Memoirs of the Life and Scientific Researches of John Dalton ...Cavendish Society, 1854 - Всего страниц: 249 |
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Memoirs of the Life and Scientific Researches of John Dalton William Charles Henry Полный просмотр - 1854 |
Memoirs of the Life and Scientific Researches of John Dalton William Charles Henry Полный просмотр - 1854 |
Memoirs of the Life and Scientific Researches of John Dalton William Charles Henry Полный просмотр - 1854 |
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appeared ascertained atmosphere atom of hydrogen atom of oxygen atomic theory atomic volumes atomic weights Aurora Borealis azote barometer Berthollet Berzelius binary compound bodies British Association carbonic acid carburetted hydrogen chemical synthesis chemistry chemists chlorine colour combination constitution Davy discovery Doctor Dalton Dulong elastic fluids elements equal essay existence expansion experimental experiments facts favour formulæ Gay-Lussac Helvellyn honour hydrogen isomorphous John Dalton Kendal Keswick Kopp labours lectures letter liquid Manchester mathematical memoir mental mercury meteorological mixed gases mountain multiple proportions nature nearly never nitrous gas nitrous oxide number of atoms object observed olefiant gas oxide oxygen phenomena philosopher Playfair possession present principles quantity regarded relation relative weights remarkable repulsion researches respect Royal salts simple Sir H Skiddaw Society solid specific gravity sulphur System temperature thermometer Thomson tion ultimate particles vapour views Wasdale Head water of crystallization Wollaston yellow
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Стр. 90 - Now it is one great object of this work, to show the importance and advantage of ascertaining the relative weights of the ultimate particles both of simple and compound bodies, the number of simple elementary particles which constitute one compound particle, and the number of less compound particles which enter into the formation of one more compound particle.
Стр. 91 - When three combinations are obtained, we may expect one to be a binary and the other two ternary. 4th. When four combinations are observed, we should expect one binary, two ternary, and one quaternary, etc.
Стр. 142 - The truth is, I believe, that gases do not unite in equal or exact measures in any one instance; when they appear to do so, it is owing to the inaccuracy of our experiments.
Стр. 108 - According to it, the equivalent weights of bodies are simply those quantities of them which contain equal quantities of electricity, or have naturally equal electric powers ; it being the ELECTRICITY which determines the equivalent number, because it determines the combining force. Or, if we adopt the atomic theory or phraseology, then the atoms of bodies which are equivalents to each other in their ordinary chemical action, have equal...
Стр. 249 - That part of the image which others call red, appears to me little more than a shade, or defect of light; after that the orange, yellow, and green seem one colour, which descends pretty uniformly from an intense to a rare yellow, making what I should call different shades of yellow.
Стр. 91 - ... acid and oxygen, weighing 26 ; 4th. That carbonic oxide is a binary compound, consisting of one atom of charcoal, and one of oxygen, together weighing nearly 12; that carbonic acid is a ternary compound, (but sometimes binary) consisting of one atom of charcoal, and two of oxygen, weighing 19; &c. &c. In all these cases the weights are expressed in atoms of hydrogen, each of which is denoted by unity.
Стр. 109 - Or, if we adopt the atomic theory or phraseology, then the atoms of bodies which are equivalents to each other in their ordinary chemical action, have equal quantities of electricity naturally associated with them. But I must confess I am jealous of the term atom ; for though it is very easy to talk of atoms, it is very difficult to form a clear idea of their nature, especially when compound bodies are under consideration.
Стр. 90 - Chemical analysis and synthesis go no farther than to the separation of particles one from another, and to their reunion. No new creation or destruction of matter is within the reach of chemical agency. We might as well attempt to introduce a new planet into the solar system, or to annihilate one already in existence, as to create or destroy a particle of hydrogen. All the changes we can produce, consist in separating particles that are in a state of cohesion or combination, and joining those that...
Стр. 169 - Avenues, parterres, and lawns, terraces, and broad gravel walks in long vistas of distance are bounded by woods and by higher grounds. As yet we had seen no one, when part of the company came in view at a distance — a gentleman of advanced years and two young men. Was it possible not to think of the groves of the Academy and the borders of the Ilyssus ? We approached this group, when the elderly gentleman took off his hat and advanced to give his hand to Dalton. It was Berthollet. The two younger...
Стр. 22 - ... 3. The quantity of any liquid evaporated in the open air, is directly as the force of steam from such liquid, at its temperature, all the circumstances being the same. 4. All elastic fluids expand the same quantity by heat ; and this expansion is very nearly in the same equable way as that of mercury, at least from 32° to 212°. It seems probable the expansion of each particle of the same fluid, or its sphere of influence, is directly as the quantity of heat combined with it ; and consequently...