Washington must of necessity become a great educational centre, and at no time shall we have an opportunity of firmly establishing a Friends' school as now. We clip the following from an article which recently appeared:

"Within ten years Washington will be the social and intellectual, as well as the political, capital of the republic. As years go on Americans will look to Washington as the Mecca of thought in all phases ; and as to-day a trip to Europe is considered necessary to a liberal education, so, in a not distant to-morrow, a sojourn in Washington will be regarded as necessary to all who would have a thorough knowledge of this republic."

The Smithsonian Institute, Corcoran Art Gallery, Capitol, Museum, Congressional Library, and various public buildings, enable a student to pursue his studies more intelligently than he could elsewhere.

Nowhere can he acquire such a thorough knowledge of our government, in all its departments. Inventors, historians, poets, artists and scientists are gathering here, and in the years to come this gathering must increase.

Realizing the importance, or rather the necessity, of enlarging the present building, if we wish to continue our work of education, and being fully aware we are not able ourselves to make the needed improvements, we ask Friends who may feel an interest in our work to furnish us with the necessary sum.

Since the expense of running a school the first

few years is always comparatively great, and our membership is small, though we think there has been an increasing interest since the opening of our school, we shall have all we can do to meet the ordinary expenses of the next three or four years.

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The proposed improvements will greatly enhance the value of the property, the location of which is such as to make it more valuable every year. If at any time Friends should see fit to dispose of this property they would realize a handsome premium on their investment.

We assure all who assist us that these improvements will be carefully made, and that, in our opinion, the school in consequence will be permanently established. All subscriptions may be forwarded to the treasurer, Edwin Shoemaker, Georgetown, D. C., who will acknowledge the receipt of the same by letter, and through the columns of INTELLIGENCER AND JOURNAL.

On behalf of the committee,

BENJ. LIPPINCOTT.

THE UNITED PAPERS.

I am one of the many that rejoice at the blending of the INTELLIGENCER AND JOURNAL. The reasons for the union are well expressed in the circulars issued to subscribers. The enlarged and improved Friends' paper has my very best wishes, and I sincerely hope that the subscription list may be large. I wish that each Yearly Meeting would raise a subscription, or set apart a fund to furnish the paper to such families as might feel it a burden to subscribe. I think that the paper ought, by some means, to enter the house of every family of Friends throughout our seven Yearly Meetings. H. F.

Clifton Springs, Fourth mo. 29th, 1885.

WHAT WOMEN HAVE DONE OUTSIDE THE HOME.*

The Somerville Literary Society bears the name of a woman who, though not going outside the home, in the ordinary sense of the word, has bequeathed to physical science a legacy of rich thought. Our Society was organized to meet a want felt by its founders. Recognizing that as more opportunities were coming to be within woman's reach, more responsibility would rest upon her and more ability would be expected of her, we determined to have a Society entirely for, and by ourselves where all should stand upon the same platform of inexperience and endeavor. For we felt that in a society composed of girls and boys, only the ablest and less sensitive of the girls would take active part in the exercises while those who most needed practice in public speaking and in the management of deliberative assemblies would, from self-consciousness and self-distrust, refrain from attempting lest they fail.

The condition of the Society to day shows that its founders "builded better than they knew." It has been my happy lot to watch it grow year by year from a very small beginning to its present encouraging proportions.

*A paper by Ellen H. E. Price, read before the Somerville Literary Society, of Swarthmore College, Pa., on the occasion of the fourteenth anniversary of the founding of the Society.

