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INTRODUCTION,
CONTENTS.
CHAPTER 1.
Secession Movements in South Carolina, Florida, Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, and Louisiana,
CHAPTER II.
Preparations for a Southern Confederacy-Meeting of Congress at Montgomery-Members and Organization-Inau-
guration of a President-His Addresses-Cabinet-Proceedings of the Congress-New Constitution.—Its Features, 18
CHAPTER III.
Inauguration of President Lincoln-Southern Commissioners sent to Europe and Washington-Time for War had come
-Despatches from Montgomery to Gen. Beauregard at Charleston-Condition of Fort Sumter-Occupied by Major
Anderson-Excitement-Surrender demanded by Gov. Pickens-Negotiations at Washington-Preparations for
attack on the Fort-Women and Children removed-Evacuation demanded by Gen. Beauregard-Correspondence
-Attack on the Fort-Its Surrender-Action of the Federal Government to relieve it,
CHAPTER IV.
State of Affairs-Action of the Union States-Proclamation of the President calling for men on the surrender of
Fort Sumter-Response of the Northern and Central States-Attack on Massachusetts troops in Baltimore,
CHAPTER V.
Proceedings in Texas to effect Secession, and Military Movements-Action in Virginia and Military Movements—
Action in Arkansas and Military Movements-Action in North Carolina and Military Movements-Action in Ten-
Dessee and Military Movements, .
. 19
26
88
CHAPTER VI.
Effects of the President's Proclamation-Assembling of Troops at Washington-Destruction at Harper's Ferry-De-
struction and abandonment of the Norfolk Navy Yard-Capture of the Star of the West-Other Events-Capture
of Camp Jackson, St. Louis-Other Events-Attack on Sewell's Point-Seizure of Ship Island-Occupation of
Harper's Ferry by Southern Troops-Movement of Troops from Washington into Virginia-Occupation of Alex-
andria-Blockade of the Mississippi-Attack on the Batteries at Aquia Creek-Dash into Fairfax Court House,
CHAPTER VII.
Southern Congress adjourns to meet at Richmond-Speeches of Howell Cobb and Vice-President Stephens-The
Federal Army-Skirmish at Philippi-Attack on Pig's Point-Great Bethel-Movements in West Tennessee-
Romney-Advance of Gen. Lyon to Jefferson City-Vienna-Locomotives Destroyed-Mathias Point-Other
Events-Southern Privateers,
48
54
CHAPTER VIII.
March of Gen. McClellan into Western Virginia-His Address to the Inhabitants-Surprise at Philippi-Battle at
Laurel Hill-Defeat and Surrender of the Enemy-Manassas--Position of the Northern and Southern Armies-
Forces of Gen. McDowell-Advance to Centreville-Battle of Bull Run-Retreat,
64
CHAPTER IX.
PAOK
Extra Session of Congress-Its Action-Strength of the Army-Southern troops organized-Skirmishes in Mis-
souri-At Monroe Station, Millville, and Fulton-Movements of Gen. Lyon-Battle of Wilson's Creek-Sur-
render of Major Lynch in New Mexico-Skirmishes-Attack on Galveston-Expedition against the forts at
Hatteras Inlet,
CHAPTER X.
Campaign of Gens. Wise, Floyd, and Lee, in Western Virginia-The Campaign of Gen. Fremont in Missouri-Affairs
in Kentucky-Neutrality abandoned-Occupation of the State by troops-Military Operations,
CHAPTER XI.
Attack on Wilson's Regiment-Bombardment of Fort Pickens-Burning of Warrenton-Attack on the Federal fleet at
the mouths of the Mississippi-Repulse at Ball's Bluff-Expedition against Port Royal: its success-Resignation
of Lieut.-Gen. Scott-Battle at Belmont-Capture of Messrs. Mason and Slidell-Occupation of Accomac and
Northampton Counties, Va.-The Stone Blockade of Charleston-Affair at Drainesville-Treatment of Slaves-
Exchange of Prisoners-Plans of the Government, .
