crime at Hertford on the 9th ult. During his trial he conducted himself with great firmness, and concluded by calling God to witness his innocence, when his guilt was as clear as the sun at noon-day! He afterwards declared he was satisfied that he had had justice done him, and met his fate with a firmness and composure worthy of a better cause. A reprieve was received for his wretched fellow-criminal, whose doom has been changed to transportation for life. There seemed something that demanded attention to his case on the score of his having been his own accuser, and there is no doubt the body of Weare, but for him, would not have been discovered. On the other hand, he was as deeply imbued in guilt as the unfortunate man who was executed, and as richly deserved to share a like fate.

The Irish magistracy have begun to exercise a laudable degree of control over the conduct of the police constables. In Kilkenny one of these officials has been committed for trial charged with a most flagitious cutrage and attempt to murder a person named Bailey, into whose house he forced his way at night with a party of police-men. Another in King's county has been displaced for a needless exercise of power in shackling a person whom he had apprehended. The marvellous cure of the Irish devotee Miss O'Rork, by the miracle-working quack Prince Hohenloe, still occasions much conversation among the sensible part of the Catholics as well as Protestants. This humbug, (who should have followed his relation of the same name into Spain, that the double effect of sword and miracle might have aided the holy cause of the most holy of kings) seems endeavouring to gain a hold on more than the credulity of the superstitious. That priests of any persuasion should support such an impostor and endeavour to multiply the number of his dupes, is an afflicting fact for any country, and much more for one in the present circumstances of Ireland. If any of the Catholic clergy sincerely believe in these miracles, they are objects of pity; if they do not believe, but willingly aid them, they deserve to suffer as common disturbers of the peace of society, and invincible charlatans. The prospect of the approaching crop of potatoes is good, and the contracts of the navy victualling-board have been concluded advantageously; so that it is to be hoped there will be no immediate complaints of the population of Ireland suffering from famine.

The loan contracted by Austria is for 2,500,0001. the whole of which is to be appropriated to paying off the debt of that government to this country. The

price at which the subscribers receive their shares is 82 per cent. to be paid on behalf of the contractors generally, by the 10th of May, in five instalments. A person, designating himself Count de Wintz, has also been endeavouring to raise a loan in behalf of the Greek government, on the credit of the revenues of the Island of Cyprus, now in the hands of the Turks!-the amount to be 800,000. It does not appear, however, that this person had any authority for the purpose from the Greek government; but that his security must have been conquered from the Turks, who now hold it; and the Count, who is a Montenegrin and an adventurer, and has served the Austrians, after making every possible exertion, could not realize his Utopian plans. Mr. Bowring, in the process of his duty as secretary to the Greek committee, denied the authority of De Wintz to raise loans for the Greeks.

The ship William, which has arrived at the port of Plymouth from Brest, brought intelligence, that during the time she remained there, fourteen foreign vessels (Russian, Prussian, Swedish, &c.) delivered their cargoes of hemp, tallow, masts, oak timber, and plank, with every denomination of naval stores, into the arsenal. All bore the appearance of "busy preparation ;" and the artisans of the dock-yard were employed every Sunday, in addition to their regular working days. Eight sail of the line, five large heavy frigates, and four smaller, formed the squadron fitting out. frigates were quite ready for sea, and in Brest Water, exercising their men in striking yards and topmasts. The brigs and sloops were also ready for sea. If this intelligence be correct, the French must have some other view besides the escorting a few soldiers to their West Indian colonies.

The

The re-assessment of houses in different parts of the country by the tax surveyors, lately caused much dissatisfaction, especially after the window and other taxes had been recently remitted. The inhabitants of Woolwich,. Deptford, Greenwich and neighbourhood, held a meeting on the subject, and resolved to petition the Lords of the Treasury on the conduct of the surveyor of the district. Government has since shewn that it was entirely without its privity and concurrence that these attempts were made, and they have since been put a stop to. The tax-collectors, being paid by a per centage materially diminishing by the remission of the public burthens, seem to have made an effort to replace the deficiency in their profits by this measure.

