Military Honors, Ceremonies, and Salutes. nations in foreign ports, or at sea, when commanded by Flag-Officers, on being assured of a return, gun for gun; and when they themselves are saluted by foreign vessels-of-war, they are to give in return, gun for gun. The national flag of the vessel saluted shall be displayed at the fore. 99. Vessels of the Navy may participate in celebrating the national festivals of a country, while lying in one of its ports, by hoisting the ensign of that country at either the fore or main, as circumstances may require, and firing salutes; and they may also participate in a similar way, while lying in a foreign port, in celebrating the national festivals of any other country in amity with ours besides the one to which the port belongs, if in effect invited so to do. In such cases, the colors shall be hauled down with those of the foreign ships, or forts, whose national festival is celebrated. And in case of foreign vessels-of-war lying in our ports and celebrating their national festivals, the Commander of the station, or senior officer present, may participate in the celebration, as provided for when lying in a foreign port. 100....Foreign officials visiting our ships and stations will receive the salutes and honors prescribed for persons of the same rank in the service of the United States. 101....Whenever any person for whom a salute has been provided in the preceding articles shall embark on board a vessel of the Navy for passage, he shall be entitled to the same salute as if he were visiting such vessel, and also to the same salute on disembarking. 102....Should it occur that any foreign official of high rank or distinction, whose reception has not been provided for in the foregoing paragraphs, should visit any vessel or naval station of the United States, he may be received with the salutes and honors assigned to him by his own country. 103....No salute is ever to exceed twenty-one guns; all salutes must be fired between sunrise and sunset, and the national colors must always be displayed at the time. On the occasion of a visit by any person entitled to one salute, such salute shall be fired on his arrival on board, or at the station. 104....No vessel of the Navy is to lower her sails, or dip her colors to another vessel of the Navy; but should a foreign vessel, or a merchant Military Honors, Ceremonies, and Salutes. vessel of the United States, dip her colors, or lower her sails, the compliment will be returned. 105... Cheers shall never be given as a compliment to any officer, or man, on joining a vessel of the Navy, or while attached to or being detached from her. 106....Vessels of the Navy are not to salute any functionary of the United States, in a foreign port, until the proper honors have been paid to the flag of the nation to which the port belongs. 107....The Commander of a squadron, on arriving at a foreign port, is to call in person and pay the first visit to the diplomatic functionaries of the United States thereat, whose rank is of and above that of Chargé d'Affaires; and the Commander of a vessel of the Navy, on so arriving, is to so call and first visit the functionaries of our government thereat, whose rank is of and above that of Consul General. The Commander of a squadron, on so arriving, is to send a suitable officer to visit the consular officer, and tender to him a passage to the flag-ship; and the Commander of a vessel of the Navy, on so arriving, is to send an officer, who is to visit the consular officer, and if he be of the rank of Consul General, to inform him of the presence of the ship and of the Commander's intention to visit him, unless the latter should find it convenient to make the visit at that time; if of lower rank than Consul General, to offer him a passage to the ship. 108. Whenever any vessel of the Navy may be lying in a foreign port, or may enter such port, and foreign vessels-of-war of nations in amity with us may be at anchor there, or may enter, it shall be the duty of the Commanding Officer to render to such vessels all such civilities as may be customary, and to reciprocate fully all such as may be extended to himself. 109....Officers in boats not laden, nor engaged in towing, are, on meeting or passing other boats, to observe the following ceremonies as marks of respect, according as they may be under oars or sail; and the officers to whom the salutes are made are to be careful to acknowledge them promptly by raising their caps: To a boat with the flag of a Rear-Admiral, or the broad pendant of a Commodore, boats with a narrow pendant are to lie on their oars, or let fly their sheets, and Military Honors, Ceremonies, and Salutes. boats without any pendants are to toss their oars, or lower their sails. In both cases officers in them are to salute by raising their caps. In the case of two boats meeting or passing, each with the same insignia of a Commanding Officer, the junior officer in rank or seniority is first to salute the other by raising his cap. Officers in boats meeting or passing their own immediate Commander in a boat with his pendant flying, are to salute him by lying on their oars, or letting fly their sheets and raising their caps; and in passing each other the salute of raising the cap is always to be mutually made, but first by the junior in rank or seniority. All officers inferior in grade to the Commanding Officer of another vessel than the one to which they belong, are, on passing him in a boat with his pendant flying, to lie on their oars, or let fly their sheets, and raise their caps; if equal in grade, but junior in seniority, they will salute by raising their caps. All juniors, though wearing a pendant, will first salute their seniors not in command by raising their caps, except the Commander of a vessel on passing one of the boats belonging to his own vessel, which will always salute as provided for above, even if a senior be a