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committee of vigilance to ascertain and publish | more than in any other case of his advice, arising every instance in which experiments had failed, out of our previous relations, as mentioned at the or produced unfortunate effects. A communica-opening of this memoir. He said that his advice tion in the shape of a report from a committee of twelve dentists, of which Dr. J. F. Flagg was chairman, appeared in the Daily Advertiser of Dec. 12, 1846, in which several cases were detailed, (the names of patients not being given,) where serious results had followed inhalation. Young ladies were represented as leaving Dr. Morton's office delirious, and remaining so for several days, with bleeding at the lungs, melancholy, and other dreadful results. They admit that inhalation may be used to good purpose in surgical cases, under the care of men of thorough scientific training, at once chemists and physiologists; but give their opinion that it will prove to be of little use in dentistry, and especially warn their fellow-citizens against trusting themselves to men not possessed of certain indicia and certificates from colleges or medical schools, not physiologists and pathologists,-in short, such men as their brother dentist, Mr. Morton. As these dentists ised the ether themselves so soon as it appeared that the patent could not be enforced, their warning and opinion have no new value; but, at the time, their manifesto was a most serious obstruction to the success of Dr. Morton, and was quoted throughout the Union, as evidence against the util-rayed against it. I felt the need of all the aid I ity and safety of etherization itself.

CHAPTER VI.

SUBSEQUENT HISTORY OF THE DISCOVERY.

had been useful to me, that I should make a good him a compensation. I told him I would do so if deal out of the patent, and that I ought to make I made much by the patent, independent of what 1 gained in my business. He then said he should charge me $500. I told him I would pay him that, if ten per cent. on the nett profits of the patent amounted to so much. He said he was perfectly satisfied with this arrangement, and so the interview ended. what had passed, and two or three days afterwards The next morning he told Mr. R. H. Eddy Mr. Eddy suggested to me that instead of paying Dr. Jackson a fee, I should interest him in the patent, and give him ten per cent. of the nett profits. Mr. Eddy made this suggestion out of friendship to Dr. Jackson, whom he wished to benefit. He of Dr. Jackson's name and skill; that he would added that the patent would thus have the benefit thus have a motive to give his attention to the preparation and the apparatus, and we should be able to keep in advance of the improvements that might be suggested by others. He also said that if a suit was brought, and Dr. Jackson should be a witness, as he doubtless would be, the aid he had given me might be made a handle of by persons impeaching At this time the dentists had organized a formidable the patent, to invalidate my claim as the discoverer. opposition to the use of ether, and all the medical magazines in the Union, except Boston, were ar

could get, and was conscious of a want of thorough scientific education myself. I was induced by these motives to accede to Mr. Eddy's request, but did not then understand that Dr. Jackson claimed to be a discoverer at all. But on this head I refer to the affidavits of the Messrs. Eddy.

The next stage in this history is the procuring of the patent right by Dr. Morton. The gentleman whose evidence throws the most light upon this, is R. H. Eddy, Esq., a civil engineer and commissioner of patents. Mr. Eddy is well known in our community as a man of intelligence To DRS. GEO. HAYWARD, and honor, and the trustees say his testimony is "entitled to the most implicit credit."

This statement is confirmed by the following letter from Mr. Eddy, drawn out by the letter from the surgeons of the hospital, given above. The italics are by the editor.

BOSTON, May 22, 1847.

S. D. TOWNSend,
SAMUEL PARKMAN,

Surgeons of the
Mass. General
Hospital:-

The 23d day of October, nearly a week after H. J. BIGELOW, the second experiment at the hospital, and when tions of the 18th and 20th instant, in which you Gentlemen-I have received your communicathe discovery had been taken up by men of distinstate that you have understood me to be "in posguished name, Dr. Jackson, for the first time session of important information relative to the dissince the discovery was announced, saw Dr. Mor-covery of the new property of sulphuric ether, and He called at Dr. Morton's office, where an interview took place, the account of which is drawn from Dr. Morton's memoir.

ton.

On the 23d October, I saw Dr. Jackson for the first time since the interview last described. I take my account of this interview from a memorandum made at the time, the accuracy of which is attested by two witnesses of the highest respectability who were present. He said he thought he would just look in, that he heard I was doing well with the ether, and learned from Mr. Eddy that I intended to take out a patent, and would make a good deal by it. I replied that it had been a cause of anxiety and expense to me, but that I thought I should now do well with it. He said he thought so too, and that he believed he must make me a professional charge for advice. I asked him why in this case,

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of its subsequent history," and are desirous that I should "furnish such a statement of the matter as will elucidate so important a subject;"-also, " to state how the names of Drs. C. T. Jackson and W. T. G. Morton became associated in the letters patent, and what share each had, in my opinion, in making the discovery.' Also, any other facts I may choose to communicate tending to the same end."

