the intervals of fine weather which they enjoyed, Wesley said he could conceive no difference comparable to that between a smooth and a rough sea, except that which is between a mind calmed by the love of God, and one torn up by the storms of earthly passions. On the 5th of February they anchored in the Savannah river.

The colony in Georgia, the last which the English established in North America, had been only three years founded at this time. The British government had encouraged it, with wise political views, as a defence for the southern provinces against the Spaniards, and for the purpose of occupying a critical position which otherwise, there was reason to believe, would have been occupied by the French, to the great danger and detriment of the British settlements: but it had been projected by men of enlarged benevolence, as a means of providing for the employment and well-being of those who were poor and distressed at home. Twenty-one persons were incorporated as trustees for twenty-one years, with power during that time to appoint all the officers, and regulate all the concerns of the colony; and they were authorized to collect subscriptions for fitting out the colonists and supporting them, till they could clear the lands. The trustees contributed money not less liberally than time and labour; the bank subscribed largely, and parliament voted 10,000l. for the advancement of a design which was every way conducive to the interest of the common weal. The first expedition

consisted of an hundred and sixteen settlers. James

B

Oglethorpe, one of the trustees, embarked with them: an active, enterprising, and zealous man, He is said to have taken with him Sir Walter Ralegh's original journals, and to have been guided by them in the choice of a situation for his settlement; and this is confirmed by the tradition of the Indians: their forefathers, they said, had held a conference with a warrior who came over the great waters, and they pointed out a funeral barrow, under which the chief who had conferred with him was buried, by his own desire, in the spot where the conference had been held.

The site of the new settlement was on the banks of the river Savannah, which bends like a sickle in that part: the banks are about forty feet high, and on the top is what in the language of the colonies is called a bluff,-plain high ground, extending about half a mile along the river, and some five or six miles up the country. Ships drawing twelve feet water may ride within ten yards of the shore. In the centre of the plain the town was marked out, opposite an island of rich pasturage. From the key there was a fine prospect of the coast in one direction, and an island called Tybee, in the mouth of the river; on the other the wide stream, bordered with high woods on both sides, glittered in the distance as far as the eye could reach. The country belonged to the Creek Indians: they were computed at this time to amount to about 25,000 souls, war and disease, and the vices of savage life, having greatly reduced their numbers. An Indian woman, who had married a

trader from Carolina, acted as interpreter between the English and her countrymen; her services were at first purchased with presents, and liberally rewarded afterwards by an annuity of an hundred pounds. Fifty chieftains and elders, from the eight tribes who composed the confederacy of the Creeks, were deputed to confer with Oglethorpe, and treat of an alliance. In the name of these confederated tribes Weecachumpa, the Long Chief, informed the British adventurers what was the extent of country which they claimed as their inheritance: he acknowledged the superiority of the white men to the red: he said they were persuaded that the Great Power, who dwelt in heaven and all around, (and he threw his hands abroad, and prolonged his articulation as he spake,) had sent the English thither for their good, and therefore they were welcome to all the land which the Creeks did not use themselves.

Tomo-chichi, to whose tribe this part of the country belonged, then presented him with a buffalo skin, adorned on the inside with the head and feathers of an eagle. The eagle, he said, signified speed, and the buffalo strength. The English were swift as the eagle, and strong as the buffalo. Like the eagle, they flew over the great waters to the uttermost parts of the earth; and like the buffalo, they were so strong that nothing could withstand them. The feathers of the eagle, he said, were soft, and signified love; the skin of the buffalo was warm, and signified protection: therefore he hoped the English would love and protect the little fa

mily of the Creeks. The alliance was soon concluded, a stipulation being made, that wherever a town was laid out, a certain portion of land should be allotted to the natives. Oglethorpe then presented each of their Micoes, or Kings, with a shirt, a laced coat, and a laced hat: each of the warriors with a gun, and each of their attendants with a duffle cloak, and a few trifles.

Oglethorpe returned to England the following year, and took with him Tomo-chichi, Sonawki his wife, and Tooanahowi his son, with seven other Indians. They were presented to George II. at Kensington, where the Micoe offered a calumet to the king, and addressed him in a characteristic and not ineloquent oration. "This day I see the majesty of your face, the greatness of your house, and the number of your people. I am come in my old days, though I cannot expect to see any advantage to myself; I am come for the good of the children of all the nations of the Lower and Upper Creeks, that they may be instructed in the knowledge of the English. These are feathers of the eagle, which is the swiftest of birds, and which flyeth around our nations. These feathers in our land are a sign of peace, and have been carried from town to town there. We have brought them over to leave them with you, O great King, as a token of everlasting peace. O great King, whatever words you shall say unto me, I will faithfully tell them to all the Kings of the Creek nations.” The orator addressed the Queen also in these words: "I am glad to see this day, and to have

the opportunity of seeing the mother of this great people. As our people are joined with your Majesty's, we humbly hope to find you the common mother and protectress of us and all our children." Tomo-chichi and his companions had no reason to be dissatisfied with their reception in England. They were objects not only of curiosity, but of kindness. A weekly allowance was assigned them of twenty pounds, during their stay of four months; they lived during most of the time at the tables of persons of distinction, liberal presents were made them, and when they embarked for their own country, they were carried in one of the king's carriages to Gravesend. A number of protestant Saltzburghers*, expelled by their own go

The expulsion of these Saltzburghers was the last wholesale act of intolerance committed by a Roman Catholic government. Of all acts of the kind, however, it was executed with the least inhumanity, and the most cause. The archbishop was a humane and conscientious man, and endeavoured by all means of gentleness and persuasion to maintain that conformity of belief in his dominions, which, both as prince and prelate, according to the laws and the faith which he professed, it was his duty to preserve. But the spirit of reformation which had arisen was not to be suppressed by the preaching of Franciscan friars; and in a country where the greater part of the inhabitants were passionately attached to the religion of their fathers, with all its forms and fables, and the rest were possessed with an uncompromising and enthusiastic determination of worshipping God in their own way, the only means of preventing a civil war, sooner or later, was to make the minority depart in peace, and this was not done till they had threatened to call upon a foreign power for support. About 25,000 persons, a tenth part of the population, migrated on this occasion. Their property was sold for them under the King of Prussia's protection; some injustice and considerable loss must needs have been suffered by such a sale, and the chancellor, by whom this strong measure was carried into effect, is accused of having enriched himself by the transaction. Seventeen thousand of the emigrants settled in the Prussian states. Their march will long be remembered in Germany. The Catholic magistrates at