if the former have acquired a victory over a base and grovelling appetite, (and what triumph so great?) may I not anticipate a similar result among my own countrymen?

"I have the honor to be, Sir, your very obedient Servant, “ALEX. B. HIGGINS.”

"St. Helier, Jersey, Dec. 21, 1831. “Gentlemen,—The accompanying Rules and Resolutions form the Constitution of the Jersey Auxiliary Temperance Society, and were adopted at a General Meeting held for that purpose on the 8th instant, (the day after that appointed by the local authorities for a public Fast) of which the newspaper herewith transmit ted will give you a more particular account.

"Before the establishment and progress of this Society can be duly appreciated, it will be necessary to state the peculiar circumstances and difficulties which it has to encounter.

"The public revenue of this island is derived from the impôt on wines and spirits, of which the former yields a very trifling proportion in comparison with the latter. Hence as there are no customs and taxes on any other commodities, no deficiency in the revenue can be compensated as in England, by a greater consumption of other exciseable articles. Notwithstanding the productive nature of the impôt, the price of spirits is so low that a bottle of good brandy is sold for 9d. and one of an inferior quality may be had for 7d. The number of public houses and of retailers of spirits is in consequence so great, that it is calculated one-eighth part of the inhabitants of St. Helier (amounting to about 15,000) are engaged in the traffic. From these data the extent of intemperance, and of the evils resulting from it may readily be believed to be very great. To counteract these, it has been resolved to try the experiment which has been attended with such success in America, though it will be observed that it cannot produce corresponding results in this place without the destruction of existing interests, public and private, in proportion to its progress. This threatened danger has not, as will be perceived, deprived the Society of the patronage of the three head authorities of the island, military, civil, and ecclesiastical. The large room, also, in which the meeting was held, was crowded beyond precedent; and although only fifty came forward to sign, yet considering the opposition which might be expected from the above causes, the number may be viewed as highly encouraging. The number has now increased to about 120, and there is every prospect of its steady advance. The two weekly meetings which have been held, in accordance with our Rules, were very numerously attended, and a very high degree of interest was manifested in the proceedings of the evening, which have tended greatly to further the objects of the institution.

"We have the honor to be, gentlemen, your most obedient servants,

T. W. HARRISON,

H. GEARY,

JOHN LE BER,

"Secretaries of the British and Foreign Temperance Society.”

Licenses.

Nothing can exhibit in a stronger point of view the necessity of a reform in the habits of the people, than the fact, as stated by Dr. Cleland in his "Statistics of Glasgow," lately published. "The number of persons," he says, "licensed to sell spirituous liquors in the ten parishes of the city, being 1393, (in 1830,) and the number of families 19,467, gives one licensed person, or public-house, to 13% famlies. If the number of persons who retail spirituous liquors, without being able to obtain a license, were taken into account on the one hand, and the number of temperate families, who never use a public-house on the other, it may be said, that in this city there is at least one place where spirits are retailed for every twelve families!!!"-After such a statement, it will not be denied that the evil with which your Committee have to contend, is of the most fearful description; and they feel justified in calling upon all the sober and temperate portion of the community, to patronize establishments such as the Temperate Coffee-rooms, where intoxicating liquors are banished upon principle. There can be no excuse for friends of Temperance continuing to frequent public-houses, when other places are open for them; and if the places at present open become insufficient, the increasing demand will soon open others.

The comparative statement of the licenses, for last year and the present, is as follows:

1830. City and Royalty,

Lower Ward of Lanarkshire, 1072

1393 licenses.

2465

Being a decrease of Licenses in the present year, of

Extent of Intemperance.

96

It may not be an uninteresting document, to contrast the number of persons in the city of Glasgow and suburbs, who are employed in the production of malt and distilled liquors, with those who are occupied in the sale of nutritive articles of food. From the same source, we are informed that, in the city and suburbs, there are 2913 persons employed as brewers, distillers, and wholesale and retail dealers, to which may be added a proportion of 716 persons who are designated as "waiters in taverns, postboys, ostlers, and grooms.

There are engaged as bakers, confectioners, &c.

fleshers, fishmongers, and poulterers,
grocers and victuallers,
gardeners, fruiterers, &c.

Making a total of.

So that we have the humiliating spectacle of an equal number of persons employed in brewing, and distilling, and retailing liquors, as are occupied in all the other trades for the supply of nutritive food!

Surely the simple statement of facts such as these, is sufficient to exhibit the dreadful infatuation of the people of this country, who are wasting their energies, and expending their hard-earned profits, in the production and consumption of an article, which, viewed even in the most favorable light, is a useless luxury, and which ought rather to be branded as a pernicious indulgence and the very bane of our people's happiness and prosperity. (Glas. Temperance Society Record, vol. iii. p. 10.)

Into a single liquor shop in London, between the hours of eight and nine o'clock on Saturday night, there went for spirit 663 persons. This would make, in one hour, on each Saturday night in the year, 34,476; at three half-pence each, it would make £215. 98. 6d. spent for liquor in fifty-two hours. What then would be expended in all the other hours of a year, in a single shop, and that by no means the largest or most frequented in the city of London?

