quired of others about Dr. Hodge, they
would say
"How is Charlie?"

At the semi centennial of his connection with the Princeton Seminary a great crowd assembled to do him honor. By that time three thousand ministers had sat at his feet, and regarded him as their spiritual father. He was too infirm to sit up during the whole of the festive services. On a sofa in the pulpit he was lying down. When President Woolsey, of Yale College, told how he had loved this friend of his youth during fifty years, Dr. Hodge rose up and kissed him. "How do you stand all that?" asked one, when eloquent eulogies were spoken; he said: Why, it seems to me they are talking about some other man." Fearing that the excitement might overtax his feeble powers, he was asked towards the close of the services how he felt. Laughing, be said: "I never felt so mean in all my life."

"6

Conflicts and hindrances manfully met and overcome help to give the hardness of a brave soldier to individual character. The history of Church and State show that a large portion of the brightest, best, and most useful men in prominent and obscure places fought their way out of poverty up into grand characters. Many a youth performed day labor, taught school, or toiled at the mechanic's bench in order to procure the needed money to obtain an education. Many have walked hundreds of miles in going to and returning from college and boarded themselves, the enduring of which trials formed not the least important part of their education. Such, too, Charles Hodge endured.

be the better for enduring. And the church and the world would benefit by the experience. Such training the sons of the church in Scotland get. Would to God that every one of His ministers had it!

IN the article of the last number of the GUARDIAN entitled "The Funeral in Nain," on page 361, we erroneously credited Henry Kirk White with a few lines of poetry, which the reader will find in Wordsworth's Excursion. We confess that in this case we have been caught napping, and hasten to make the proper correction. And we furthermore thank a worthy clerical reader, who has kindly called our attention to it. He adds: "I fully agree with you that the sentiment of the verse is not in harmony with the teaching of God's Word. It is, however, in harmony with the teachings of not a few sermons preached at the funerals of infants." What the GUARDIAN says of Kirk White's talents and character, and of the heresy of the poetry in question, is true, only he is not the author of it.

Over Land and Sea,

BY EDWIN A. GERNANT.

XV. Am Genfer See.

To the thousand and one attractions of a country like Switzerland, a country which never grows old, and of which no pen can ever hope to make a description in all respects faithful and satisfactory, distance serves only to contribute an ever-increasing enchantment. Like a beautiful panorama her lakes and mountains passed in succession before us, leaving impressions that can never be wholly lost. Since our return we have experienced but one regret concerning our visit to this historic Alp-guarded republic, namely, that time did not permit

His father died when he was six months old, leaving him and his brother, eighteen months older, to the care of their mother, with scanty means of support. That lone mother, by her own exertions, gave those two sons their academic, collegiate, and professional education. The older son became a great Doctor of Medicine; the younger a more intimate and continued acquaintbecame a great Doctor of Divinity-ance with her matchless wonders. Up Charles Hodge. The struggles of child- to the last she maintained that same rare hood and youth through which, without fascination with which her crags and help from church or friends, he was peaks from the very beginning enborne into the ministry were good for him. chained us. Still, we cannot but acknowWhat she did for him, every mother may ledge that the five days spent in Geneva, do: what he endured,every student would with its quieter beauty and warmer

blue color, reminding one of the Medi-
terranean. Sir Humphrey Davy sup-
posed this to be owing to the presence
of large quantities of iodine, a theory,
however, not universally endorsed by
Swiss scientists. The great size of the
lake, as compared with similar bodies
in Switzerland, has induced more gene-
ral navigation. Now and then one may
discover the graceful lateen sails of the
Archipelago, commonly known
"goose-wings." Along the banks, fer-
tile and vine-clad, towns and villages
enliven the scene. The mountains ap-
pear less rugged and threatening, not-
withstanding the nearness of Mont Blanc
and other celebrated peaks.

as

The Rhone is spanned by numerous bridges, beneath which the river rushes violently as though eager to be at rest. Here and there, alongside of the boiling blue waters, washerwomen in crowds of ten or twenty are to be seen, busy at work, rubbing, wringing, and rinsing; the muscles of their sturdy arms swelling like whip-cords as they lean over the low wooden balustrade which edges the stream. These bridges, of which there are six, connect the old and new portions of the city and form one of its most attractive features. The Pont du Mont Blanc is the highest and handsomest of them all. From the Quai of the same name one may obtain a more or less complete view of that group of the Alps of which Mont Blanc is most famous. Indeed many travelers content themselves with this glimpse of the monarch of snow-clad peaks, and we did not feel disposed to furnish in ourselves an exception to the general rule. Only once or twice, however, were we certain that it was really the mountain which we beheld, and every day our landlady promised us a clearer and fuller view on "ze morrow." Still, at least one of the peaks of the Mont Blanc chain was nearly always visible, and since many

