this work has suggested to our minds, we cannot forbear the mention of two.

The one is the influence which a pious, intelligent, and industrious man exerts upon his race. If we could detect moral influences by the eye or outward sense, as we do those in the natural world,-for instance, the effects of wholesome or poisonous food;-of a gunpowder explosion; of a miasmatic pool, or a disinfecting agent,we should feel that it was a solemn thing to live. We should more diligently appreciate and heed the Divine injunctions, "Let not your good deeds be evil spoken of""avoid the appearance of evil," "be not partaker of other men's sins,"" let your light shine." And not only the influence of example but of opinions would be deeply pondered. Truth is a powerful weapon. Error of opinion is not only like poisoning the food one eats, but like adulterating the medicine one uses. The very remedy may kill the soul.

The

The other reflection is the influence of races, as well as of individuals. Dr. Alexander was of Scotch-Irish blood and training. He and his father before him,and probably a line of ancestors in long progression,were thoroughly taught the Westminster Catechism, that strong breast-work against the assaults of error. race that has accomplished most for all the solid and substantial interests of this nation, are the descendants of the Scotch and Scotch-Irish emigrants to this land. They settled largely in New Hampshire, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Virginia, North and South Carolina, and subsequently in Georgia, Kentucky, and to a limited extent in all parts of the country. Wherever you find a Scotch or Scotch-Irish settlement, you find an intelligent community,-the friends of law and order, and enlightenment,-appealing to the Bible as the supreme authority, and therefore sturdy advocates of the rights of conscience. They are eminently free from the fanaticisin, and false philosophy, and pseudo-philanthropy, and new-fangled opinions which agitate other communities. And if this union is saved, it must be from a combination of these conservative materials against the ultraisms which press upon us on all hands, and which seem to be hopelessly irreconcilable.

We owe a debt of gratitude to the reformers of Germany and Holland. We have been aided in no small degree by that noble race the French IIuguenots. We are largely indebted to the English Puritans-but there is something sadly defective in the character of the descendants of the Pilgrim fathers, which mingles great evils with the good, and which is now developing weaknesses and tendencies to declension painful to contemplate.

It was of this Scottish stock that the Mecklenburg Convention was formed. Dr. Witherspoon, a member of the Conventions that framed our National Constitution and the Constitution of the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church, and a man of large and controlling influence in both bodies, was a Scotchman. The nation is, to an extent not yet considered, indebted to that source for her Divines, and scholars, and teachers, and patriots and substantial citizens, and intelligent, active and public-spirited Christians. Among her men of mark in the civil department, Daniel Webster was of Scotch blood, and Andrew Jackson and John C. Calhoun were born of Presbyterian Scotch-Irish parents.

ARTICLE IX.

CRITICAL NOTICES.

1. Types of Mankind: dedicated to the memory of SAMUEL GEORGE MORTON, M. D., (late President of the Academy of Natural Sciences at Philadelphia,) and illustrated by contributions from Professor L. AGASSIZ, L. L. D.; W. USHER, M. D., and Professor H. S. PATTERSON, M. D. By J. C. Norr, M. D., and GEORGE R. GLIDDON, Philadelphia: LIPPINCOTT, GRAMBO & Co. 1854: pp. 738, 4 to.

This is a volume of great pretensions. Its execution as to typography and variety of illustration is creditable to the American press. It certainly exhibits throughout a zeal worthy of a

better cause. It sets out to prove that "God hath" not "made of one blood all nations of men for to dwell on all the face of the earth," that Eve is not "the mother of all living," and "that men were created in nations, and not in a single pair. The work professes to be a scientific work. It cannot abide the book of Genesis. "Viewed as narrative inspired by the Most High, its conceits" [the conceits of the book of Genesis,] "are pitiful, and its revelations false. "How then," ask the authors, "are its crude and juvenile hypotheses about Human Creation to be viewed?" The English version is especially the object of Mr. Gliddon's contempt. He does not expect to live till a new English version shall be "authorised." Before that shall occur, "the developments of science will have rendered any new translation altogether supererogatory among the educated who are creating new religions for themselves." He has the reputation of being a kind and obliging man in private life, and we desire not to deny to him those virtues he really possesses. Of his courtesy as a writer little can be said. He seems to hold the clerical profession in Sovereign contempt. Such "teologastri" as we are, such "biblical dunces," such "idiotic," "ignorant," "impudent" "simpletons," such "unliteral dogmatists," are not worthy of a respectful notice. We, especially, are in "that undeveloped stage of the reasoning faculties, which, in accordance with Comte's positive philosophy, has been already classed as "the theological." All that is said in opposition to his extraordinary learning, he treats as the "puerilities of the ephemeral tourist, the twaddling inanities of the unlettered missionary, or the Egyptian hallucination of the theological rhapsodist."

We should long since have paid our respects to this volume, which is a repetition only, with enlargement, of what its authors have before said, had we not been hindered by other avocations, and deterred by the accumulated drift which this ethnological flood has swept down and left heaped together in wondrous confusion. It equals almost the wonderful deposits of the Mississip pi, which, according to Dr. Usher, whose conclusions seem to be adopted by the authors of this work, has been flowing for 150,000 years. In this drift Dr. Usher has found the skeleton of a

else in the sphere of our acquaintance can be found in so small a compass, so much reliable information respecting the work of missions, especially as conducted by the Presbyterian Church. We commend the book in this light to all our brethren in Christ. It is necessary to know what has been accomplished, that we may know what remains to be accomplished. No Christian man in this age, can withold his hand from the missionary work.

5. A Notice of the "Types of Mankind:" with an examination of the charges contained in the Biography of Dr. MORTON, published by NoTT and GLIDDON. By JOHN BACHMAN, D. D. From the Charleston Medical Journal and Review for Septem ber. Charleston: JAMES, WILLIAMS & GETSINGER. 1854.

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No one can come into conflict with the zealous advocates of the "Diversity of origin," without suffering; unless, perchance, he belongs to the class of human pachydermata. Dr. Bachman, than whom no one was more competent, had entered the lists, with Dr. Morton especially, on the doctrine of the fertility of hybrids, hitherto reckoned among the absurdities in natural history; the few cases quoted having been viewed as either abnormal, or not well attested. This doctrine was necessary to the positi sat men are not all descended from a single pair. While controversy was pending, Dr. Morton deceased. His friends, ho, especially the authors of "The Types," pour forth their wrath on Dr. Bachman. He too, is of "the clergy," a friend of Missions, and one who honours the true missionary. He is, therefore, one of the "Biblical dunces," the "snubs of universal humanity." If the Sandwich Islands are becoming depopulated, he does not believe that "they are daily sinking beneath civilization, missionaries and rum." We are glad to see that Dr. Bachman has resumed his pen, and that we shall hear more from him soon. We are persuaded that before this controversy is closed, those who have provoked it will discover that they might have been more usefully and SAFELY employed.