CHAPTER XII.
Views of the Combatants-Condition of the Federal Navy-Its Increase-Iron-Clads-Western Fleet-Numbers and
position of the hostile Armies-Campaign in Eastern Kentucky-Battle of Mill Springs-Death of Zollicoffer-
Campaign in Western Kentucky and Tennessee-Federal Troops engaged-Capture of Fort Henry-Surrender of
Fort Donelson--Advance of Gen. Buell-Surrender of Nashville,
CHAPTER XIII.
65
99
116
Gen. Burnside's Expedition sails-The Fleet and Transports in a Storm-Advance up Pamlico Sound-Capture of
Roanoke Island-Other Operations-Provisional Government set up in North Carolina-Operations in South Caro-
lina-Bombardment and surrender of Fort Pulaski-Operations in Florida-Capture of Fernandina, Jacksonville,
and St. Augustine-Other Naval Operations-Treatment of Slaves by the Federal Government-Organized as
Troops at Hilton Head,.
135
CHAPTER XIV.
Military Operations in Missouri and Arkansas-Advance of Gen. Curtis-His Address to the People of the Southwest-
Battle of Pea Ridge-Retreat of Gen. Price-Further Operations-Advance of the Fleet against Columbus, Ky.-
Evacuated-Further progress down the Mississippi-Island No. 10: its Bombardment-Gunboats pass the Bat-
teries in the night-Evacuation of the Island-Advance of the Fleet toward Memphis-Naval Battle before the
City-Its Surrender-Occupied by Federal Troops-Proceedings during the Year,
CHAPTER XV.
.
155
Advance of Gen. Grant up the Tennessee River-Position of the Southern Forces-Movements of Gen. Bueil-Ad-
vance of Gen. Johnston to attack Gen. Grant-Commencement of the Battle at Shiloh-Arrival of Gen. Buell-
Second day of Battle-Retreat of Southern Troops-Message of Mr. Davis to Congress at Richmond-Arrival
of Gen. Halleck-March on Corinth-Its Evacuation-Movements of Gen. Mitchel-Provisional Government in
Tennessee-Its Proceedings,
172
CHAPTER XVI.
Preparations for the capture of New Orleans-Occupation of Ship Island-The Mortar Fleet-Arrival of Captain
Farragut-Bombardment of the Forts on the Mississippi-Preparation to run past the Forts-The Scenes which
ensued-Arrival of the Fleet before New Orleans-Surrender of the City-Advance up the River Surrender
of the Forts to Commodore Porter-Gen. Butler occupies New Orleans-His Administration-Superseded by
Gen. Banks,
190
CHAPTER XVII.
Position of the forces near Washington-Movements of Gen. Lander-Fortifications at Manassas-Plans of Gen. Mc-
Clellan-Evacuation of Manassas-Commanders appointed by the President-Advance of the Army of the
Potomac by water-Delay of Gen. McDowell-Safety of Washington-New Departments created-Advance of
the Army of the Potomac on Yorktown-Its Siege-Evacuation-Pursuit by the Army of the Potomac-Evac-
uation of Williamsburg-Naval Battle and destruction of the Iron-clad Merrimac-Capture of Norfolk-Attack on
Drury's Bluff-Advance of the Army of the Potomac up the Peninsula-Position on the Chickahominy--With-
drawal of Gen. McDowell,
206
CHAPTER XVIII.
PAGE
Junction of Gen. Shields with Gen. McDowell-Both ordered to the Shenandoah Valley-March of Gen. Fremont to
the same point-Previous advance of Gen. Banks up the Shenandoah-Position of the Forces-Advance of Gen.
Jackson down the Valley-Attack at Front Royal-Retreat of Gen. Banks-Excitement in the Northern States-
Gen. Jackson falls back-Pursuit by Gens. Fremont and Shields-Battle at Cross Keys-Battle at Port Re-
public-Advance of Gen. Heath,
228
CHAPTER XIX.
