tions, 21; Constitutions of the People, 22; Constitutions of the Government, 22; Constitutional Governments, 22; Written Constitutions, 22; Unwritten Constitutions, 23; Advantages of the Two Kinds of Constitutions, 23; Im- proving Government by Evolution,' 23; by Revolution, 23.
PRESIDENT, THE, QUALIFICATIONS
AND REMOVAL OF, 265-268.—Qualifi- cations of the President, 265; the Vice-President, 265; Removal of the President, etc., 266; the Presidential Succession, 266; Objections to Old Rule, 267; Salaries, 268; President's Inauguration, 268. PRESIDENT AND VICE-PRESIDENT, ELECTION OF, 251-256.-Mode of Elec- tion, 251; Convention's First Decis- ion, 251; Objections to Election by Congress, 252; Objections to Popular Election, 252; Electoral Plan, 252; Plans of Appointing Electors, 253; First Mode of Procedure, 253; Three First Presidential Elections, 254; Election of 1800, 254; Amendment XII., 254; Election of 1825, 256; Elec- tion of 1876, 256; the Electoral Com- mission, 257; Law of 1887, 257; the Vice-President, 257; Days Fixed, 258; Table, etc., 259.
PRESIDENT, THE, POWERS AND DUTIES OF, 269-283.-The President Com- mander-in-Chief of Army and Navy, 269; Reprieves and Pardons, 269; the Treaty-making Power, 270; Steps in Making a Treaty, 270; Congress and the Treaty Power, 271; Jay's Treaty, 272; Scope of Treaty-making Power, 272; Relation of a Treaty to the Constitution and Laws, 273; Officers of the United States, 273; Classes of Officers, 274; Employes of the Gov- ernment, 274; Vesting Appointing Power, 274; Nomination and Confir- mation, 275; Courtesy of the Senate, 275; Power of Removal, 276; remov- als from Office, 276; the Spoils Sys- tem, 277; Civil Service Reform, 277; Tenure of Office Act of 1867, 278; Present Rule of Removals, 278; Pub- lic Ministers, 279; the Army and Navy, 279; Consuls, 280; President's Relation to Foreign Affairs, 280; the President's Message, 281; Special
Sessions, 281; Reception of Ministers, 282; Right of Dismissal, 282; Presi- dent to Execute the Laws and Com- mission Officers, 283.
RATIFICATION, 350-351.-Article VII., 350; Reasons for, 350; Status of States not Ratifying, 350. RECONSTRUCTION. See " Slavery and
REPRESENTATIVES, APPORTIONMENT OF, UNDER THE CONSTITUTION, 155- 159.- Meaning of the Rule, 155; Method of, 1793-1843, 155; Attempt to Change the Rule in 1832, 156; Method of 1843, 156; Method of 1853-1863, 157; Ninth and Tenth Censuses, 157; Elev- enth Census, 157; Tables, etc., 158, 159. SENATE, THE, COMPOSITION AND OR- GANIZATION OF, 160-163.-Number, Election, and Term, of Senators, 160; Classes of Senators, 161; Senate a Permanent Body, 161; Senator's Qualifications, 162; Vice-President's Vote, 162; Officers of the Senate, 163. SENATORS AND REPRESENTATIVES, RIGHTS OF, 182-186.-Members of Congress to be Paid, 182; National Payment, 182; Compensation left to Congress, 183; Retroactive Compen- sation, 183; Exemption from Arrest, 184; Not to be Questioned, 184; Rea- son of the Rule, 185.
SLAVERY AND RECONSTRUCTION, 357- 368.-Slavery, North and South, 357; Free and Slave States, 357; the Mis- souri Compromise, 357; the Admis- sion of Texas, 357; the Mexican An- nexations and Wilmot Proviso, 358; Compromise of 1850, 358; North and South, 359; Repeal of Missouri Compromise, 359; Position of Parties in 1856, 359; Dred Scott Decision, 359; Presidential Election of 1860, 360; Emancipation Proclamation, 360; Amendment XIII., 361; Amendment XIV., 362; Citizenship Defined, 363; Due Process of Law, 363; Reason for the Apportionment Clause, 364; Ob- ject of Section Three, 365; Object of Section Four, 366; Amendment XV., 366; Effect of Amendments XIII.-XV., 366; Civil Rights Act, 367; Amend- ments Proposed but not Ratified, 368. STATES, THE, LIMITATIONS OF, 243- 247.-General Reasons, 243; Reasons
for Prohibitions, 243; Bills of Credit, 243; Obligation of a Contract, 244; Dartmouth College Case, 244; No Prohibition on Congress, 245; Statute of Limitations, 245; Inspection Laws, 245; Limits of this Power, 246; Ton- nage
Duties, 246; State Troops, Ships of War, etc., 246; the States not Sovereign, 247.