James Such, a student of the University of Cambridge, has been sentenced to two years' imprisonment, on a charge of swindling. He had, it appears, written letters to different tradesmen, with fabricated names, ordering various articles. The novelty of the charge, and the respectability of the connexions of the accused, caused a considerable sensation.

An admiralty sessions was held on the 19th of December, but the trials were not of any considerable interest. Aaron Smith, accused of piracy, was acquitted. It appeared he had been captured by the pirates, and was compelled to act as he had done to save his own life.

On the 15th ult. the self-styled Constitutional Society obtained a verdict of guilty against Mr. J. Hunt, for publishing Lord Byron's parody on Southey's Vision of Judgment.

The Jupiter, of 60 guns, arrived a short time since at Portsmouth from Calcutta, whither she took Lord Amherst, the new Governor-general of India, and suite, who landed at the Presidency in good health on the 30th of July, after a pleasant passage of four months and fifteen days: the run from the Cape to Madras was done in the short space of thirty-three days.

The legislature of Tobago has acted more temperately than the other colonies, and has passed a bill for ameliorating the state of the slaves, in the spirit recommended by the British government. They have abolished the Sunday markets, and allowed Thursday in each week, out of crop, to the slaves, to cultivate their grounds and hold their markets. They have made the testimony of two negroes of character evidence against their masters, thus affording a singular contrast to the other islands. It is to be hoped that this conduct will not be lost sight of by the mother country, whenever an opportunity occurs to show the colonists there a token of her gratitude by some substantial benefit. A disposition, friendly to the views of government, prevails also in the island of St. Kitts. In the latter an important concession has already been made in the abolition of fines on manumissions; and steps are taking to remove the disabilities of the free coloured popnlation. Thus it is clear that the fear of insurrection and insubordination among the negroes is a bugbear used to deter the government of this country from redressing the wrong committed on humanity by its original permission of the slave-trade.

In Jamaica, a motion has been carried in the House of Assembly," That a Committee be appointed to inquire into, and report to the House, what steps are necessary to be taken in consequence of information received from the agent of this island, of the proceedings adopted by the House of Commons and his Majesty's ministers, in respect to slavery in the British colonies in the West Indies."

The Jamaica papers assert also, that the despatches of Lord Bathurst, temperate, and humane, and honourable as they were to the government at home, had, according to Mr. Hamden of Barbadoes, caused the late insurrection in Demerara!

The minister is sneered at, and styled "pious," and his proposals treated with scorn, though they only extended to what every friend of humanity would readily grant, and did not interfere with any question of property. A Mr. Barrett, in Jamaica, has threatened to separate from the control of the British government, and bas talked highly and arrogantly of colonial independence. And wherefore is all this ill blood exhibited, but in the support of principles that are a disgrace to human nature, a stain on the character of England, and that exhibit a picture of the West India planters drawn too much in the manner in which the friends of the proposed measures have delineated them? The English government, too, is accused of having sanctioned slavery in times past; this is true, but does it follow that it should persevere in doing ill, because in former times it had so acted? As well may the judges be now permitted to send witches to the stake, as they used to do, because there was once an act of the legislature for burning them. Perhaps the best step is, to proceed with those colonies which are willing to meet the proposed measures, and in a short time they will afford a triumphant contrast to the depraved opponents of the upright feelings of the British nation, in their better moral example, and the increase of strength, trade, and wealth; for these will most assuredly follow in the train of free labourers, and the reciprocity of the interests of master and servant.

From a report of the Society established at the Cape of Good Hope for the relief of the late settlers in Africa, their distress appears to be very great, and farther assistance is still absolutely necessary. No report has yet been printed in Great Britain, the present being published at Cape Town. It appears that the subscriptions received amounted to 3,913

ceasingly exerted. Several individuals, principally females, young and old, have been sentenced to various terms of imprisonment, redeemable on their paying sums of money annually: an excellent mode of filling the coffers of the Iberian despot. The new prime minister, Casa Irujo, is no more; he died, as it is pretended, of sorrow for the loss of his son. He was, however, opposed to the Inquisition and the priesthood, who regarded him as of too compromising a disposition and too much inclined to yield up some points to conciliate the differences that disturb his unhappy country. A summary decree for a court of justice has been promulgated, to punish all malcontents, or those who may praise the doctrines of the Constitution. It is as follows:

"Art. 1. In all the capitals of provinces, including the Balearic Islands, there shall be form. ed, within fifteen days, executive and permanent Commissioners, composed of a President, who is a Brigadier-General in the King's armies, of six members, from the rank of Colonel to that of Serjeant-Major, of an Assessor, four Fiscals, and as many Clerks.-The 10th article orders that the penalties to be inflicted on the condemned, shall be determined according to the Royal Decree of May 4, 1814."

