Surveys.

two Engineer Officers, who shall report, in writing, the nature and extent of the accident or derangement, the cause thereof, the probable time of repair, and to whom, if to any one, blame in connexion therewith is to be attributed. The report is to embrace every detail necessary to a complete understanding of the case. The order of the survey shall accompany the report, which is to be made in duplicate, and forwarded to the Department by the first opportunity.

1076.... Whenever, in the opinion of the Commanding Officer of a vessel, any person attached to her is unfit for service, he shall, if on separate or detached service, order a survey to be held upon such person by the Medical Officers of the vessel, and such others as may be convenient, not exceeding three, though two will suffice where the full number cannot be procured. In extreme cases the survey may be conducted by the Medical Officer of the ship, but if serving in squadron the Commanding Officer of the vessel shall report all such cases to the officer in command of the squadron or Senior Officer present, who shall order the survey to be held. The board shall examine and report upon such person, in accordance with the form prescribed by the regulations of the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery. When the person is found unfit for duty, the report shall state the general character of the disease or injury, its probable duration as far as can be predicted, and in every case all the facts and circumstances connecting the disease or injury with the performance of duty or exposure incident thereto. Medical Officers are strictly forbidden to give unofficial certificates of ill health or inability to perform duty, and all such private or unofficial statements will be disregarded by the Department when officers present themselves for the purpose of seeking an extension of leave or change of duty. Whenever such person may be reported unfit for duty, and the survey is approved by the officer ordering it, he shall be disposed of as promptly as possible, in the manner recommended by the board, and in case of discharge from service, without reference to the state of his account.

1077....In case the person reported unfit for duty shall be found to have received his disability in the performance of duty, and is thereby entitled to a pension, the forms of the Pension Office, and the "Instructions of the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery," shall be strictly

Surveys....Leaves of Absence.

observed in preparing the reports and certificates. All reports of surveys, whether on account of temporary disability or for pension, shall be made out in duplicate, and be forwarded through the prescribed channels to the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery.

1078.... Besides the surveys above directed, the Commander of a vessel, when practicable, shall appoint, at the commencement of each regular quarter, to serve to the end of it, three suitable officers, to whom, as a continued board of survey, the Paymaster, or any other officer responsible for stores, shall refer, through the senior of the three, either verbally or in writing, all such articles in his department as he may judge to be unfit for use, or not to correspond with their marks in quantity or kind, provided they do not exceed in quantity, on any one occasion, the bulk of a package of clothing, or, in the case of provisions, two barrels; and this board shall survey and pronounce upon said articles, which, with the consent of the Commanding Officer, are to be disposed of accordingly.

1079... At the end of the quarter, or earlier if ordered, the board is to report in form, and in triplicate, to the Commanding Officer for his action and signature, separately for each department, and separately, also, in the case of clothing or small stores, upon all the articles it has condemned in the course of it, and the disposition which has been made of them, in order that these reports may answer as authenticated vouchers.

1080....Should any of the board die, or be detached, during the quarter, the above report is to be made up to the time of the occurrence, signed by the survivors in one case, who are to append a note as to the cause of the absence of more signatures, and by all the members in the other. In either event, another report is to be made at the end of the quarter, if surveys have been held in the mean time.

ARTICLE XXV.

LEAVES OF ABSENCE AND FURLOUGHS.

SECTION 1.

Leaves of Absence.

1081....Permission to leave the United States can only be granted by the Secretary of the Navy, and no officer is ever to leave the United

Leaves of Absence.

States under any leave of absence unless such leave shall expressly authorize it.

1082....Within the United States leave of absence for a longer time than one week will only be granted by the Secretary of the Navy, except in cases of great emergency, which must be immediately reported to him.

+1083....Commanding Officers, acting under the immediate orders of

the Secretary of the Navy, may, within the United States, grant leave of absence to persons under their command for not exceeding one week, provided it can be done without delaying the equipment of the vessel to which they may belong, or producing other injury to the public service, and that no leave is granted to any officer belonging to a vessel under sailing orders.

1084....Commanders-in-Chief of squadrons, and Commanders of navy yards or stations in the United States, shall not leave the limits of their command for a longer period than one week in any successive two months without the permission of the Secretary of the Navy.