General McClellan crosses the Chickahominy-Battle of Fair Oaks-Retreat of the Enemy-March in the rear of
Gen. McClellan-Bridges over the Chickahominy completed-Battle at Mechanicsville-Gen. McClellan moves
toward the James-Battles at Savage Station, White Oak Swamp, and Charles City Cross Roads-Confusion of
the Enemy-Attack at Malvern Hill-Army at Harrison's Landing-Arrival of Gen. Halleck-His Views-Army
of the Potomac withdrawn from the Peninsula,
CHAPTER XX.
General Pope takes command of the Army of Virginia-Call of the President for more Men-Advance of Gen. Lee-
Battle of Cedar Mountain-Capture of Louisa Court House-Gen. Pope falls back-Dash on Catlett's Station-
Further advance of the Enemy-Attack at Manassas-Attack at Bristow's Station-Battle near Manassas-Battle
at Gainesville-Battle near Bull Run-Excitement in the Northern States-Retreat of Gen. Banks-Battle at
Chantilly-Retreat of Gen. Pope to the fortifications at Washington,
CHAPTER XXI.
Advance of Gen. Lee into Maryland-His Address to the People-Gen. McClellan ordered to take command at
Washington-His Orders-Advances into Maryland to meet Gen. Lee-Confidential Order of Gen. Lee-Battle
of South Mountain-Attack of the Enemy on Harper's Ferry-Its Surrender-Battle of Antietam-Retreat of
Gen. Lee,
.241
254
. 265
CHAPTER XXII.
Message of the President recommending Emancipation with Compensation-His Conference with Members of Con-
gress-Proclamation threatening Emancipation-Finances of the Federal Government-Increase of the Armies-
Efforts of the South to raise Armies-Conscription-Officers of the Southern Government-Its Finances-Its
Navy Department-Cruisers-The Oreto-The Alabama: vessels destroyed by her-Other Operations-Diplo-
matic Correspondence with the British Government,
CHAPTER XXIII.
Guerrillas in Kentucky-Invasion of the State by Gen. E. Kirby Smith-Gen. Buell falls back from Tennessee as Gen.
Bragg advances toward Kentucky-Movements in Kentucky-Battle at Perryville-Retreat of Gen. Bragg-Cum-
berland Gap-Invasion of West Virginia-Operations in Mississippi-Battle of Iuka-Battle at Corinth-Retreat
of the Enemy-Expedition of Gen. Hovey-Gen. Rosecrans takes command in Tennessee-Position of Gen. Bragg's
Forces Battle of Stone River,
CHAPTER XXIV.
Conclusion of the Campaign in Virginia-Gen. McClellan crosses the Potomac-Causes of his Delay-Presses Gen.
Lee-Gen. Burnside ordered to take Command-His Orders-Gen. Lee falls back-Advance of Gen. Burnside
toward Fredericksburg-Its Surrender Demanded-Occupied by Gen. Lee-Battle of Fredericksburg-Withdrawal
of Gen. Burnside's Forces-Losses,
272
282
. 299
CHAPTER XXV.
Attempt to capture Washington, North Carolina-Expedition from Port Royal-Attack on Baton Rouge-Con-
test near Donaldsonville-Attack on Vicksburg-Surrender of Natchez-Capture of Galveston-Attack on
the Federal Fleet and capture of several Vessels-Military Operations in New Mexico-Expedition to the
Indian Territory-Operations in Arkansas and Missouri-Campaign against the Northwestern Indians-Results
of the Year,
The Emancipation Proclamation-Action of Congress-Oath of Office required-Organization of West Virginia as a
State-Proceedings relative to the exchange of Prisoners-The Cartel agreed upon-Difficulties-Officers in the
Insurrectionary Service-Condition of Gen. Lee's Army in the Autumn of 1862-Appeal to the Southern Peo-
ple-Condition of the Federal Army-Organization of a Provost-Marshal's Department,
810
.818
CHAPTER XXVII.