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The friendly relations which, for many years, have existed between myself and Dr. C. T. Jackson, have heretofore caused me to refrain from making known many facts in my possession in relation to the late discovery of the new effect of sulphuric ether. The difficulties, between him and Dr. W. T. G. Morton, I hoped to see settled by an impartial reference-one, where the evidence, produced by both parties, could be subjected to a rigid

examination, in order that truth might be elicited, and strict justice rendered to whichever of those gentlemen such a tribunal should accord the chief merit of making the discovery. I have earnestly recommended Dr. Morton, whenever an opportunity has presented, to induce Dr. Jackson to submit the matter of the discovery to such a reference. Accordingly, it was a cause of much gratification to me to learn, that a proposition of Dr. Morton to do so, had received the favorable consideration of Dr. Jackson. I find, however, my anticipations have not been realized. Dr. Jackson, after having consented to refer the case, and after delaying, a long time, to agree on a suitable umpire, has, as I learn, utterly refused to submit his claims to a just arbitration. Under such circumstances, I feel it a duty to make known to you a few facts. My business engagements prevent me from stating a particular history of much that has come under my observation in relation to this matter. I shall, therefore, endeavor to confine myself to a simple statement of what I was witness to, from the time I first heard of the discovery until a patent was applied for on it in this country.

Within a few days of Sept. 30, 1846, I think the 1st of October, Dr. W. T. G. Morton called on me at my office, stated to me that he had made an important discovery, by which he could extract teeth without pain, and desired to learn from me whether it could be secured by a patent. After replying to him that he must state the nature of it, before I could render him any definite opinion, he informed me, that he used sulphuric ether, by administering it by inhalation in a state of vapor. He mentioned, that he had extracted a tooth without the patient being sensible of the operation, and that, on awakening from the sleep into which he had been thrown, he was much surprised to find his tooth drawn and lying on the floor.

I stated to Dr. M. that, as to the patentability of the discovery, I had some doubts; but that I would consult the law, and the various legal decisions on the subject of patents, and advise him of the result. After this, I saw Dr. Morton not more than once, I think, if once, until Wednesday, the 21st day of October. In the mean time, I had read several articles in the newspapers relative to the experiments performed at the Massachusetts General Hospital, and had understood, from Dr. Charles T. Jackson, that he had had some connection with Dr. Morton in making the discovery. My reflections on the subject led me to the belief, that a patent could be obtained in this country, and, on the 21st day of October, Dr. Morton having called at my office, I so informed him. I stated to him that, from what I had learned from Dr. Jackson, I considered the discovery to be a joint one, and that the patent, if applied for, must be conjointly by him and Dr. Jackson. In rendering such advice, I was fully impressed with the belief, from the statements of Dr. Jackson, that he, Dr. J., had suggested to Dr. Morton the propriety of experimenting with ether -that Dr. Morton, without the presence or further assistance of Dr. Jackson, had practically demonstrated the effect of ether to annul pain. Upon this I reasoned, that, had Dr. Morton kept the discovery secret, neither Dr. Jackson nor the world would have known of the result; or, in other words, had Dr. Morton not performed the experiment that he did, the discovery made could not have taken place; also, that had not Dr. Jackson given Dr. Morton the idea of using ether, neither Dr. Morton nor the world would have known of the

discovery. It seemed to me to be a clear case of joint invention or discovery. Dr. Jackson had admitted to me that he had never performed a surgical operation of any kind on a patient, under the influence of inhaled ether.