passenger in it. Cockswains steering boats are, whenever Commissioned Officers are saluted, to stand up and raise their caps; and whenever Warrant Officers are saluted, they are to raise their caps only. The officer and Cockswain of loaded boats, or of boats engaged in towing, shall salute a boat with the flag of a Rear-Admiral, or the broad pendant of a Commodore, by standing and raising their caps. On passing boats with a narrow pendant, or with Commissioned Officers on board, the Cockswain shall stand, and both he and the officer shall raise their caps. Boats containing superiors of other grades shall be saluted as already provided for. When boats are rowing in the same direction, an inferior is not to pass his superior in grade, unless he be on urgent duty, or authorized by the superior. When boats are pursuing opposite directions, the rule of the road, to prevent fouling, is that both should put their helms to port, circumstances permitting. When boats are approaching the same landing or vessel, an inferior is always to yield the way to a superior in grade. Boats about leaving the ship's side with inferiors are to give way in ample season to others approaching it with superiors. No boat is ever to be permitted to remain unnecessarily at a landing or gangway, or to Military Honors, Ceremonies, and Salutes ....Funeral Honors. be moored at the booms so as to interfere with boats coming to or leaving the gangway. 110...-A sentinel at a gangway is to present arms to all officers coming on board or leaving the vessel, of and above the rank of Lieutenant Commander, and to carry arms to all other Commissioned Officers; but neither this ceremony, nor that of piping the side, is to take place except during the hours when the colors should be displayed. And, after tattoo, all side lights but one may be dispensed with, except in the case of a visit or departure of a foreign officer. 111....All inferiors, in passing a superior, either afloat or on shore, or in addressing him on duty, shall raise their caps, and superiors are strictly enjoined to return such salutes in the same way. The fact that an officer is not on duty, nor in uniform, shall not be regarded as an excuse for any act of disrespect or omission of naval courtesy on the part of an officer towards a superior whose rank he knows. No personal feelings are to be allowed to interfere with official courtesy, or pleaded as an excuse for its neglect. All persons having occasion to address the Executive Officer, or the Officer of the Deck, on matters of duty, shall always raise their caps. 112....Every officer, or man, on reaching the quarter-deck, either from a boat or below, or on leaving it to go over the side, is tɔ salute it by raising his cap, and this is to be acknowledged in return, and in the same way, by all the officers of the watch at hand. 113....On board vessels having an accommodation ladder shipped at each gangway, the starboard gangway is to be reserved for the use of the cabin and wardroom officers and their visitors; the port gangway for all others. When one accommodation ladder only is shipped, it is to be used indiscriminately by all officers. 114....Officers and men are not to omit, on any occasion, to extend to officers of the Army of the United States, and to all foreign officers, the courtesy and mark of respect due to their rank, when passing in boats or meeting on shore. SECTION 2. Funeral Honors. 115....On the receipt of official intelligence of the death of the President of the United States, the senior officer present shall, on the Funeral Honors. following day, cause the ensign of each vessel under his authority to be hoisted at half-mast from sunrise to sunset, and a gun to be fired by his vessel every half hour, beginning at sunrise and ending at sunset. At naval stations the same ceremonies are to be observed. 116....On the death of a Commander of a fleet, squadron, or division, occurring at sea, the ensigns of all the vessels present, and the distinctive flag of command which he wore, shall be hoisted halfmast during the performance of the funeral ceremony, and on committing the body to the deep, the flag-ship shall fire as many minute guns as he was entitled to receive for a salute when alive, and finally, haul down his flag at the last one of these guns. If occurring in port, the ensigns and distinctive flag mentioned shall be hoisted half-mast during each day from that of his decease until sunset of the one on which the funeral service is performed, and, on sending the body to the shore, the number of minute guns indicated above is to be fired. The escort will fire three volleys of musketry over the grave. 117....On the death of a Commodore, or any other officer commanding a vessel, occurring at sea, the ensigns of all the vessels present, and the pendant of the vessel he commanded, shall be hoisted half-mast during the performance of the funeral ceremony; and on committing the body to the deep, the vessel he commanded shall fire as many minute guns as he was entitled to receive from his superior as a return salute when alive. If occurring in port, the pendant of the vessel he commanded shall be hoisted half-mast during each day from that of his decease until sunset of the one on which the funeral service is performed; and, on sending the body to the shore, all the vessels present are to half-mast their ensigns until sunset, and the number of minute guns indicated is to be fired. The escort will fire three volleys of musketry over the grave. 118....On the death of a Commissioned Officer, other than those already mentioned, occurring at sea, the ensigns of all the vessels present shall be hoisted half-mast during the performance of the funeral service; and, if occurring in port, said ensigns are to be so hoisted during the time that the body is being conveyed to the shore, and until the return of the funeral escort to the ship. In either case, after |