It seems scarcely necessary to tell such an assembly as this what women have done. When we consider what progress has been made by our Society within the few years of its existence, we may, perhaps, the better appreciate the advancement in the social condition of woman in the world at large which marks the latter half of the current century. While we of the present day may sometimes feel ourselves restricted and shut out from many privileges that we wish to enjoy we cannot imagine a condition of less freedom. But that such a condition did exist and that, too, only so lately as within the last forty (40) years, it will not require a very close study of the subject to show. This rapid advancement is due almost if not entirely to the genius and energy of a few women. For while some good men, lovers of justice, have lent the aid of voice and pen to this

new cause," it has been the quiet, dignified persistence of these women, themselves, in daring to maintain the rights they believed themselves to have that has brought about this result. Foremost among these and among all women of any age or clime stands Lucretia Mott. I know of no woman living or dead who approaches her in what she has done for her sex. Hers was the courage of the martyr. No fire could burn with more intensity nor cause more pain than did the taunts and gibes of those who opposed her because she saw farther and with a clearer light than they. Endowed though she was with rare intellectual gifts, her spiritual insight was even greater and without wavering, she led the way in all reform which had for its object the freedom of the human race. Early in her public career she felt it her duty to devote her life to "the abolition of slavery, the elevation of woman, the cause of temperance, and the promotion of universal peace.'

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Many of her co-workers, among whom are Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Lucy Stone, Mary Grew, helped to mould public opinion and advance the best interests of woman. They are strong, earnest, capable women, but she was their leader.

Woman's persistence in demanding a less restricted sphere for her labors and her enthusiasm in fitting herself to deserve recognition in this sphere have opened for her new fields in which she may work for the good of humanity or for her own gain or where, happily, she may combine the two. It is probably in the profession of medicine that she has made the best success in the few years that opportunities for advanced study have been at her command. The Woman's Medical College and Hospital for Women and Children in Philadelphia, are monuments of woman's perseverance and of her ability to organize and conduct institutions of this kind. This College, which, by the way, ranks as the first Woman's Medical College in the world, was only founded in 1850. Its first commencement was held in a private room, its graduates were sneered at, ridiculed and treated with contempt; less than a month ago the largest public hall in the City of Philadelphia had hardly sitting capacity sufficient for the appreciative audience assembled to witness the conferring of the degree of Doctor of Medicine upon twenty-two (22) young women who went out into the world with honor and praise.

Dr. Ann Preston, one of the early graduates of the

College, was very influential in reconciling public opinion to the idea of women physicians. For the public's ideal of a woman doctor" at that time was of a loud-voiced, coarse-grained, masculine sort of a creature, but in Dr. Preston all beheld the modest, gentle lady, who could write out the same prescriptions as her medical brethren without hurt to her womanhood, and who could reduce a fracture or amputate a limb with steady hand and strong nerve and yet lose none of her distinctive womanly charms. Dr. Alice Bennett with her bright young face and kindly heart has been instrumental in inaugurating a more humane method of treatment of the insane. She is to be remembered as the first woman who has had professional charge of her own sex in any institution for the insane.

Dr. Emily Reifsnyder, a citizen of this (State, is gaining renown by her success in surgery in China where she labors under the auspices of the American Woman's Union Mission There is great hope for the women of the Orient now that it has occurred to their more enlightened sisters to send them doctors for their poor suffering bodies as well as physicians for their souls. Spiritual advancement, although not entirely dependent upon physical perfection is greatly assisted by it. The Eastern women are not permitted to expose themselves to the gaze of any man, but their own husbands; consequently a male physician must prescribe for them from what symptoms he can gather through a hole in a curtain. Such diagnostication must necessarily be liable to error. The woman physician, on the contrary, can enter into the home life of the patient, can find out her disease more surely, can prescribe more accurately, can teach a more hygienic mode of life, can elevate the moral tone and can, in time, be the saviour of this poor, ignorant superstitious sister. While she relieves her of much physical misery, she is paving the way for her emancipation in the near future.

While speaking of medicine, our minds are drawn to the kindred profession of nursing; for without the efficient nurse the doctor is crippled indeed. Dr. Reifsnyder, in her late surgical operation, the fame of which has come over the seas to us, was assisted by a graduate of our own Philadelphia Training School for Nurses. Every where over our country we find these trained nurses fast making themselves an indispensible factor in society-a blessing to the suffering to whom they come as "angels with healing on their wings."

