The London "Times," May 19, 1882, said:

If temperance advocates really mean to declare war upon the liquor traffic, they must go beyond any thing they have yet ventured to propose. Instead of striking at a symptom, they must set about their work in a root-and-branch way. They must deal with the origin of the mischief; with the importers and producers of intoxicating drink, and not only with the section of the retail sellers. . . . As well attempt to legislate against a miasma, and to leave undrained the "pestilential source" from which it springs.

Lord Coleridge, in an address to a jury in Bristol, said:

Persons sitting in his position were by this time almost tired of making this statement, but he supposed it was because the fact was so plain that nobody paid the slightest attention to it, namely, that drunkenness was a vice which filled the jails of England, and that if they could make England sober they could do away with nine tenths of their prisons. It was not only in a particular case, but in the large majority of criminal cases which came before a judge and jury, it was shown that they began, ended, or were in some way connected with the public sin of drunkenness.

One could only hope that, as the result of education and a greater spirit of cultivation, the same improvement might take effect on those classes which now suffer from the evil. It would be a long time, he was afraid; but, so convinced were some public persons, even in his position, that an improvement was necessary, that with painful iteration they pressed again and again to persons in their position that which was the result of their painful experience.

The "Pall Mall Gazette," a journal by no means devoted to this reform, said:

There is nothing more satisfactory in English life to-day than the strides that temperance is making in people's own habits outside and independent of Acts of Parliament.

The attitude of that eminent prelate, Cardinal Manning, on the question of total abstinence, deserves special mention. In 1876, in a letter to the Roman Catholic Total Abstinence Unions of America, he said:

As the pastor of souls I have before me the wreck of men, women, and children, home and all the sanctities of domestic life. I see prosperity turned into temptation, the wages of industry not only wasted, but as they

increase making the plague more deadly. If my denying myself in this, which I am free to renounce, shall help or encourage even one soul who has fallen through intoxication to rise up and break his bands, then I will gladly abstain as long as I live. If we can spread this higher law of love and generous self-denial, a public opinion will soon grow up before which even Legislatures will give way.

In a great meeting held in Exeter Hall, July 17, 1882, in support of Sir Wilfrid Lawson's Permissive Prohibitory Reso lution in the House of Commons, Cardinal Manning said:

What are all politics compared with this question? While a people become politically mad, I believe they become morally bad, and I am sure if they become morally bad, they will become politically bad; and very bad politics will be the result. . . .

I wish some of our great statesmen would walk through our great towns, and would go from house to house with some of the devoted clergymen who know the condition of the people. I wish they would come and hear the biographies of intense misery which are to be found under the humblest roofs; and when they have learned these things and found that they are all to be traced up to one black fountain-intoxicating drinkI believe they would lay aside their political questions and conflicts, and take in hand that which touches the very root of the life and morals of the people. It seems to me that it is time that men should understand this, that while they are legislating the foundations of society are sinking, and we know that a commonwealth which rests upon a demoralized foundation is a house built upon the sand-(cheers)—and if there be one thing which demoralizes a people more rapidly than any other, it is that which makes the brains of men to reel, and the hearts of men to be passionate and inflamed, and the wills of men to be unsteady and weak in the hour of temptation; and when I know that intoxicating drink is doing all this, and that in the great centers of our industry, just there where the people are crowded together, where the national life is intensified, as it were, into a focus, when I know that there the evil is spreading itself with the greatest intensity, I ask what are we about? How is it that men who profess to be statesmen and politicians can waste their time and the time of the Legislature before they take this subject in hand? (Cheers.)

The enormous capital that is put into activity for the production and reproduction of intoxicating drink, and for its distribution, never slumbers, never sleeps, never goes back. If it goes on in the ratio and proportion of its past increase, every year will make the danger more formidable, and the demoralization, which at this time may be within measure and controllable, will become beyond our control. ("Hear, hear.") I do

not desire to be a prophet. I am too true an Englishman to prophesy evil of the country that I love-(cheers)-but this I know, that if men break the laws of God, as they do who are intoxicated with drink, and if those who could control these things look coldly on and do not control them, only evil can come of it. And people are crying out, "You can't cure it;" then I say, Let us do it. If you have not hands strong enough, we have. Give us the vote. Give us the veto. Leave it to us and you shall see. (Cheers.) If, on the other hand, we go on as we are going, then I have no doubt in saying that our great ports of Liverpool and London may one day be like Tyre and Sidon, and all the activity of our sleepless machines, and the flaming of our furnaces, and our subtle and perpetual industry, and the agriculture of our fields, and all the towering and expanding greatness of the British Empire, resting upon an unsound foundation— the day will come when from its very magnitude it must fall, and great will be the fall of it. (Loud applause.)

Cardinal M'Cabe, of Ireland, in July, 1882, said:

The terrible crime of drunkenness is like a wild bear ravaging our unfortunate country. It is the great source of misery and crime. . . The drunkard becomes thoroughly selfish. He can think of nothing but his own wretched appetite; and, to gratify his craving for drink, he will leave wife and child to die of starvation. Where there is a sober father and mother there is plenty and peace and comfort in the family; but when the demon of drink enters the household there comes with it misery and wretchedness. I have, therefore, felt it to be my duty to take my stand under the banner of total abstinence. I do not want it for myself; but I have taken this position in order that I may be able to speak with more effect in advising others to renounce drink at once and forever.

Since I began the confirmations this year, I have been trying to enlist a little army about me. I have been a good deal in the County of Wicklow, and have got 1,600 little soldiers who have all pledged themselves to fight under the banner of God, and to destroy this terrible monster. I have asked, and now again ask, parents to assist me in this. I have great hope in the young, and beg of parents not to give their children any thing in the shape of intoxicating drink.

Canon Wilberforce, one of the most eminent ecclesiastics of England, in July, 1882, wrote a letter to the Archbishop of Canterbury, in which he said:

I am convinced that I speak the mind of tens of thousands when I say that there is at this moment no form of temptation to compare with the