STATES, THE, NATIONAL GUARANTEES TO, 336-339.-The States Republican, 336; Congress to Decide, 336; Inva- sion and Domestic Violence, 337; Pro- cedure in Cases of Violence, 337; Rea- sons for Distinction, 337; Direct Re- lation of National Authority to Do- mestic Violence, 338.
STATES, THE, RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF, 323-326.-Public Acts, Records, etc., 323; Privileges and Immunities, 323; a Citizen Defined, 324; Fugitives from Justice, 324; Surrendering Fu- gitives from Justice, 325; Fugitives from Service, 325.
STATES, NEW, 327-335.-Western Land Claims, 327; Western Sessions, 328; Division of Old States, 329; Admis- sion of New States, 329; Territorial Growth, 330; Territory and Terri- tories, 330; Ordinance of 1787, 330; the Northwest Territory, 331; Types of Territorial Government, 331; Pro- hibition of Slavery in the Northwest, 332; Status of a Territory, 332; New States, list of, 333; West Virginia, 334. STATES, THE, RELATIONS OF, TO THE UNION, 369-371.- National Constitu- tion Half a Political System, 369; the Union Dependent upon the States, 369; Proper State Sphere, 370; Rela- tions of Citizen to the Two Jurisdic- tions, 370.
SUFFRAGE, 392-396.-How fixed, 392; Common Rule of Suffrage, 392; Citi- zenship, 392; Residence, 392; Race, 393; Education, 393; Registration, 393; Religion, 393; Various Disqualifi- cations, 394; Woman's Suffrage, 394; Cumulative Voting, 394; Modes of Voting, 395; Holding Office, 395; Re- ligious Tests, 395. TERRITORIAL SYSTEM, THE. See "States, New."
TREASON, 312-317.-The Crime of, 312; Abuses of the Punishment of, 312;
Levying War, 313; Giving an Enemy Aid and Comfort, 313; Modes of Con- viction, 314; the Punishment De- clared, 314; the Common Law Punish- ment, 315; Attainder of Treason, 315; Power of Congress over Attainder, 315; Meaning of Limitation, 316; Treason Against a State, 316.
UNION, THE, FORMATION OF, 64-72.- Relations of the Colonies, 64; the United States, 65; Colonies Reorgan- ized as States, 65; the First Consti- tutions, 66; Source of New Constitu- tions, 66; Models of New Constitu- tions, 67; Transition from Colony to State, 67; the Union, 68; the Ameri- can State, 69; Consolidation of Colo- nies, 69; United Colonies of New Eng- land, 69; Penn's Plan of Union, 69; Wars with French and Indians, 70; Albany Congress of 1754, 70; Stamp Act Congress, 70; Congress of 1774, 71; Congress of 1775, 71; Continental Congress, 71; the Union Established, 72; New Political Vocabulary, 72. UNION, THE, LIMITATIONS OF, 236-242. -Reasons for such Limitations, 236; the Slave Trade, 236; Habeas Corpus in England, 237; Operation of the Writ, 237; Cases of Suspension, 238; Who Shall Suspend? 238; Mili- tary Arrests in Civil War, 238; the Milligan Case, 239; a Bill of Attain- der, 239; Ex-Post Facto Laws, 240; Export Duties, 240; Preferences as to Ports, 241; Entering and Clear- ing, 241; Congress Controls the Treasury, 241; Titles of Nobility and Presents, 242.
UNION, THE, SUPREMACY OF, 343-345.- Validity of the Public Debt, 343; Weak Point in a Federal System, 343; the Supreme Law, 344; State Judges Bound, 344; Oath Prescribed, 344; Limit of the National Supremacy, 345; No Religious Test, 345. UNION, THE, THEORIES OF, 346-349.- State Sovereignty, 346; Secession of Eleven States, 346; the National Theory, 347; Status of Seceding States during the Rebellion, 348; Supreme Court View, 348; Antagonistic Theo- ries, 349.
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