B. (P. 7.)

The title of "London Temperance Society" had been adopted, not as the most proper designation, but in deference to Societies which had been much earlier established, especially in America, Ireland, and Scotland. The Meeting at Exeter Hall had, however, brought together individuals who had taken a distinguished part in the formation of the important Temperance Societies of all these countries; and the Committee, at length, yielded to their combined solicitations; and, with the concurrence of the Patron and Vice Presidents of the Society, the name of "BRITISH AND FOREIGN TEMPERANCE SOCIETY" was adopted.

The Committee had conceived that the claim to a title implying priority and universality might justly be disputed by the philanthropists of America, who intrepidly forced the ranks of general and inveterate prejudice, and first raised to the world the standard of Temperance Societies; and to the honor of these

pioneers of our cause it should be recorded, that the change of name was pressed with pertinacity, at once the most courteous and constant, by one of the earliest advocates of the American Temperance Society-the Rev. Dr. Nathaniel Hewit, of Bridgeport, Connecticut-who had crossed the Atlantic, at the instance of some of the most liberal supporters of the American Temperance Society, for the simple purpose of promoting the establishment of a British and Foreign Temperance Society. He reached London only just in time to meet upon the platform of the General Meeting the friends of this Society, the existence of which was not known in the United States.

He had no sooner accomplished the peculiar object of his visit than he resolved to return to his pastoral charge in his own country; notwithstanding various invitations to enter into engagements peculiarly adapted to his inclination, and to his powerful talents of persuasion. (Annual Report Br. and For. Temp. Soc.)

C. (P. 7.)

Officers of the British and Foreign Temperance Society.

PATRON.

Right Hon. and Right Rev. the LORD BISHOP OF London.

VICE-PRESIDENTS.

Right Rev. Lord Bishop of Chester.

Right Rev. Lord Bishop of Sodor and Mann.

Right Hon. Lieut.-General Viscount Lorton.

Right Hon. Lord Calthorpe.

Right Hon. Lord Bexley.

The Very Rev. the Dean of Chichester.

Right Hon. the Lord Mayor.

Sir Thomas Baring, Bart., M. P.

Sir James Mackintosh, Bart., M. P.

Sir Matthew John Tierney, Bart., M. P.

Admiral Sir Richard Goodwin Keats, G. C. B.

Sir J. M'Gregor, M. D. Director-Gen. Army Med. Dep.

Major-General Sir G. B. Fisher, K. C. H.

Lieut.-General Sir Herbert Taylor, G. C. H.

Sir John Webb, Director-Gen. Med. Dep. Ordnance.
Sir John Richardson.

Philip Cecil Crampton, Esq. M. P., Solicitor-Gen. for Ireland
John Ivatt Briscoe, Esq., M. P.

Henry Drummond, Esq.

John Capper,

John H. Ramsbotham,

SECRETARIES.

Thomas Hartley,
N. E. Sloper.

HONORARY MEMBERS.

Hon. Reuben H. Walworth, Albany, New York, Chancellor of the State of New York, and President of the New York State Temperance Society.

Rev. Justin Edwards, D. D., Andover, Massachusetts.
Rev. Nathaniel Hewit, D. D., Bridgeport, Connecticut.
John Tappan, Esq., Boston, Massachusetts.

From the station in which they are placed, the Committee of the British and Foreign Temperance Society see a vast field for useful labor spread around, and extending before them. They have the enlivening hope, founded on successful experiment, of increasing the comforts of their fellow-countrymen,-of essentially assisting, upon a wide scale, the great manufacturing and commercial interests of this nation,-of giving an animating impulse to the prosperity of our vast colonies throughout the world,—and of promoting human happiness among all civilized nations.

În the Excise district, which comprehends Belfast, the consumption of whiskey, during the six months ending July 5, 1831, was less than that of the corresponding six months of last year by forty-five thousand gallons; being a diminution of more than one-third of the whole. The consumption of whiskey, in all Ireland, during the six months ending July 5, 1831, was less than that of the same six months of 1830 by 721,564 gallons.

In Scotland, the consumption of British spirits has uniformly increased till the present year. The Temperance Societies of that country comprise 43,000 members, and the consumption of British spirits for the six months ending July 5, 1831, fall short of that for the same six months of 1830, by 513,697 gallons. (British and Foreign Temperance Herald.)

D. (P. 8.)

Facts, condensed from the first Annual Report of the Maryland State Temperance Society, March, 1832.

The Warden of the Baltimore jail states that there were 2,322 persons committed to jail in the year ending November, 1831. Of these, 424 were in a state of actual intoxication when received, and in his opinion eight out of ten of the whole number were intemperate.

In Prince George's county (Md.) 144 persons, who have made themselves paupers and pensioners by intemperance, are supported by a direct tax upon the people, of $2,943.

In Annapolis, the capital of the State, $6,770 is paid by the people to support paupers and pensioners, made such by intemperance. This is about sixty per cent. more than is paid for the support of primary schools in the county.