The Campaign against Vicksburg-The Plan of Gen. Grant-The loss of Holly Springs: its consequences-Movement
of Gen. Sherman toward Vicksburg-Haines' Bluffs-Attack of Gen. Sherman on Chickasaw Bluffs-Failure-
Address to his Troops-Movement up the Arkansas River-Capture of Arkansas Post-Retires to Young's
Point-Arrival of Gen Grant-Work on the Canal opposite Vicksburg-Floods-Queen of the West runs the Bat-
teries at Vicksburg-Her Expedition down the Mississippi-Captures-Loss of the Queen of the West-Scenes
up the Red River-Approach of the Enemy's Gunboats The Indianola runs the Batteries-Her Destruction-
Attempt of Gen. Grant to cut a Channel to Lake Providence: also one to Moon Lake-Expedition of Admiral
Porter-Its Failure,
330
CHAPTER XXVIII.
Object of Gen. Grant to reach the rear of Vicksburg-His Movements-Transports and Gunboats run the Batteries-
Attack on Grand Gulf-Crossing the Mississippi by the Army-Change of base by Gen. Grant-Raid of Col.
Grierson through Mississippi-Advance of Gen. Grant to the Big Black River-Battles-Occupation of Jackson-
March on Vicksburg-Battles-March of Gen. Sherman to the Yazoo-Investment of Vicksburg-Siege-Surren-
der-Results, .
CHAPTER XXIX.
Campaign of Gen. Banks-The Naval Force-Action with the Batteries at Port Hudson-March of Gen. Banks west of
the Mississippi-Action at Brashear-Advance upon Alexandria-Its Capture-March to Semmesport-Crossing
the Mississippi-Attack on Port Hudson-Its Investment-Siege Surrender,
CHAPTER XXX.
345
365
·
Movement of Gen. Burnside to cross the Rappahannock-Storm-The Army returns to Camp-Gen. Hooker takes
command-Movement of Gen. Hooker across the Rappahannock-The Battle of Chancellorsville-Losses-The
death of Gen. "Stonewall" Jackson,
372
CHAPTER XXXI.
Position of the hostile Armies on the Rappahannock-The Military Departments-Advance of Gen. Lee toward the
Shenandoah Valley-Capture of Winchester and Martinsburg-Invasion of Maryland and Pennsylvania-Calls
for Troops from the Northern States-March of Gen. Hooker's Army-Plans of Gen. Lee-The Enemy in Penn-
sylvania,
884
CHAPTER XXXII.
Position of the Army of the Potomac-Gen. Hooker relieved by Gen. Meade-Concentration of the Enemy near
Gettysburg-Opening of the Battle-The Battle-Retreat of Gen. Lee-Pursued by Gen. Meade-Cooperating
Movements elsewhere-Advance of Gen. Rosecrans in Tennessee against Gen. Bragg-Raid of Gen. John Morgan
in Ohio, .
898
CHAPTER XXXIII.
Measures taken in the Insurrectionary Statcs to recruit their Armies-The Army of the United States-Con-
scription-The Draft: how made-Riots in New York, Boston, and elsewhere-Employment of Colored
Troops-Proceedings relative thereto - Organization of Hospitals-Expenditures-Materials-Ordnance and
Small Arms,. 412
CHAPTER XXXIV.
Operations of the Florida and Alabama-The bark Tacony-Capture of the Chesapeake-Damage to Federal
Commerce-Increase of the Federal Navy-Operations of the North Atlantic Squadron-Operations of the
South Atlantic Squadron-Attack on Fort McAllister-Attack on Charleston-Capture of the Atlanta-Other
Naval Operations,
489
CHAPTER XXXV.
Situation of Gen. Rosecrans-Attack on Fort Donelson-Expeditions of Colburn, Sheridan, Hall, and Col. Streight—
Advance of Gen. Rosecrans-Retreat of Gen. Bragg-Movement of Gen. Burnside-Other Movements-Occu-
pation of Chattanooga-Further advance of Gen. Rosecrans-Battle of Chickamauga-Firmness of Gen. Thomas-
Army concentrates at Chattanooga,
452
CHAPTER XXXVI.
