this to a bulkhead and fill in back of it to a little land was the hurricane which caused so much trouble in that area.

The academy certainly needs it, of course, but that was one thing that helped the academy get that.

Senator PAYNE. Centered a little more attention on it?

Mr. BLAKELEY. That's right.

Mr. BOURBON. What is the procedure followed? Does your recommendation automatically bring the funds or does the legislature then have to approve your recommendation?

Mr. BLAKELEY. Thank you, I meant to speak on that.

Our report is made to the budget commissioner and to the general court and right now we are in the process of having hearings with different departments on capital outlay and at each of those hearings we have the budget commissioner or the deputy budget commissioner and we have the technical adviser of the house ways and means committee at those hearings. So we report first to the budget commissioner, as the report states, and then we furnish a copy of the report to every member of the house and every senator before they pass on capital outlay and after the budget commissioner gives us the O. K. to release it.

Mr. BOURBON. Who requests the budget itself? Is it the Governor who makes the requests?

Mr. BLAKELEY. Yes; it is the Governor's budget. The requests are the basis of House 1 which is the Governor's budget. We have already given the budget commissioner the whole list of requests that have been made for fiscal 1957 so that he can start to make up that particular table in the Governor's House 1 budget.

Mr. BOURBON. You say you have had Mr. Sullivan and the other commissioners before you for 3 years. Would you say that the reception given to their requests by the budget people and by the others concerned reflected a really favorable attitude on the part of the State authorities toward the continuation and expansion of the Massachusetts Maritime Academy?

Mr. BLAKELEY. No; because they have not been sure of the Federal policy. But it is indicated that if we got the proper coordination and assistance then they would be favorable.

For instance, that dormitory that I mentioned was taken up particularly with the budget commissioner. His main reason for backing it, in addition to our recommendation was in the hopes of getting Federal assistance in building.

Mr. SULLIVAN. As a result of and as part of your recommendation a specific fund has been appropriated and that is known as capital outlay for fiscal 1956.

Mr. BLAKELEY. That is true, and here is a copy of the entire act. It is chapter 738 of the acts of 1955. The item 8256-11 which we have. called Massachusetts State project E-205 appropriates for the Massachusetts Maritime Academy, for the acquisition of land, for the preparation of plans for a dormitory, and for certain repairs and improvements to the property at Buzzards Bay, to be in addition to the amount appropriated in item 7713-01 of section 2 of chapter 756 of the acts of 1951, the amount of $90,000.

If I may comment on that, the amount to which this is in addition is $67,000 that we have not known what to do with between 1951 and

now.

Mr. BOURBON. So that there is a total of $157,000 that is represented there.

Mr. BLAKELEY. That is right.

Senator PAYNE. Of course, along about 1950 up until about 1953 if you had plans you could not have been able to do much about them because of the critical nature of certain supplies and materials that would go into construction. So that period is lost, anyhow, pretty generally.

Mr. BLAKELEY. It started a couple of years ago.

Senator PAYNE. Probably you could have gotten some priorities because of the type of training.

Mr. BLAKELEY. I think so.

Mr. SULLIVAN. On that I would like to comment. Since that period we have had money down there which we, even as commissioners, felt that we should not spend until there was some final determination of the Washington policy, whether we are to have one type of an institution or another type of an institution. We have shown today we have had an appropriation of $495,000 which we did not expend. We had a further appropriation of $65,000 that we did not expend, and we believe that that attitude on the part of the commissioners of having a desire not to expend must result in our having the confidence of the appropriating authorities of this Commonwealth.

That is unusual even in Massachusetts to have money to spend that you don't spend. That reflects itself.

Senator PAYNE. It is mighty noble.

Mr. SULLIVAN. But it does reflect itself. This year it took us, I think, fully 4 minutes for our full argument to get our appropriation of $360,000. So that we believe we have the confidence of the appropriating people because of the conservative manner in which the commissioners have testified during some of that period-I must add I was not a commissioner so that I am not speaking in behalf of myself or a present group-but that has been the general thing. I may add that the commissioners receive no compensation for their services which indicates that there is no desire for the continuation of the school for the mere purpose of seeking additional income from a "soft" job.