Although the lecture as a means of expressing abstract thought is fast disappearing, it has been no inconsiderable help in the education of the outgoing generation. Women have found the platform a means of access to the public ear, whence they could teach the people lessons of charity, temperance and all righteousness. Women are naturally teachers and the lecture hall affords a wider scope than the class room for those who find this method of teaching congenial to their tastes. Anna Dickinson during our civil war, aroused the patriotism of the people by her eloquence and prepared their minds for the reforms that were to come. Of later days, Mary A. Livermore and Kate Fields, perhaps, are most worthy of mention.

Literature affords a wide field for women. It is

delightful work, but it commands very poor pay to any but the most successful. It has brought fame to some and profit to many, however, to Harriet Beecher Stowe among the first. Oliver Wendell Holmes says of Margaret Fuller Ossoli that she will be known to posterity more by what others have written of her than by what she has herself written. But she moulded thought and has left the impress of her peculiar mental power upon the group of philosophers and mystics who were wont to assemble in and around Boston some thirty (30) years ago.

Notwithstanding Paul's injunction to the quarrelsome Corinthians "Let the women keep silence in the churches," some of our own country women are doing good work and following the bent of their inclinations as ministers of the Gospel. Lucy Stone and Phebe A. Hanaford are names that present themselves. In our own religious Society, of late years, it seems as if our most prominent ministers were men, but as we claim no personal election in the matter, we cannot take this as an evidence that women are not fit for the service. They have been called in the past and the call may come again. There may arise by obedience, even from our very midst others like unto Elizabeth Newport, Mary S. Lippincott and Deborah F. Wharton.

The profession of law seems to be exceedingly difficult for women to enter. So was medicine thirtyfive (35) years ago. We must not be disheartened. Belva Lockwood and Phebe Cozzens have found the open sesame to be faithful effort and a thorough qualification for the work joined to unswerving courage and unwavering determination.

The profession of teaching is one that belongs by the very nature of things to woman. The mother is a teacher, conscious or unconscious, from the time her child is first laid in her arms. Blessed, twice blessed she to whom is given the strength to teach only the good and true. In the school room woman enters into competition with man and suffers not by the comparison-save in the compensation she receives. Time may make matters more equal in this respect, but agitation of the subject is needed, and woman should insist and continue to insist upon her right to command the same compensation as man for the same class and quality of work.

We need not look far for representative names in this profession. Here, within the walls of our Alma Mater is Professor Cunningham, widely known at home and even in England for her attainments in her especial branch of study, and as to her ability in imparting this knowledge there are many here this afternoon to speak.

Annie Shoemaker, for many years connected with Friends' Central School-for the last ten years as its Principal, has laid her hand in blessing upon thousands of young girls and the influence of her life and teaching is felt in many homes over the land.

Elizabeth Peabody deserves in her own life the happiness she has been so instrumental in bringing about for the little ones of America by her zeal in advancing here the new departure in education-the kindergarten system. Speaking of kindergartens, if they bring happiness to the offspring of the rich and well-to-do, how infinitely more must they bless the poor children whose only bright moments are spent

in the little circle of their "garten," whose only glimpse of beauty, sometimes only show of love, is what they get there. Probably we shall never be able to estimate the good done by these free kindergartens of which there are in the City of Philadelphia twenty-four (24) attended by seven hundred and twenty-two (722) children. Perhaps our descendants of the third and fourth generation may be able to judge of the crime and pauperism avoided by this judicious treatment of the almost-babies, this making honesty, kindness and all goodness attractive to them and nipping in the bud the love of what is debasing. Many women in our city have given of their time and means in advancing this causeamong them Anna Hallowell deserves especial mention here because she has probably done more than any other and because of her former association with Swarthmore College.

Just within the last few months, one of our Philadelphia women has entered upon a business career for which she seems to be fitted and in which she has the best wishes of the press and of many private individuals. Miss Harris, formerly the Secretary of T. B. Pugh, has revived the Star Course of Lectures which, under the management of Mr. Pugh with whom it originated, has become so well and favorably known to Philadelphians.

