of the cable, thus completely encased in a shining coat of galvanized iron, and divested of tar and dirt, is quite lustrous and silvery. The entire weight of the cable thus completed was about 200 tons. The actual submersion of the great cable took place on the 25th of October, 1851. Our engraving represents the process adopted for submerging the coil. The huge coils were arranged on board Her Majesty's ship Blazer, towed by the steamship Fearless. One end of the cable being secured to the beach, on the South Foreland coast, the Fearless then steamed ahead-having made fast her towing tackle to the hull of the Blazer-at the rate of two miles an hour out to sea, the men on board the latter vessel paying out continuously the cable over her stern, from whence, by the action of its own weight, it sank into the submarine sand and valley. The track between South Foreland and Sandgate-the corresponding point on the French coast, and which was selected as presenting, from soundings and surveys, the fewest obstacles and probable disturbances-was marked out by the pilot bucys as the best site for the submerging of the wire that could be adopted by those having the best knowledge of naval and marine dynamics. The depth of the sea line at starting point was from 20 to 30 feet, and its maximum depth 180 feet, or 30 fathoms. At intervals during the progress, fusees were fired, and messages sent along the wires, in order to test the perfectness of the connection and insulation. The distance from coast to coast was 21 miles, and the length of wire provided for, 24 miles; yet, notwithstanding the surplus wire, the line was found, on nearing the French coast, to be wanting in length for a distance of more than a mile. This mishap of the cable running short arose from the fact that, while the Blazer was being towed by the Fearless at only two miles an hour, the cable, at certain intervals, was run out at the rate of four and five miles an hour, which necessarily caused it, from want of regularity in the delivery motion, to take the sea bottom in a series of loops or "kinks;" thus accounting for each mile of cable not covering its allotted mile of sea. The vessels were, therefore, compelled to remain anchored at the end of the submerged wire until the deficit should be manufactured and forwarded. This was, however, soon effected, and the connection between the two coasts rendered firm and complete. The connections with the inland telegraphs of England and France were soon afterwards made; and the line is now in practical working order, messages having been transmitted and returned from London to Paris in less than three minutes. The success of the telegraph between England and France has, to some extent, revived the project of a transatlantic one between Europe and the United States. The "Morning Post," in discussing the subject, says that the only difficulty of the undertaking is to provide the requisite funds. Making an estimate for a wire rope, one inch in diameter, covered as usual, the cost would be £50 per mile, and the nearest points of Europe and America being 2,000 miles apart, the whole expense would not exceed half a million sterling. The importance of such a work is not to be estimated by millions. The Submarine Telegraph Company has offices at Cornhill. There were many persons present at the opening of the direct telegraphic route between Cornhill and Paris, and yet there were comparatively few of them who could not remember the starting of the first seagoing steamer-but some, perhaps, who could not recollect the inauguration of the first railway, and not one who might not be able to call to mind the time when Faraday first compelled the sly spark to twinkle forth from the reluctant magnet. The interest attached to the proceedings arose from the circumstance that, though a telegraphic communication has existed for some time between London and Paris by means of the submarine electric telegraph in connection with the wires on the Dover line and those on the Northern of France, yet that this was the first attempt to speak direct to Paris from Cornhill by the wires of the Submarine Telegraph Company, and the European and American Telegraph Company, which have laid down a line of wires along the mailcoach road from London to Dover, where it is connected with the submarine cable, and thence is brought into commu nication