46

He who hath loved not, here would learn that of these are by no means inconsiderable in size, (the Aiguilles du Midi for example) our searching eyes were seldom disappointed.

clime, prepared us in great measure for the Italian excursion immediately succeeding. The city of the great Reformer is neither Swiss, nor French, nor Italian, but combines, in greater or less degree, some of the peculiar characteristics of these three nationalities.

It was nearly noon when we left Lausanne. After a three hours' run across the most extensive, and in some respects the most charming of all the Swiss lakes our little steamer lay moored near

the blue rushing of the arrowy Rhone."

Directly in front of us rises the National Monument erected in memory of the union in 1814 of the little state of Geneva with the other cantons of the Confederation. A moment later, and from the beautiful grounds of the adjoining Jardin du Lac we look out upon the lovely expanse of Lake Leman's placid waters now silvering in the western sun. There has been no limit to the enthusiasm of this celebrated inland sea's distinguished votaries. "Geneva," says Alexander Dumas, "sleeps like an Eastern queen above the banks of the lake, her head reposing on the base of Mount Saleve, her feet kissed by each advaucing wave." With boasting pride Voltaire exclaims-"Mon Lac est le premier." Byron indulges in some of his purest flights when descanting on its beauties. In the third canto of Childe Harold's Pilgrimage he sings as follows:

"Clear placid Leman! thy contrasted lake
With the wild world I dwell in is a thing
Which warns me with its stillness, to forsake
Earth's troubled water for a purer spring."

And again, when he tells of "sweet Clarens, birthplace of deep love," who does not recall the passionate lines with which he celebrates Rousseau's kissrewarded retreat:

lore,

And make his heart a spirit; he who knows
That tender mystery, will love the more,
For this is love's recess;

*
*

*

*
*

Commercially, Geneva is celebrated for its watches and music boxes. It has

*

Here the Rhone

Hath spread himself a couch, the Alps have been estimated that the city produces no less than one hundred thousand of each of these annually. Many of our readers.

reared a throne."

The waters of the lake are of a deep will remember the time when to have a

*

*

*

Swiss watch was to have a treasure invaluable. Latterly, American watches have come to be generally regarded as the very best in the market, and even fashion, for once has yielded to fact. Geneva watches are, however, still highly esteemed. Their size makes them the especial favorite, among ladies, and they are certainly one of the most desirable memorials of a visit to Geneva. In the manufacture of musical boxes, on the contrary, the city acknowledges no such overshadowing rivalry. She continues to enjoy the deserved monopoly of the trade, and produces instruments of every grade of excellence, varying in price from five francs to seven thousand francs. As might be expected the most expensive boxes are very elaborate in style and workmanship. A fourteen hundred dollar instrument will play about forty-five tunes, with volume sufficient to fill a large hall. Besides the regular box," if such it may always be called (for some of them are in size and shape not unlike a square-grand piano,) there are all sorts of fanciful music-making surprises and curiosities. "There are musical chairs, which play when you sit down upon them, musical decanters, which strike up a merry air, such as "The Flowing Bowl," when you pour anything out of them, musical snuff-boxes, musical flower-pots, and musical toys of every description.'

66

Switzerland. His sermon is blasphemous from beginning to end, and as he scoffs at the Bible and ridicules the creed of the church his face grows dark with the fierceness of his hatred for the esta blished order. In bold and ringing tones he exalts poor human reason and prophesies the speedy downfall of orthodoxy. The days of the Christian myth are numbered and faith in the Incarnate Son of God, faith in that which science has proved an impossibility, will soou take its place among the follies of the past. A very Mephistopheles he seems, defiling the sanctuary of the most High and offering strange fires upon the altar of that God whom he affects to despise. Alas! scepticism preys upon the very vitals of this otherwise blessed people. Rousseau has indeed become the tutelary deity of beautiful Geneva, and a tidal wave of infidelity threatens to swamp the institutions of Switzerland. True, there are many who still adhere to the good old faith, but the rationalistic party have proved themselves wiser than the children of light. Here in the glorious fastnesses of nature the devil wars most successfully against nature's God.