The public spirited Mrs. Gillespie has been the prime mover in many excellent works. In all her undertakings she has shown her wonderful executive ability.

The new Century Club, composed principally of women, is doing a good work. Besides providing for the improvement and entertainment of its members, it has established classes in bookkeeping, sewing, cooking, etc., and lectures on the care of the sick and the preservation of health for poor girls and women employed through the day. It provides for them a pleasant parlor with piano and books and contemplates the establishment of a gymnasium for their use.

Woman's labors in the cause of charity and reform are fruitful of good results. In the Associations for Organized Charity now established in nearly all our large cities, woman plays no inconsiderable part. For although I know of none of these associations which can boast of a woman president, that would be too much of an innovation where so many Orthodox clergymen take part-yet the real work of the organization must be done principally by women. The trifling things that are so essential to the success of any undertaking are what oftenest fall to woman's For men won't do them, so women must and to the honor of woman, be it said, they are well done. In charity work, her tact is required to distinguish between the deserving and the impostor; her patience alone can aid and direct and then be willing to wait until the helped can help himself and thus retain his self-respect; her kindly sympathy and words of cheer bring solace to the aching heart and comfort to the destitute.

lot.

The evil of intemperance has many earnest opponents among women for they are the ones who suffer most, although indirectly from its consequences. For the real victim of intemperance is not the man who allows the maddening cup to deprive him of his

judgment and his powers of body and mind, but the woman nearest to him-the one or ones who love him most and who are bound to him by indissoluble ties. The promotion of universal peace claims the thoughts and labors of many women. And there is ample room for the teacher here to prepare the minds of the people for a state of society more in accord with the precepts of him who said to Peter, "Put up thy sword into its place.'

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Deborah F. Wharton, of our own religious Society, has never wavered in her interest in the outraged Indian, and none regret more than she the fact that the Society of Friends has been crowded out from any share in their care and education by the National Government. The Indian Training Schools at Carlisle, Hampton, and the one nearer home, at the Eagle, on the Pennsylvania Railroad, are doing a good work; the last mentioned is, especially, in the hands of women.

In this hasty review of what women have done outside the home, it has been impossible to do anything like justice to the subject. It needed more time and greater facilities of research than were at my disposal. Besides, it must be remembered that however much is done directly, the indirect is always the greatest. That cannot be estimated. The influence which guides the mind into a certain channel, which begets in another the desire to do God's work, the kindly sympathy which helps on the work and holds up the hands of the worker, when he is ready to faint from fatigue and discouragement, the thousand and one efforts to keep the little harassing cares of life away from the anointed and save his strength for the great services-these must go without telling, and they are woman's.

A TRIP TO NEW ORLEANS.-SIDE GLANCES.

My invitation to New Orleans came from Philadelphia in the shape of a check, and our Easter holidays gave the opportunity. Twenty-four hours of car travel landed us in the Crescent City, and as the Exposition has been well treated by others, we will speak of some things which will make New Orleans memorable. Our eyes had longed to see "Margaret's" monument, for to this far Southern city belongs the honor of erecting the first public monument to a woman of our own country. Boston has her Harriet Martineau, but New Orleans had carved in marble, not a representative of literary talent, of wealth, or station, but has put in her public square the "lifelike image" of an uneducated, plainly clad, broadshouldered Irish woman, who, forty-nine years ago went there to live with her husband (from Baltimore where both their parents had died of yellow fever), but was soon a widow and childless. Then she hired out to an orphan asylum, and took such active interest in all that was for their good she proved a loved and honored helper. When its debt was lifted, she went into the dairy business on her own account, and from that to making bread. All the impulses of her life seemed to be to give, give, give. She gave bread to the asylums on condition she could take it herself, and many a one remembers her with a wheelbarrow, carrying bread to the needy. The richer she grew the more she gave, until, at her death, she was giving three

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