with the French line to Paris. MUSICAL PHRASES WHICH OCCUR IN MODERN AUTHORS. SACRED QUOTATIONS. HOME. movement as at first. Come tempo del tema. ment as the theme. Same degree of move Cantabile, ornamenti ad libitum, ma più tosto pochi e buoni. In a singing style, with embellishments at will, but few and well chosen. Com abbandono ed espressione. With self-abandon ani expression. Con brio al animato. Animated and brilliant. Con Sva ad libitum With octaves at pleasure. Crescendo ed incalcando poco a poco. Greatly augmenting the power and increasing the time. Crescendo poco a poco. Increasing the sound by degrees. Crescendo e poi diminuendo. then diminishing the sound. Increasing and Da capo senza repetizione e poi le coda. Begin sgain, but without any repetition of the strain. and then proceed to the coda. Dolce con gusta. Sweetly and tastefully. Dolce e lusingando. In a delicate and insinuating style. Dolce e piacevolmente espressivo. Soft and with pleasing expression. Dolce ma marcato. Delicately, but still sufficiently marked. FF principalmente il basso. Very loud, especially the bass. The Il terzo dite a tutte le notte di basso. third finger on all the notes in the bass. Istesso valore, ma un poco più lento. The same duration, but rather slower. L'istesso tempo poi a poi di nuovo vivente. The same time, with gradually increasing anima tion. Piano, sempre staccato e marcato il basso. Soft, with the bass always well marked and detached. Poco a poco più di fuoco. With gradually increasing animation and fire. Poco a poco crescendo, decrescendo. Louder, softer, by degrees. Po a poi tutte le corde. All the strings, one after another. An expression used in playing the grand piano-forte. Segue subito senza cambiare il tempo. Proceed directly and without changing the time. Segue senza interruzione. Go on without stopping. Empre piano e ritenuto. Always more and more soft, and falling off in the degree of move ment. Sempre più decrescendo e più rallentando. Gradually softer and slower. Sempre più forte..... louder to the fortissimo. all mo. Louder and THE private path, the secret acts of men, EXAMPLE strikes FROM yon lowly roof, whose curling smoke FATHERS alone a father's heart can know; AND say to mothers what a holy charge Her pious love excell'd to all she bore; And silent stood his children by, Of thoughts o'er-sweeping death. MRS. HEMANS. SWEET is the smile of home; the mutual look The haunt of all affections pure; USEFUL RECEIPTS. To make old Silk Gowns look like new.—The best method, and one that is employed by milliners, is to sponge over the outside of the dress with a The strong and cold infusion of black tea. dress should afterwards be ironed on the wrong side.-K. To Clean Decanters.-Rinse the bottles, and put a piece of lighted coarse brown piper into each: then place the stoppers or corks in, and when the smoke disappears wash the bottles clean. This will remove all stains, but if the decanters are very dirty, this process should be repeated until they are fit for use.-ABEGA. To Wash Flannels.-Put the flannel into a pan and pour boiling water upon it. Then make a lather as hot as the hands can bear, take the flannel and wash it as quickly as possible. Done in this way, flannel remains almost as soft as new, and is of a good colour.-W. R. Bath. most eagerly to again feed on it. This suggests a mode of freeing any piece of ground of the insect. You have only to place over little heaps of bran, pieces of broken pipe, or pots or vessels of any kind, which may shelter the food from the rain, and your work is done. The suauis will congregate below, and you can in a short time destroy multitudes of them. Water-proof Boots.-On this subject, a correspondent of the Gardener's Chronicle, says, "The method I have found effectual is to saturate the boots with solution of Caoutchouc (Indianrubber), till they will absorb no more, at intervals of a week, without needing to leave a coating on the surface. With this I have walked through the bogs of Dartmoor for hours together, and days in succession, without the least leakage. But it is water-tight both ways; thoroughly done. The solution was made with the perspiration does not escape when it is an ounce of India-rubber in a pint of spirits of turpentine, or coal naptha, kept warm, and occasionally stirred till dissolved, which takes can be done in a few hours; but it can now be purchased, in large towns, ready prepared." To Ascertain whether a Horse has good Sight.