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In reply to my remarks to Dr. Morton, he stated that he did not know by what right Dr. Jackson should have any interest in the patent, as he (Dr. M.) had an understanding with Dr. Jackson to fully remunerate him for any advice he might have rendered him. In order to satisfy myself more fully as to the position of Dr. Jackson in this discovery, and the understanding between him and Dr. Morton, I called at the office of Dr. Jackson the next morning. I cannot recollect the precise conversation which ensued at this interview, but the substance of it was, that Dr. Jackson informed me that, by the laws of the Massachusetts Medical Society, he would be prevented from joining with Dr. Morton in taking out a patent, as he would be expelled from the association if he did so. He further stated, that he intended to make a professional charge of $500" to Dr. Morton, for the advice he had given him, and that Dr. Morton had acceded to this; that he did not wish his name connected with Dr. Morton's in any manner; that Dr. Morton might take out a patent if he desired to, or do what he pleased with it. I made inquiries as to the assistance rendered Dr. Morton, and asked Dr. Jackson if he had ever tried any experiments to practically demonstrate the fact that the inhalation of ether would prevent pain during a surgical operation. He informed me that he had not. I am fully persuaded that Dr. Jackson, at this time, thought the whole matter of little value or importance. The conversation I had with him led me to this belief. He supposed Dr. Morton might realize something from it in his business of dentistry, and was willing he should do what he pleased with it, so long as he did not couple his (Dr. J.'s) name with it. I afterwards inquired of Dr. Morton whether he had agreed to give Dr. Jackson $500 for the assistance rendered, as well as for all the doctor's interest whatever in the discovery. He said that he had, and that he had agreed to pay him at the rate of ten per cent. on the sale of licenses until the $500 was paid.

On Friday evening, Oct. 23d, on my return to my residence after a visit to the theatre, I found Dr. Jackson in conversation with my father, Caleb Eddy, Esq., and waiting to see me. At this interview, I urged Dr. Jackson to waive his objections to associating with Dr. Morton, as I was confident that he was mistaken in his views of what would be the action of the Medical Association; that Dr. Morton could not properly take out a patent without him; and that, by joining in the patent, he would, of a certainty, be obtaining credit as a discoverer ; whereas, should he not do so, he might lose all credit, as in the case of the Magnetic Telegraph, which I had understood from Dr. Jackson he had suggested to Professor Morse.

The next day, or within a few days after, I called on Dr. Augustus A. Gould, to learn from him the nature of the rules of the Medical Society. Dr. Gould I knew to be a personal friend and a wellwisher of Dr. Jackson. He exhibited to me a copy of the by-laws, in which I found they only provided, so far as I could see, that no member should deal in secret remedies. I perceived at once from them, that no objection could arise to Dr. Jackson's patenting any invention he might make, as it would cease to become secret the moment it might be patented. I understood Dr. Gould to coincide with me in my

views. After preparing the specification, I submitted it to Dr. Jackson, who fully approved it. I next had it copied in a manner suitable to be signed and sworn to by the parties.

I recommended to Dr. Morton to allow me to insert, in the written agreement to be made between him and Dr. Jackson, ten per cent. on all sales of licenses, instead of ten per cent. until the amount to be paid would reach $500; advised him to be liberal towards Dr. Jackson, both in giving him credit, and a chance of profit. In this, I was governed by a sincere desire to benefit Dr. Jackson, while, at the same time, I supposed I was doing my duty to Dr. Morton, as I believed it would be for his interest to I thought the chemical science of Dr. Jack son would be brought to improve the article used, or to produce a better quality of ether than could be found in the market; that his association with Dr. Morton would give immediate character to the discovery, and his future advice might be of great service to Dr. Morton.

do so.

My views seemed to strike Dr. Morton very favorably, and he acquiesced in them.

Here I would remark that he (Dr. M.) had never informed me of any experiments with ether, which I have since understood he made previous to his obtaining advice in relation to it from Dr. Jackson. This I can readily account for, as I saw very little of him, from the 21st to the 27th of October, the latter being the day on which the papers for the application for the patent were executed by the parties.

Dr. M. was so much engaged in his discovery and business of dentistry, that I found it exceedingly difficult, if not impossible, to obtain an audience with him. His office was constantly thronged with persons in waiting to consult him on professional and other business. Had Dr. Morton, during this time, stated to me what I have since read in the affidavits of Dr. G. G. Hayden, Messrs. W. P. Leavitt, T. R. Spear, Jr., and F. Whitman, I am confident I never should have advised him to associate Dr. Jackson in the discovery or patent, as I should have concluded that his friendly intimacy with Dr. Jacksor, had led him to visit him, as the readiest manner of obtaining certain chemical information respecting ether and its properties, which might be found in various scientific or medical works not conveniently accessible to him.