General Grant ordered to the command at Chattanooga-Defeats Gen. Bragg-Movements of Gen. Burnside in East
Tennessee-Position of the Armies in Virginia-Advance of Gen. Meade to Mine Run-Gen. Gillmore's Oper-
stions before Charleston-Captures Morris Island-Opens fire on Fort Sumter and Charleston-Movements of Gen.
Banks in Texas-Operations in Missouri and Arkansas-Operations against the Indians in Minnesota-Desolations
by the Armies,
465
CHAPTER XXXVII.
Progress of Civil Affairs-Finances of the Insurrectionary States-Decay of Railroads-Crops-Mission of Mr. A.
H. Stephens His Report-President Lincoln's Statement of the Condition of Affairs-His Amnesty Procla-
mation-Efforts to secure the advantages of the Emancipation Proclamation-Freedmen-Federal Finances-Con-
fiscation-Exchange of Prisoners,
486
CHAPTER XXXVIII.
Position of the Armies at the beginning of 1864-Gen. Sherman's march to Meridian-Opposing movements of the
Enemy-Gen. Gillmore's movements in Florida-Battle of Olustee-Campaign of Gen. Banks on the Red River—
Battles-Cooperation of Gen. Steele-Its Results-Capture of Fort Pillow and slaughter of the Garrison-Unsuc-
cessful Operations in North Carolina,..
CHAPTER XXXIX.
Desultory Operations in Virginia-General Grant appointed Lieutenant-General-Reorganization of the Army of the
Potomac Gen. Sherman's Campaign against Atlanta-Its Plan-Battles-Manoeuvres approaching Atlanta-Its
Evacuation-Correspondence with the Authorities-Civilians sent away,
CHAPTER XL.
Reorganization of the Army of the Potomac-Plans of Gen. Grant-Advance of the Army under Gen. Grant-Crosses
the Rappahannock-First Day's Battle-Position of the Armies at Night-Burnside's Reserve brought on the
Field Subsequent Battles-March to the Left-Battles at Spottsylvania Court House-Thanksgivings at the
North-Disposal of the Wounded,
. 498
522
548
CHAPTER XLI.
Strength of the Army of the Potomac-Cooperating Movements-Cavalry Raid to cut Gen. Lee's Communications-
Advance of Gen. Averill in West Virginia-Advance of Gens. Crook and Sigel-Defeated by Gen. Breckinridge-
Movement of Gen. Butler up the James-Attempts to cut the Railroads-Attack on Fort Darling-Expedition of
Gen. Kautz,
561
CHAPTER XLII.
Concentration of Troops under Gen. Lee-Attempt to turn the Right of Gen Grant's Line-New Movement to the
Left-Gen. Grant reaches the North Anna-Position of the Armies-Gen. Grant crosses the Pamunkey-Re-
enforcements from Gen. Butler-Battle at Coal Harbor-Faiiure of the attempt to push the Enemy across the
Chickahominy-Crossing the James-Movement of Gen. Butier on Petersburg-Failure-Other Movements-Gen.
Grant before Petersburg-Condition of the Army,
570
CHAPTER XLIII.*
The Second Movement against Lynchburg-Gens. Crook, Averill, and Hunter-Movement of Gen. Morgan-Advance
of Gen. Hunter-Capture of Staunton, Lexington, &c.-He retreats to West Virginia-Invasion of Maryland--
Defeat of Gen. Wallace-Approach of the enemy to Baltimore-Attack on Washington-The Enemy retire-
Other Movements-Changes in the command of the Army of the James-Explosion of a Mine before Petersburg-
Battle at Reams' Station-Hatcher's Run,
581
CHAPTER XLIV.
The Sanitary Commission-Its Organization-Objects-Means of Transportation-Preventive Service-General Re-
lief Special Relief-Field Relief-Auxiliary Relief Corps-Receipts-Expenditures-Western Commission-
Other Sanitary Commissions-Christian Commission-Organization-Objects-Services-American Union Com-
mission-Objects,
594