This decree may be considered as the signal for letting loose imprisonment and bloodshed upon all the enemies of tyranny and priestcraft-upon all who are not the creatures of Ferdinand and his tools. The press also comes in for its share of enmity, which is a good mark of what is worthy and noble in the world, being the antipodes of the Spanish monarch and his councils.

"It is enjoined the police to watch over the introduction of books by sea and land, in what ever language they may be written, without an express order from Myself, the permission of my Council, or upon the conditions specified to the booksellers of our kingdom. The Police is authorised to seize, upon secret information, all books whatever that shall be introduced without

the prescribed formalities, whether found among the booksellers, in the possession of individuals

or of families, and deliver over all offenders to be dealt with according to the provisions of the laws. The Police shall interdict the circulation and reading of journals, pamphlets, satirical pieces, and caricatures, which attack my Person, or my Royal Prerogatives, or wherein the measures of my Government are censured or ridiculed. The Police are authorised to seize upon all such productions, and to apprehend those persons who possess or retain them."

Great dread is entertained in Germany of secret political societies. Every ef fort is making to discover the truth and put an end to them. The Germanic diet

lately laid an injunction upon the lesser governments not to publish any thing that has transpired at its sittings.

The Greeks have taken Corinth, and are reported to have defeated the Turkish fleet, destroying eleven, taking a frigate, and blockading fifteen more in the Gulf of Volo. Lord Byron had advanced them 20,000 dollars. The Turks are said to have dishonoured the bills drawn on them, for supplies for their armies. Moustar Pacha, being forced to raise the siege of Missolunghi, is retreating on Janina. Omer Brionis has joined the Greeks with his baggage and treasure, saying that as his ancestors were of a Christian family he wished to live and die among the Greeks. On receiving this intelligence, such of the Toxides as remained in Epirus, fled into the mountains of Musacha: and it is probable that the Albanians will soon throw off the yoke of the Sultan. It is believed that Moustar Pacha will pay the forfeit of his head for having been unsuccessful in the campaign.

An attempt has been made at Rio de Janeiro, of a nature which, from the present accounts, cannot be thoroughly understood. It is supposed that the agents of the Holy Alliance have been tampering with the soldiery, and that an attempt is making to overthrow the constitution. The troops were ordered to march to the Palace by the Emperor, and thence sent to the House of Deputies, while they were there deliberating, and surrounded it. Some officers then entered, arrested six members, and dissolved it in the king's name. Six deputies were then put into a boat and conveyed to the Ilha des Cobras. The only opposition journal was suppressed; all was in confusion. Until, however, more satisfactory and recent details arrive, the real state of things cannot be truly ascertained. The events in Rio, it was feared, would produce tumults in the provinces. Monte Video has been taken by the Brazilian army.

Later accounts from Brazil contain the following Proclamation, which is still too ambiguous to afford any real clue to the designs of the new Emperor, who, it is probable, is in close alliance with the foes of all free governments in Europe.

Let us

"Brazilians 1-One will unites us. continue to preserve our country. Your Emperor, your perpetual defender, will assist you as he has hitherto done, and as he will always do, even at the hazard of his life. The extravagances of men, led away by pride and ambition, were on abyss. It is necessary, now that we are safe, that the eve of precipitating us into the most horrible we should be as vigilant as Argos. The bases of our felicity, which we are going to lay, are the independence of the empire, its integrity, and the

constitutional system. By resting on these bases without rivalships, which are always odious, and which may overwhelm this Colossal empire, we have nothing to fear. These truths are undeniable. You know them well by your good sense, and unfortunately you were on the eve of know

ing them better by anarchy. If the Assembly had not been dissolved, your holy religion would have been destroyed, and your garments would A new Assembly