-three or four days. In a boiling water bath it Examine the size of the pupil of the eye in a dull light, then gradually expose it to a brighter one, and observe whether it contracts or not; if it does, the horse can see, and according to the amount of the contraction will be the keenness of his sight.-M. To take Impressions of Butterflies' Wings.-Clip the wings off the butterfly. Lay them on clean paper, in the form of a butterfly, when flying. Spread some thick clean gum water on another piece of paper, press it on the wings, and it will take them up; lay a piece of white paper over it, and rub it gently with your finger. Then draw the body in the space left between the wings. Receipt for Joining Glass.-Melt a little isinglass in spirits of wine, and add a small quantity of water. Warm the mixture gently over a moderate fire. When mixed by thoroughly melting it will form glue perfectly transparent, and which will re-unite broken glass so nicely and firmly that the joining will scarcely be perceptible to the most critical eye. Lime mixed with the white of an egg forms a very strong cement for glass, porcelain, &c., but it must be done neatly, as, when hard, the superfluous part cannot easily be smoothed or taken off.Scientific American. To Loosen the Stoppers of Smelling-bottles.If the stopper is firmly fixed by means of the salts contained within the bottle, do not attempt to strike the stopper, but add as much citric acid to water as it will take up, thus making what chemists term a saturated solution; or else pour some vinegar into a tumbler, aud immerse the bottle in the solution or vinegar. In the former case a citrate of ammonia will be formed, and in the latter case an acetate of ammonia. After the bottle has remained in the tumbler a snort time, remove it to a basin of warm water and it will soon be released.-K. To get rid of Snails -Snails are most unquestionably very troublesome and destructive in a garden. They are very fond of bran, or the outer skin of wheat, and when this food is placed out for them, they leave it as seldom as possible, and when they do retire for a time they return Artificial Malachite.-When a solution of sulphate of copper is precipitated in the cold by carbonate of soda or potash, the precipitate is at first voluminous, and of a blue colour, but left for awhile and then washed, it becomes more dense and of a green colour, and has the composition of green malachite as found in nature. A sort of malachite, it is also said, may be obtained by the re-action of coarse porous limestone on a solution of nitrate of silver, marking twelve or fifteen degrees, and, when the action ceases, by plunging the mass into a solution of an alkaline bi-carbonate, marking five or six degrees. The piece of limestone in the first case becomes covered with sub-acetate of copper, and this sub-acetate, in the next step, changes to malachite; or, if prolonged, te a double carbonate of copper and soda. malachite is in small silky globules. The A Manufacturer's mode of taking Wax Impressions.-Messrs. Hyde and Co., wax-makers of Fleet-street, give the following directions how to burn red sealing-wax. In burning red wax, be careful to hold the stick on the paper. First, wet the paper under the lappet of envelope (this renders the seal more adhesive), drop some hot wax on the part wetted, and press down the lappet, re-light your stick of wax, hold it on the paper whilst it burns, turning the wax round one way only; when sufficient melted wax is obtained, make the impression, and the colour will be a bright vermilion. How to Melt white or tinted Sealing Wax.-White or tinted wax must not be flamed. It can be easily melted by holding the stick above the flame, turning it round quickly to prevent the wax from dropping on to the taper. How to make a Seal with white or tinted Wax.-Wet the paper under lappet of envelope, drop some hot wax on the part wetted, press down the lappet, hold the stick again above the flame, get sufficient melted wax for the seal, turn it round once or twice on the paper, impress your seal whilst the wax is hot, and a brilliant tiut is obtained. RIDDLES. IT may be asked, What is a riddle?