I should have considered that the idea of using ether was an original one with Dr. Morton; that he had, by a practical application of it, made the discovery that it would annul pain under the operation of a surgical instrument; had been the first to publish this to the world, and under peculiar circumstances, in which he had developed much of that remarkable energy of character we often find to belong to most great inventors, who are generally obliged to stem a powerful current of difficulties and risks, in order to impress on the community the importance of their discoveries. With such views, I do not hesitate to affirm that I should have accorded the discovery to him.

thinks so, that settles the matter with me. I have no objections to signing the papers with Dr. Morton." I think I give nearly, if not exactly, the words made use of by him.

I would here remark, that I had found Dr. Jackson tinctured with old and exploded prejudices against patents, and I labored to remove them. So successful was I, that he subsequently informed me that, after a consultation with a distinguished chemist at the south, he had resolved to secure every invention he might hereafter make; and, in accordance with such views, he sent me the specification of an alleged improvement in preparing a certain article for dentistry purposes, with the view of filing a caveat and taking out a patent on the same. His disinclination to associate with Dr. Morton, in a patent, arose from no disposition, ever evinced to me, to give the public a gratuitous use of the discovery. The most important objection to his taking out a patent arose from what he supposed would be the action of the Massachusetts Medical Association.

In conclusion, I would remark that I have endeavored to state a few facts relative to the early discovery of the effect of sulphuric ether in surgical operations. In doing so, I am influenced by no other motives than to render justice to whom it may be due. It is a matter of indifference to me to whom the world may ultimately accord the merit of being its benefactor for having given to it the great discovery in question. Dr. Jackson has been my personal friend for many years. With Dr. Morton, I have had, comparatively, but little acquaintance, never having seen or known him previous to my introduction to him while he resided in the family of Dr. Jackson. My sympathies would naturally tend towards Dr. Jackson; but personal friendship, private character, or scientific attainments, are matters which, it seems to me, ought not to prejudice me or any one else in favor of or against either of the claimants, when judging of the merits of their respective claims.

Yours respectfully,

R. H. EDDY.

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JOHN P. BIGELOW, Justice of the Peace. On this subject of the patent, the trustees, after regretting the attempt to secure an exclusive right, remark as follows:-" Dr. Jackson's name would not have been associated in the patent, but at the instigation of R. H. Eddy, Esq., the commissioner, who has publicly avowed that he acted under a mistaken apprehension of facts, and now On Tuesday morning, the 27th of October, Drs. awards to Dr. Morton the sole honor of the disMorton and Jackson executed the papers for the covery, which at the time he supposed might fairAmerican patent. While Dr. Jackson was passing ly be regarded as a joint one. Mr. Eddy's intelfrom his office to my own, I informed him that I ligence and truthfulness, and his sincere friendship had seen Dr. Gould, and he had shown me the laws to Dr. Jackson, are well known in this community." of the Medical Association; that Dr. G.'s opinion and mine coincided as to what was meant in them Mr. Eddy's was a legal duty. He felt himby the prohibition of secret remedies; that such self bound to secure the legal validity of the could not be patented ones, as they (the latter) could patent at all events; to give his client not only a not be secret. He replied, "Well, if Dr. Gould good patent, but one which would be undisputa

ble. Mr. Eddy overrated, as he says, Dr. Jack-fore applied to Dr. Jackson to sign the necessary son's share in the discovery, and, under this mis- papers. At first he consented, then suggested take, advised Dr. Morton that the patent would that he should have the same percentage that he not be good unless Dr. Jackson was included in had received here. Mr. Eddy was clear in his the application; the principle being, that an ex- opinion that Dr. Jackson had no interest, and told clusive patent is not valid, if any person joining him so; but Dr. J. insisting, and there being no in the discovery does not join in the application. time to spare, it was agreed that the papers should Dr. Morton replied that he did not know what be sent, and that if the question of Dr. Jackson's right Dr. Jackson had in it. As a general ques-right to any compensation could not be settled betion, Dr. Morton had no doubt that he alone was tween the parties, it should be left to referees. the discoverer. But the present was a legal, a In the early part of November, Dr. Jackson was technical question, upon which he was not quali- absent about a week or ten days, and returned on fied to judge. How far the advice Dr. Jackson the 14th. In the mean time, Dr. Henry J. Bigelow had given him, which aided him in the discovery, read his paper before the American Academy, and required, on principles of patent law, which are the third and decisive experiment had been tried chiefly statutory, that Dr. Jackson should be in- at the hospital. On the 15th, Mr. Eddy called on cluded in the application-this he must leave for Dr. Jackson, and then for the first time, as Mr. Mr. Eddy to decide. Mr. Eddy further suggested, Eddy assures us, Dr. Jackson claimed the entire that in case the validity of the patent should be con-discovery as his own. Mr. Eddy was astonished tested, any third party could make trouble for Dr. Morton, by insisting on Dr. Jackson's being, in however small a degree, a joint discoverer. Mr. Eddy further urged that by this arrangement Dr. Jackson would have a motive for giving his attention to the subject, and bringing his scientific skill to bear in preparing the ether, and modifying the apparatus, so that the patentees could keep in advance of improvements that might be made by others. Overborne by this reasoning, Dr. Morton assented to Mr. Eddy's proposal.

