at Buffington Island on the 18th of July. A fight ensued in which Morgan's loss was heavy and flight was his only salvation. Soon the enemy were getting so numerous that every avenue of escape was cut off, and on the 26th of July he surrendered the remainder of his little band near New Lisbon in Columbiana county.

Morgan and his followers were all sent to the Ohio penitentiary at Columbus for safe-keeping, but on November 7th Morgan and six of his men made their escape by means of an air passage which they reached by digging with their table knives.

Having been provided with money these escaped prisoners of war purchased tickets for Cincinnati. All night long they rode on the train constantly fearing that they would be discovered. As the train pulled into Cincinnati they set some brakes, and as the train slowed up they dropped off and, making for the Ohio river, they hired a boy to row them across the river where they were free.

Many amusing stories are told of the incidents connected with Morgan's raid. One boastful coward, seeing Morgan approach, ran to the hog-pen to hide and concealed himself behind a large mother hog which was suckling her young. When discovered by a gallant Southern

trooper he was asked how he came to be there, and if they all came in the same litter.

Another individual who was a terrible stammerer had often boasted of what he would do in case Morgan should come. At last Morgan came, and he was ordered to surrender. Не held both hands high above his head and said, "I-i-i s-s-s-surrendered f-f-f-five m-m-m-minutes a-a-a-ago."

In another instance a Southern sympathizer, known as copperheads, had been relieved of a number of good horses. After Morgan had left, he hitched up a horse to a small wagon and started in pursuit of Morgan. When he overtook the raiders he was informed that they could not have time to hear his complaints until evening when they camped. As some of the men had lost their horses and were very tired he was asked to let some of the men ride in his wagon. He replied that he could not ride a horse, and in turn was informed that he could walk. After walking a while he complained of his boots hurting his feet, so Morgan ordered them removed and he was compelled to walk along in his stocking feet while another man wore his boots.

At night when they camped he was taught to sing a southern song and was compelled to dance to his own music. The raiders would enliven

the scene by shouting, "Go it, old Yank! Louder." At last the commanding officer ordered a skinny old horse hitched to his wagon, and giving him three other worn out jades he was allowed to depart.

Chapter XIV

FARM LIFE IN OHIO

NDIVIDUALS are products of their respective environments; and it is little wonder

that the early farmer in Ohio, who from necessity withdrew from society, and led a solitary life, should, on account of his environment, become queer and eccentric. But such is no longer his lot; his advancement has been most rapid, and to-day, in many localities he surpasses his city friend in both culture and wisdom.

It needs no argument to prove that the physical, moral and mental condition of the tiller of the soil in all parts of the state, is far in advance of that of the same class in past generations. In no occupation has there been greater development of labor-saving machinery. The farmer preparing the soil for the receipt of grain by the use of a sulky plow, must of necessity be a higher organism than he who scratched the ground's surface with a crooked stick or even a grubbing hoe. And the rate of development of the man must always be in advance of the development of the tools used by him, as they are simply an index to the inner man.