What war commenced in 1702, and terminated in 1713?

What Indian tribe did the Spaniards instigate to destroy all the Carolinians in 1715?

What important place did Pepperell and Warren take from the French just 30 years before Bunker Hill battle?

Where did a revival of religion extensively prevail in 1737 ?

In what state, is William and Mary College?

Who was Elihu Yale? Where was Braddock defeated, July 9, 1755 ?

What Gov. of N. Y. signed a death-warrant, when he was intoxicated?

What accusation was brought against Mrs. Hale, wife of a minister of Beverly?

What war commenced in 1690, and terminated in 1697?

Why did the Carolinians generally fly to Charleston in 1715?

By what power, was war declared against France and Spain, in 1744?

What and where is Nassau Hall?

Against whom, did Braddock conduct an expedition in 1755 ? In what battle, were 64 English and provincial officers killed, and only 21 left alive?

What important fort did Gen. Forbes take from the French in 1758?

What college was established in N. H. ten years after the capture of Quebec?

Who said he despised all fees for pleading against the Writs of Assistance?

Who was George Whitefield? What college was 17 years at Saybrook?

For what purpose, did delegates meet at Albany, 1754?

What captives were dispersed through the colonies, in 1755?

Who reduced the Cherokees during the French and Indian war?

CHAPTER XLIX.-p. 149.

Causes of the war of the revolution.

In what year, did the War of the Revolution commence ?

How long after the commencement of the war of King Philip?

How long had the causes of the war of the Revolution been operating? The more remote causes had been operating for hundreds of years.

How long had the more immediate causes been operating? About 15 years.

What two grand causes may

Who conducted the Carolinians in gaining the great victory of Saltketcher?

What was the News Letter? What college commenced in 1700 ?

Who saved the regulars from destruction, after Braddock's defeat? What tribe of Indians appears to be the most interesting now in the United States ?

Who was the predecessor of Montcalm?

immediate? The tyrannic conduct of the British, and the revolution in the political principles of the colonists.

Which of these causes operated first? They operated in a great measure together.

Which began first? The tyranny of Britain.

Which of these two causes was the cause of the other? The tyranny of Britain.

What was the first act of this special tyranny? An attempt to

Meaning of clayed sugar? Su gar, refined by means of clay. Meaning of duty in this connec tion ?

For what, did the British say, was just and necessary to raise a revenue in America?

By whom, had the Americans been defended, protected and secured? Principally by themselves, with the blessing of God upon their efforts.

Why could not the colonists approve this act?

For how long, had this pretended right been scarcely named?

With what, did the colonists contend, that the right of taxation was inseparably connected?

What did they mean by representation? That some of the colonists should be chosen, and sent to the British parliament, there to act for this country, and defend our rights.

Why are the Sugar Act and the American Revolution treated of in the same note ?t

How was the Sugar Act connected with the Stamp Act?

Of what act was the Sugar Act the offspring?

offspring of the Molasses Act, and to have reigned in its stead. The Molasses Act was passed in 1733, in the 6th year of George II. It imposed a duty of sixpence a gallon upon all foreign molasses, imported into the colonies. Duties were laid upon other articles; but as molasses was much the most important to the colonies, it was called the Molasses Act. This act, they considered as a great grievance, and its force probably in a great measure evaded, by non-importation and smuggling. This hated molasses act, no doubt, had a remote influence in separating the colonies from the mother country Indeed the venerable Adams aeknowledges, in relation to this act

How was the force of the Molasses Act in a great measure evaded?

In what, did Mr. Adams acknowledge, that Molasses was an essential ingredient?

In what year, was the Sugar Act passed?

What was the first Act, passed in Britain, avowedly for raising a revenue in the colonies?

What apprehensions did the wording of the Sugar Act excite in the colonists ?

Whom did the colonists think themselves able to defend ?

Who adopted measures to frustrate the Sugar Act, before they knew, that it had been passed?

I know not why we should blush to confess, that molasses was an essential ingredient in American Independence."

In the year 1764, the Molasses Act expired in the thirty-first year of its age; and the Sugar Act rose from its ashes. This act was passed April 5. "Until this inauspicious hour, no act of parliament had been passed, avowedly for the purpose of raising a revenue in the colonies. This act was fraught with ingredients highly disgustful and alarming. It not only declared the necessity, but justice, of taxing the colonies, for the avowed purpose of a parliamentary revenue. But the very wording of it excited in the colonists, shrewd apprehensions, that the parliament would proceed to tax them to such a degree, and for such a time, as they pleased, for the support of a military force, to dragoon them into its unconstitutional measures. The colonists imagined, that "they were able to defend themselves, and were unwilling to bind themselves and their descendants in perpetual servitude."

Some of the colonists foresaw the evil of the Sugar Act, and endeav

What had conduced to prepare their minds for this, three years before?

When was probably the most important town-meeting, ever held in Boston?

What seems to have been the leading object of that meeting? To frustrate the Sugar Act, and oppose British oppression.

Who was the "first and foremost" of those, who were then chosen representatives to the General Assembly?

What did the Bostonians instruct these representatives to support in the General Assembly?