-Ah! what is it? That's just the rub! Well, then, it is a queer affair, without shape, size, humanity, compassion, breath, or sex. It is caressed, abused, courted, slighted, jostled, hostled, -and, notwithstanding all that is said against it, universally looked upon as a welcome guest when it is not in a dull mood. The oldest riddle on record is that put forth by Samson (Judges xiv. 14)- Out of the eater came forth meat, and out of the strong came forth sweetness. His solution is well known, as it is explained in the same chapter. No doubt there are many riddles which should have been handed down to posterity, that deserved this distinction,- but that ascribed to Cleobulus, one of the seven wise men of Greece, deserves to be recorded; it is said to have been Composed B.C. about 570 years. "There is a father, with twice six sons; these sons have thirty daughters a-piece, party-coloured, having one cheek white and the other black, who never see each other's face, nor live above twentyfour hours." His solution was "The Year." How we have puzzled and puzzled again over some of the good old riddles of yore, and when their solutions have been whispered, half in mirth and half in fear at our wrath, we have laughed at our very stupidity, and wondered how any person could fail to discover them. What a batch now crowd upon us-'tis fearful to contemplate! But we shail dash them off as they pass in review, commencing with 1. M. VOLTAIRE'S RIDDLE.-What is the longest, and yet the shortest thing in the world; the swiftest, and the most slow; the most divisible, and the most extended; the least valued, and the most regretted; without which nothing can be done; which devours everything, however small, and yet gives life and spirit to all things, however great? Here are some more, guess them if you can! 2. In what tree would you secure a valuable article? 3. You eat me, you drink me, deny it who can ! I'm sometimes a woman, and sometimes a man. 4. From an exalted youth my name I take, He, 'tis believed, was form'd like other men, I have no legs, though oftentimes I move, 5. We often divide, but we do not disagree; and yet when we fall out, we are not likely to be again in union; the most sprightly generally show us most, but monks and aldermen are believed to put us to more frequent use. 6. My first communicates to the human race various emotions; my second retains what is gross and rejects what is delicate; my whole is reflective. ENIGMAS. Do you like Enigmas? well, here are some. 1. If you name me, a letter will suffice, but I am a troublesome thing, and not easily caught; spell me, and you need only two letters, small and near ; I am sweet, and caressed; avoided, and with cause: Solomon envied me, and I am held up as a model of industry. 2. 1 am but a word of five letters, and yet read the same backwards and forwards, and always maintain the same position, in whatever manner I am placed. 3. I only alone you only that Love one, are love one, one One, and she; one and be And you do and let me. TRANSPOSITIONS. 1. Though small I am, yet, when entire, I once contain'd all human kind. A cracker held close to a flame, I sound the same, I mean the same, 3. The staff of life I am complete, REBUSES. 1. You first must name an ancient king, And then a famous city: The initials join, and they will prove 2. A thing much dreaded in a school, EDITED BY HERR HARRWITZ. PROBLEM XIX.-By M. GROSDEMANGE. White to move, and mate in three moves. GAME XIX.-Played October the 29th, 1852, at Glasgow. 30. Q. takes R. P. White-Mr. Boyle. 1. K. P. 2. 2. K. B. P. 2. 3. K. Kt. to B. 3. 4. K. B. to Q. B. 4. 5. Castles. 6. Q. P. 2. 7. Kt. to K. (a) 8. Q. B. P. 1. 9. K. P. 1. (i) 10. Q. to Q. Kt. 3. 11. P. takes P. 12. K. Kt. to B. 3. 13. R. takes Kt. 4 R. to B. 15. Q. B. takes P. (c) 16. R. takes P. 17. Kt. to R. 3. 8. Q. R. to K. B Black-Mr. M'Combe. 1. K. P. 2. 2. P. takes P. 3. K. Kt. P. 2. 4. B. to K. Kt. 2. 7. Q. Kt. to B. 3. 8. K. Kt. to B. 3. 9. P. takes P. 10. Castles. 11. Kt. takes P. 12. Kt. takes Kt. ch. 17. Q. to Q. 7. (d) 19. R. takes Kt. 20. R. takes B. 21. R. to B. 22. K. to R. 23. Q. takes Q. K. P. 23. H. to K. 7. 24. B. takes B. 25. R. to K. Kt. 26. K. R. P. 1. 27. K. takes R. 28. K. to R. 2. 29. K. to R. 24. Q. takes B. 25. R. to Q. 8. 26. R. takes R. ch. 27. Q. to K. 8. ch. 28. Q. to K. 4. ch. 29. R. to K, 31. Kt. to Q. B. 2. 32. Q. to R S. ch. 33. Q. to K. B. 3. 30. Q. to K. Kt. 6. 31. R. to K.7. 32. K. to R. 2. 33. Q. takes Q., and wins. |