have been drenched in blood. has been convoked; it will soon meet to deliberate on a project of constitution which I shall shortly present to you. I should think that it will be so conformable to your opinions, that, if possible, we ought to be directed by it as a provisional constitution. Be assured that the only ambition by which your Emperor is inspired, is the desire of acquiring additional glory, not for himself, but for you and for this great empire, which will be respected by the whole world. The arrests which have taken place will be considered by the enemies of the empire as despotic. They are not so. You see that they are measures of policy, calculated to avoid anarchy, and to save the unfortunate persons themselves— that they may enjoy theirs in tranquillity, and that we may enjoy ours in security. Their families will be protected by the Government. The safety of the country, which has been confided to me as Perpetual Defender of Brazil, is the supreme law which requires it. Place your confidence in me, as I place mine in you, and you will see our internal and external enemies at our feet supplicating mercy. Let union, firmer union, bind Brazilians. He who adhered to our sacred cause who swore the independence of this empire, is a Brazilian.

THE EMPEROR."

Two Decrees have also arrived :-in the first the Emperor declares that he convoked the Assembly to save Brazil from imminent danger, but that the Assembly having perjured itself, violating the solemn oath taken to the nation to defend the integrity and independence of the empire and the Emperor's dynasty, he, as Emperor and Perpetual Defender of Brazil, had resolved to dissolve the Assembly, and to call another to deliberate on a project of a Constitution which he will shortly present to it. In the second Decree his Majesty says, that in using the expression perjured in the former Decree, he was far from intending to confound the worthy representatives of the people with the faction that swayed the Assembly. In a subsequent Manifesto the Emperor further explains the necessity which compelled him to put a stop to the mad proceedings of the restless and revolutionary faction, which had succeeded in obtaining the preponderance in the Assembly. This is very like the first step of a member of the Holy Alliance in similar circumstances with the sovereign of Brazil.

The part which America has taken respecting the Spanish independent colonies, is at once imposing and worthy a

free nation though casually alluded to in our last retrospect, the lateness of its arrival forbade a longer notice, which may with propriety be given now. The sensation it has produced on the Contied as decisive of the question, backed out nent is very great, and it may be considerby the power of Great Britain, which it is said to be. Its leading points are as follow :

We

"Meeting in you a new Congress (says the President) I deem it proper to present this view of public affairs in greater detail than might otherwise be necessary. I do it, however, with peculiar satisfaction, from a knowledge that in this respect I shall comply more fully with the sound principles of our government. The people being with us exclusively the sovereign, it is indispensable that full information be laid before them on all important subjects, to enable them to exercise that high power with complete effect. If kept in the dark, they must be incompetent to it. are all liable to error, and those who are engaged in the management of public affairs are more subject to excitement, and to be led astray by their particular interests and passions, than the great body of our constituents, who, living at home, in the pursuit of their ordinary avocations, are calm but deeply-interested spectators of events, and of the conduct of those who are parties to them. To the people, every department of the Government, and every individual in each, are responsible; and the more full their information, the better they can judge of the wisdom of the policy pursued, and of the conduct of each in regard to it. From their dispassionate judgment, much aid may always be obtained; while their approbation will form the greatest incentive, and most gratifying reward for virtuous actions; against the abuse of their confidence. Their inand the dread of their censure the best security

terests, in all vital questions, are the same; and the bond by sentiment, as well as by interest, will be proportionably strengthened as they are better informed of the real state of public affairs, especially in difficult conjunctures. It is by such knowledge that local prejudices and jealousies are surmounted, and that a national policy, ex

tending its fostering care and protection to all the great interests of our Union, is formed and

steadily adhered to.”

After this introduction, the Message proceeds to give the following information on the present relations of the United States with Foreign Powers;

"The Commissioners under the fifth article of

the treaty of Ghent, having disagreed in their opinions respecting certain boundaries, it has been agreed by both parties to endeavour to establish it by amicable negotiation, rather than seek the mediation of a friendly power, as prescribed by the treaty.

ing with the French Government on several im"The negotiation which had been long dependportant subjects, and particularly for a just indemnity for losses sustained in the late wars by the citizens of the United States, under unjustifiable seizures and confiscations of their property