What, did they say, had long been embarrassed?

ored to hide themselves; or rather, they attempted to crush the egg, before the viper should burst forth. A dreadful sound had reached the ever-listening ears of the Bostonians. They had heard, that British ministers were conspiring against their liberties. They had heard, that an unrighteous law was threatened, to rob them of their property; and they adopted measures, to prevent or frustrate the obnoxious act, before they knew of its real exist

ence.

To prepare them for this, their minds had been electrified by the lightning of Otis, three years before; and a variety of causes had kept the excitement "in fine preservation."

In May, 1764, the inhabitants of Boston held a town-meeting, probably the most important in its consequences, that they ever had.They then chose four of their distinguished citizens, to represent them in the General Assembly of Ms. the ensuing June. Of these four, James Otis was "first and foremost." To these representatives the Bostonians gave various instructions, most important in their nature, and most dear to the heart of Liberty. Relating to the Sugar

What did they see with great concern?

To whom, besides the colonies, did they think these severities would prove detrimental?

To what, did they fear, that these proceedings would be preparatory?

How, did they think, this would affect their charter-rights?

Meaning of charter-rights?

What officer, in England, did they wish the General Court to advise and instruct upon this subject?

Who was then our agent in England?

Why did they wish the other

Act, were the following-"That you make it the object of your attention, to support our commerce in all its just rights, and to vindicate it from all unreasonable impositions. Our trade has long been embarrassed; and it is with great concern, we see farther difficulties coming upon it, which will virtually obstruct and ruin it. We, therefore, expect, you will use your earliest endeavors in the General Assembly, that such methods may be taken, as will effectually prevent these proceedings against us. By a proper representation, we apprehend, it may easily be made to appear, that such severities will prove detrimental to Great Britain herself; on which account, we hope, that the act, if already passed, will be repealed. But our greatest apprehension is, that these proceedings may be preparatory to new taxes. For if our trade may be taxed, why not our lands? why not the produce of our lands, and every thing we possess or use? This, we conceive, annihilates our charter rights to govern and tax ourselves. It strikes at our British privileges; which, as we have never forfeited, we hold in common with our fellow subjects, who are

REES

colonies to unite their efforts upon this subject?

How far did the excitement kindled at this town-meeting, soon extend?

How soon had the four representatives opportunity to display their faithfulness?

What views were cherished by a large majority of the General Assembly?

What did Otis then present to the General Court?

To whom, sent by the General Court?

For what purpose?

What else did they send to Mauduit, in connection with this state

natives of Britain. If taxes are laid upon us in any shape, without our having a legal representation, where they are laid, we are reduced from the character of free subjects, to the state of tributary slaves. We, therefore, earnestly recommend it to you, to use your utmost endeavors to obtain from the General Court, all necessary advice and instruction to our agent, at this most critical juncture, that while he is setting forth the unshaken loyalty of this province- he may be able in the most humble and pressing manner, to remonstrate for us, all those rights and privileges, which justly belong to us either by char ter or birth. We also desire you to use your endeavors, that the other colonies, having the same interests and rights with us, may add their weight to that of this province; that by the united application of all, who are aggrieved, may obtain redress."

all

At this most eventful town-meeting, a fire was kindled, which was soon communicated to the General Court,and thence to all the colonies.

+ Mr. Jasper Mauduit, at Lon don, agent for Ms. who had inform ed them of the intended act

On this occasion, the incomparable Otis, he who had "despised all fee" for the most arduous labors-for making the most powerful and useful speech ever pronounced in this country-for actually annihilating the Writs of Assistance this political hero, at this eventful crisis, probably did more than any of his constituents had dared to hope. In addition to his other efforts, he drew up and presented to the General Court "a statement of the rights of the colonies generally, and of Ms. in particular." This statement was approved by the representatives, and by them sent to Mr. Mauduit, their agent in England, to be used in opposing the Sugar Act, &c. The

What exclusive right of the col onies does this letter declare ? What claim of Parliament does it deny ?

Why is this letter peculiarly important? It contains the first denial by a colonial assembly, of the right of Parliament to tax America.

To what act, does this circum stance impart peculiar importance?

What two circumstances are to be considered in estimating the im portance of the Sugar Act?

What was the grand bone of contention between us and Britain ?

What did this produce?

effect of this statement must have been exceedingly great, how great, it is perhaps impossible to conjecture. According to one of our most candid historians, "the doctrines and principles therein advanced, were recognized as correct, in all the subsequent stages of the controversy. The Declaration of Independence acknowledged them.The Constitution of Ms. is only a more extensive recognition of their truth and importance."

This statement was the foundation and substance of a pamphlet of 120 pp. published the same month by Mr. Otis, entitled, "The Rights of the British Colonies asserted and proved." Notwithstanding some imperfections, and apparent inconsistencies in this pamphlet, it has probably had a greater influence than any other, in diffusing the light and joy of liberty far and wide. The sage of Quincy seems to have considered it as the grand arsenal, from which the champions of freedom have drawn most of their weapons.

"At their session in June, a committee was appointed by the legislature, as recommended by the citizens of Boston, to write in the recess to the other colonies, and