The manner in which he was led to this, and the mistake of facts under which the advice was given, are quite sufficient to show that Dr. Morton is not estopped, legally or morally, from maintaining the ground he has always taken on the general question, that he is the only discoverer, in the true sense of the word

He

But it is far otherwise with Dr. Jackson. knew that Dr. Morton had applied for an exclusive patent, and offered no objection, but was satisfied with making a charge for professional advice. At Dr. Morton's request the payment of this charge was made to depend on the success of Dr. M.'s patent. The idea of a right in the patent came only from the partiality and legal caution of his friend, Mr. Eddy. Adopting this suggestion, he not only made no objection to Dr. Morton's being joined in the application, but was glad to be included in it himself, even at the lowest rate of compensation.

The following statement of the subsequent history of the patent, is taken from minutes made by Mr. Eddy, while the transactions were fresh, and has been read to him, and pronounced to be correct. After Dr. Jackson had signed the application, and released all the claim he might have to Dr. Morton, for ten per cent. of the profits, Mr. Eddy took steps to procure a patent in foreign countries. On examining the law of France, he became satisfied that until the patent was granted here, one could not be obtained in France, except on joint application. It would not do to wait for the patent from Washington, as the application should go in the next steamer, of the 1st November. He there

beyond measure at this, and reasoned with Dr. Jackson upon it, but to no purpose.

On the 16th of Nov., the steamer was to sail for Europe. On the morning of that day, Dr. Jackson and his attorney, F. B. Hays, Esq., called on Mr. Eddy, and demanded for Dr. Jackson a certain per centage in the European patents. Mr. Eddy declined to grant it. He was then told that unless it was granted, Dr. Jackson would send a communication to Europe by the steamer of that day, which he had already prepared, that would defeat the European patents altogether. After a long discussion, to avoid the obstruction Dr. Jackson might throw in the way of the patent, Mr. Eddy agreed to allow Dr. Jackson ten per cent. of his half in the European rights, leaving him to make what arrangement he could with Dr. Morton. This agreement was then distinctly made: that Dr. Jackson should not send any communication whatever to Europe, or interfere with the present state of things; that Mr. Eddy should allow him ten per cent. of his half of the foreign patents, the arrangement with Dr. Morton to be matter of subsequent agreement, or arbitration.

It is understood that Mr. Hays and Dr. Jackson interpret the proposition to have been, ten per cent. of the whole, from each half owner, being twenty per cent.; while Mr. Eddy says it was ten per cent. of each half, being ten per cent. of the whole.

On the faith of this agreement, Dr. Morton acted. He erased from his pamphlets and circulars, all language relating to the credit of the discovery, and simply styled himself the patentee. He issued and distributed in America and Europe, at great expense, circulars, giving full accounts of the scientific bearings of the discovery, and cer[tainly much valuable information; and in them studiously suppressed all allusions to the merit of the discovery. And when urged, by persons of the highest authority, to put forward a full statement, he replied that he was bound, by his agreement, to await a decision of arbitrators.

While Dr. Morton was pursuing this course, in the latter part of January, or the early part of

It is needless to say to any persons within the range of Mr. Loring's extended reputation, that he did not know, when conducting this negotiation, of the step Dr. Jackson had taken as to the French Academy.

February, the news came from Europe, that a all parties large sums of money for their united copaper had been read by M. Elie de Beaumont, operation. before the Academy of Sciences at Paris, in which this discovery was announced as that of Dr. C. T. Jackson, of Boston; Dr. Morton's name not being even mentioned, and all the experiments, at the hospital and elsewhere, stated as made by the request and direction of Dr. Jackson. Still more were the intimate parties astonished, to find that this communication was made from a letter from Dr. Jackson himself to M. Elie de Beaumont, dated Nov. 13th, and sent out to Europe after, and in direct violation of, the agreement with Mr. Eddy.