Now, unless there are further questions, we will excuse you, sir; thank you.

Furthermore, Mr. Hall Nichols, the director

Mr. WEBSTER. May I just interrupt to say that the only thing I think should be added is that the references made by the witness were to pages 31 and 32 of the table 3 which is the recommendations for capital improvements for the 5-year period, fiscal years 1956 through 1960. Since we will keep the entire report for our file I thought it would be helpful to have those pages mentioned in the record.

Mr. BOURBON. Now, I notice that your last provision for appropriation was 1957, wasn't that it, for the $250,000 for the laboratory and dormitory?

Mr. BLAKELEY. No, that was an appropriation for fiscal 1956. Mr. BOURBON. 1956. Well, does the fact that that is in a 5-year plan mean that there will be no more

Mr. BLAKELEY. You are talking about the dormitory now?

Mr. BOURBON. Does that preclude any further appropriation for

1958 or 1959 or 1960?

Mr. BLAKELEY. No, sir, I think I see what you mean. In the capital outlay report which we are now preparing we are recommending

the construction of the dormitory for the first year and that report is fiscal 1957 and there also are or may be other items in these other years.

Mr. BOURBON. But you are just handling 1957 now?

Mr. BLAKELEY. That is right, I did not bring with me what had been requested and what we are going to recommend. It really is not public information on what is to be recommended for the next 5 years until the budget commissioner passes on it.

I want to say one thing for Mr. Sullivan along the line of what he just said. There have been a number of times when he has been down at my office the very first thing in the morning to talk about various items that are needed and that he wants us to recommend. He has given us a lot of information and he gives his plans and drawings and sketches and he has been very very helpful.

Mr. SULLIVAN. Thank you, sir.

Senator PAYNE. Thank you very much, sir.

Mr. BLAKELEY. You are welcome.

Mr. SULLIVAN. We have now come down, Senator, to discuss our product. We have discussed the educational requirements, shown evidence of public acceptance of our graduates as being good citizens and proficient in their profession. We have also indicated that we are conceited enough to believe that we have the confidence of the cooperating groups in the State legislature as well as the appropriating groups themselves.

Mr. Bixby, who is the budget commissioner, had hoped that he could be here today, but they have a meeting of that long committee which Mr. Blakeley read off with which the Senator would be familiar, and that is our commissioner of administration and finance. had a meeting discussing this, and so forth.

They

Now, Mr. Hall Nichols, who is head of that, is at that same meeting with Mr. Bixby or he would be here. Both of them are prepared to write if the deputy has not sufficiently reflected what appears to be the view of that commission toward this academy.

I am now presenting two sheets, and on the first sheet are the number of applications received from a period 1949 up through the current 1955. And on the second page of it is the people who have received our degrees during the same period.

Senator PAYNE. Without objection these two sheets will be inserted and made a part of the record at this point so that in your remarks they will follow the information.

(The document referred to is as follows:)

Applicants for admission to Massachusetts Maritime Academy after it was authorized to grant bachelor of science degrees on May 18, 1946

The first class admitted as applicants for degrees was in the summer of 1946 and since that date degrees have been granted each year as follows:

Included in the above were former graduates who wished to have this addtional award after meeting the degree requirements.

Mr. SULLIVAN. This will show that our applications in 1951 were 345, in 1954 or 1955 they were down to 201 and 210.

From such analysis as we could make there is no lack of interest in the occupational and educational opportunity at the Massachusetts Maritime Academy but there is the fear on the part of the young men today who have a problem which was not a problem when the Senator and I were trying to get an education. That is, they are limited during a period in which they are able to have an education prior to selective service and they must not take chances of going to an institution for one year or a part of a year and find that there is the lack of Federal support which makes their future doubtful.

If there were some assurance that the young men who enter the academy can be permitted to stay there with Federal sponsorship I am certain that we would go back to getting 345 or more applicants for it.