1085....Permission will not hereafter be granted by Commanding Officers of squadrons or vessels in commission to any officer or man under their command to leave his station for any causes connected with health till a board of medical survey shall have pronounced such a measure essential to early recovery, or have reported the officer or man unfitted for further duty on his station; and Commanding Officers of squadrons abroad will not hereafter grant leaves of absence, unless authorized by the Navy Department, to officers to return to the United States, except upon the recommendation of a medical board of survey. This order is not intended to supersede the instructions of October 3, 1861, authorizing the Commanding Officer of a vessel detached from a squadron, or on separate service, to transfer sick or invalids upon the report of the medical officer of the vessel. Officers on leave, in consequence of medical survey or sick ticket, will report their state of health to the Department every fifteen days.

1086....Officers of the navy applying for a leave of absence, or an extension thereof, on the score of ill health, must forward at the same time to the Department the certificate of a surgeon in the navy, if

Leaves of Absence.

there be one in their vicinity, or, if there be no naval surgeon, of some respectable surgeon or physician, of their inability to perform duty. Such certificates must state the nature of the disease and the probable duration thereof, as far as can be judged.

1087....Unless otherwise directed by competent authority, temporary leave to officers may be granted by their Commanding Officers; but no such leave is to exceed twenty-four hours, unless sanctioned by the Commander-in-Chief or senior officer present.

1088....The petty officers and men belonging to vessels in the navy will be permitted to visit the shore on suitable occasions, when it can be done without injury to the public service. In foreign ports such permission will not be granted if objected to by the proper authorities thereof. The senior officer present must always be consulted before such leave in foreign ports is granted. Leaves of absence, or permission to go on liberty, will not be granted to any enlisted man by any person other than the Commanding Officer of the vessel to which he is attached; and should the Commanding Officer be absent on service, or on temporary leave, the officer left in command shall have no power to grant leave to any enlisted man unless specially authorized by the Commanding Officer. The names of those to whom leave is to be granted must be specified in writing, and signed by the Commanding Officer previous to his absenting himself from the vessel.

1089...Leave is not to be granted to men of a crew in debt to the Government unless they deposit as security the full amount of their indebtedness, and in no case unless, in the judgment of the Commanding Officer, there is no probability of desertion. Hereafter all funds deposited by enlisted men, as security for their return from absence on leave, and forfeited by their desertion, and any bounty money or advanced pay refunded by minors or others discharged from the service, will be deposited by the Paymaster with the nearest United States Assistant Treasurer; the advance pay to the credit of "pay of the navy," and the bounty and other money to the appropriation for naval bounties. The certificate of deposit, in the case of advanced pay, is to be transmitted to the Navy Department, and in other cases to the Bureau of Equipment and Recruiting, to be sent to the Fourth Auditor of the Treasury.

Furloughs.---Correspondence.

SECTION 2.

Furloughs.

1090....Officers can only be placed on furlough by the Secretary of the Navy or by sentence of a court-martial.

1091....Officers on furlough are not to wear their uniforms, except on occasions of special ceremonies.

ARTICLE XXVI.

Correspondence.

1092....Officers of the navy and marine corps, and all other persons connected with the naval service, will observe the following rules in their correspondence with the Secretary of the Navy and the bureaus of the Department:

1093....All communications are to be written in a clear and legible hand, in concise terms, without erasures or interlineations, and on one side only of each half sheet.

1094...If the subject-matter can be completed on one page, and no communications or papers are enclosed with the letter, a half sheet only shall be used; but if communications or papers are enclosed with the letter, a whole sheet shall be used, and such communications or papers shall be placed between the leaves.

1095....Enclosures are to be separately numbered, and referred to

accordingly.

1096....The paper used is to be white foolscap, 13 by 161⁄2 inches, weighing sixteen pounds to the ream, and made of linen stock; to be stop-ruled, with twenty-four blue lines on the first and third pages only, leaving one inch margin back and front, top and bottom.

1097. Separate letters are to be written on separate subjects. 1098....Letters are to be folded twice, parallel with the ruling, indorsed with the name and rank of the writer, place or vessel, date, and brief statement of the contents.