When the report of Dr. Jackson's communication to the French Academy reached Boston, Dr. Morton, as may well be supposed, was extremely indignant. Now, for the first time, he set himself about collecting the evidence, showing the true history of the discovery. Some attempts were then made at an agreement, for the second time, and

His letter is long, but all that relates to the Dr. Morton, on the faith of them, suspended his present subject is as follows:

I ask leave to communicate, through you, to the Academy of Sciences, a discovery which I have made. I have latterly put it to use, by inducing a dentist of this city to administer the vapor of ether to persons from whom he was to extract teeth. I then requested this dentist to go to the General Hospital of Massachusetts, and administer the vapor of ether to a patient about to undergo a painful surgical operation; the result was, &c., [describing the three operations and their effects.]

The gross injustice of entirely suppressing Dr. Morton's name, and claiming the sole credit of the discovery, and of the experiments at the hospital, created no little indignation, and was the first thing that decidedly changed the sympathies of many who had heretofore endeavored to favor Dr. Jackson, and had thus, though unintentionally, done some injustice to Dr. Morton.

publication. During the last week of February, he was engaged with Mr. Hays in attempts at making an agreed statement of facts, to be signed by both parties, which should put the question at rest; and thus lost another opportunity to send his statement, of which, as we shall see, Dr. Jackson had availed himself.

Pending this attempt at an arrangement, it seems that the Hon. Edward Everett and Dr. J. C. Warren had addressed a private letter to Dr. Jackson, suggesting to him the propriety of stating to the American Academy, at its next meeting, the nature of this discovery and its scientific bearings. This they did as a private matter, from one member of the academy to another, and not at all intending to recognize any exclusive claims in Dr. Jackson as the discoverer.

On the 1st day of March, before the meeting of the academy, there appeared in the Daily AdverIn the mean time, not suspecting this step of tiser a long letter, purporting to have been read Dr. Jackson's, Mr. Eddy, in behalf of Dr. Morton, before the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, had, on the 23d Nov., proposed a settlement of by Dr. C. T. Jackson, and apparently carrying with Dr. Jackson's share in the European rights. Dr. it the sanction of the academy, with the names of Jackson referred him to Charles G. Loring, Esq., Edward Everett, Dr. John C. Warren, and others, as his senior counsel and adviser. Mr. Loring well known in Europe. Dr. Jackson sent a numwas very much engaged before the supreme court, ber of papers to Europe by the steamer of that day, then in session, and the negotiations were delayed. and there can be no doubt that his object in printOn the 28th of January, Mr. Loring, in conjunction ing it on that day was to send the letter, at once, with Mr. Hays, wrote a letter in behalf of Dr. Jack-and in the most convenient form, to Europe. In son, addressed to Dr. Morton and Mr. Eddy, from which we make the following extracts.

Europe, this letter was universally considered as giving the sanction of the academy to Dr. JackIt seemed best that the differences between Dr. son's claims, and created a tide of opinion in his Jackson and yourself should not be made public; favor which Dr. Morton could not stem, and which on the contrary, that it should be generally under- was only checked by the subsequent news, even stood the difficulties were in the course of adjust- now, perhaps, not generally diffused, that the letter ment. *** We have uniformly said, when inquired | had never, in fact, been read before the academy, of, that we were making arrangements that we nor officially called for. hoped would distribute the profits of the discovery in such a manner as would be satisfactory to all parties.

Under the present circumstances of the case, we think the least that, in justice to yourselves and Dr. Jackson, you can offer, is 25 per cent. of the profits arising from the invention, both at home and abroad, in settlement of his claim upon you.

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The academy did not print Dr. Jackson's letter among its transactions; all responsibility for it was distinctly disavowed, and his printing it was severely commented upon. Mr. Everett, in his letter to Dr. Morton, says, "I need scarce say that my recommendation to Dr. Jackson to address a paper on the Jubject to the American Academy, can in no degree It is our wish to settle the matter amicably, if be regarded as giving the sanction of that body to possible. We hope you will see, by our sugges- his statements. It is a standing regulation of the tions, that we wish only to have a fair distribution of the profits of a discovery made among those who academy not to assume any responsibility for either cannot, if they disagree, effectually sustain the pa-opinions or facts set forth in the memoirs subtent; and which, if sustained, promises to give to mitted to it. And, if this were otherwise, it is

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