Now, the lack of applicants and the same problem continues from the date until the boy is accepted to the academy. We have no way of giving them any assurance other than we feel that Congress would still continue to give the cooperation and assistance to the State academies as they have now for over eighty-some-odd years.

On page 2 we have the degrees granted each year including the former graduates, which is 559. If you will add the column of acceptances you will find that the number of acceptances is not as great as the number of graduates.

We are very proud of the fact that a few years ago we found that there was a handicap between the graduates of the academy who had diplomas and the graduates of the college who had degrees. So with the cooperation of Dr. Desmond and his collegiate board, we were given the privilege and opportunity of conducting a school that we call university extension so that our former students who merely had diplomas came back and did the required work so that they were able to get degrees from the Massachusetts Maritime Academy.

If my memory is correct, I think the number who have taken advantage of that is about 125, men of all ages included in graduates who came back to work for their degrees.

Now, some of the boys who were down there during the war period when they had the 90, 120-day wonders, who subsequently have gone to other colleges, Harvard, Tufts, Northeastern, Columbia, and ele where, have thought enough of the Massachusetts Maritime Academy that they came back and became students to earn a degree from the Massachusetts Maritime Academy. They thought this meant as much to them and more in their professional work than degrees from the so-called Ivy League. I think there is nothing further needed as evidence of the public's point of view and acceptance of the standard of education of the Massachusetts Maritime Academy.

Mr. BOURBON. Mr. Sullivan, when you say here applications received and some accepted and some rejected, what does it mean with regard to those who have been rejected? Did they take a written examination or were they given an oral test of some kind, or were their problems discussed with them by somebody connected with the Academy?

Mr. SULLIVAN. I am glad you asked that question.

Rejected is not a proper term. It should be "not accepted."

The policy of the Massachusetts Maritime Academy is that each year on or about March 15 we conduct what is known as a qualifying examination in which all applicants must take a written examination unless they can show to us evidence of college standard. We do also accept college board for scientific schools, we will accept successful examinations for Annapolis, Kings Point, Coast Guard Academy, or the so-called Holloway plan. We make no distinction between place of residence, and a man who is within the qualifying grade is interviewed and every candidate for the Massachusetts Maritime Academy is orally interviewed by the board of commissioners. It is not a mechanical thing. They are interviewed and they are questioned, and we seek to determine whether they are sincere in seeking this education for the purpose of following the sea or whether they are just going for a short ride. So the term there should not be "rejected," the term should be "not accepted," "not admitted."

Each candidate is then examined by the Navy and he is examined by the Coast Guard if he has not met the Navy standard. We seek in Massachusetts to admit a boy interested in the maritime training if he meets the standard, is high scholastically, if he will merely meet the Coast Guard standard.

As you may know, Mr. Senator, some of the academies, as a result of the Federal Maritime Administration rule on General Order 22, will not permit a boy to be subsidized at these colleges unless he meets the Navy's standard. We do not adopt that as a standard. Experience has indicated that if a boy has the ability, goes to sea and follows the sea, he goes in the Coast Guard in the time of a national emergency. He is part of the Navy and the Navy adopts the Coast Guard's standard for anyone whose proficiency meets the Coast Guard.

Also, if a man is in the merchant marine and has a proper standing, the Navy will accept him on his professional standing and waive the physical requirements. We are of the opinion that we are training basically for the merchant marine, so we will accept any boy whose scholastic standard warrants his consideration and we support him in full through State funds because of the failure of the Federal Government to recognize the desire of those boys to follow the sea.

Now, if there is one thing that can be helpful in the interest of the services it is that the money which is appropriated be made available for the boys who meet the Coast Guard standard of physical requirement and not exclusively the Navy's standard.

I think if you check with the Navy, sir, you will find that it is the Navy's policy the physical requirements for NROTC are higher than for immediate service in the Navy. They do that because the last figures we had showed there were 28,000 boys made application for the NROTC at a time when they were permitted to select less than 2,000. They can be choosy there. In those cases they are choosy. But we feel

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