Our second day in Geneva was to us of unusual though painful interest. It is Sunday morning. Crossing the Rhone and ascending the Cour St. Pierre let us enter the Cathedral. Surely here in the very church where John Calvin once proclaimed the gospel of Christ, and in the city where he realized his dream of a church-state we may hope to hear the faith of the fathers preached in its purity. The Reformed is the established church of Switzerland, the pastors being appointted by the officers of the state delegated

Such a state of spiritual night among many of our own church people, was truly distressing, but through all the gloom the rising star of a triumphing church can already be discerned. Since our return Geneva has, indeed, largely redeemed herself. Across the seas comes the most cheering news. During several years past a compromise between the opposing factions in the ecclesiastical board of the canton had prevailed, in virtue of which the rationalists held services alternately with the orthodox, party whenever a congregation was thus unfortunately divided. Lately, however, at the instance of the former who counted without their host, the general subject was submitted to the suffrages of the people. A large vote was polled. The peasantry flocked

to such spiritual supervision. A black-in on all sides. The whole canton was thoroughly alive to the importance of the trial, and the result showed a complete rout of the sceptics. A majority of twenty thousand has vindicated the fair fame of the canton of Geneva.

robed figure ascends the pulpit and, looking nervously about him, sis down in the very same chair once used by the great Reformer. Pastor and congregation unite in the prescribed liturgical service. Not until the former rises to preach do we discover the awful visitation which calls such a man the minister of God, revealing the present, crying curse of

The afternoon service in the cathedral was in French-that of the morning had been in German-and this we were told was conducted by another minister, and

for the benefit of those of he congrega-
tion who adhered to the faith of the
church. On our way back to the Place
des Alpes we turned aside into the Rue
de Chauvines and took a peep at No.
11, the house of Calvin, in which he
lived from 1543 until his death in 1564.
An unpretentious stone building, long
since practically forgotten by the Gene-
vese, it had evidently been neglected and
much changed. We were not a little
disappointed to find the home of the
great Reformer thus indifferent to the
memory of him who, more than any
other, had given it a claim to undying
fame as the Protestant Rome of the XVI.
century. But men are not to be judged
by such narrow considerations of time
and place. Calvin belongs not to Ge-
neva but to the world. The principles
for which he contended will live forever,
and are to-day the birthright of hundreds
of thousands of pious souls. Though we
may not be willing to endorse many of
his peculiar views, though in some
respects we may even regret that his
disposition was so uncompromising and
firm, still no fair mind can ever refuse
to render him just praise for the good
which he accomplished, for the great work
which he performed. Theologically his
services to Christanity can hardly be
overestimated. He has frequently and
deservedly been called "the Aristotle of
Protestantism, the peer of Augustine and
Thomas Aquinas." Lord Lytton refers
to him as "the loftiest of reformers, one
whose influence has been the most wide
and lasting. Wherever property is se-
cure, wherever thought is free, you trace
the inflexible, inquisitive, unconquerable
soul of Calvin.” The greatest minds of

in culture, refinement, consistency and
moral self-control. Both were head-
strong and will-strong, but Calvin was
more open to argument and less obsti-
nate. He had no children to write to
and to play with around the Christmas
tree, like Luther, but he appears to
better advantage in his relations with
men and women He treated them, even
the much younger Beza, as equals, over-
looked minor differences, and in correct-
ing their faults expected manly frank-
ness from them in return; while Luther
growing more irritable and overbearing
with advancing years, made even Me-
lanchthon tremble and fear."
A year
before Luther's death, in 1545, Calvin
sent him a letter in which we find these
noble and touching words: "If I could
only fly to you and enjoy your society,
even for a few hours! But since this
privilege is not granted to me on earth,
I hope I may soon enjoy it m the king-
dom above. Farewell, most illustrious
man, most excellent minister of Christ,
and father forever venerable to me.
May the Lord continue to guide you by
His Spirit to the end for the common
good of His Church." One cannot but
love the man who could write thus to his
avowed and violent opponent, nor yet
fail to regret that such was the fierce
hatred of the latter that, as the historian
relates, even Melanchthon was afraid to
hand this letter to the old lion on account
of his excited state of feeling against the
Swiss. Calvin died in the very prime
of a useful and vigorous manhood, be-
loved and mourned by all who had
known him. Though known to have
been buried in the little cemetery on
Plainpalnis, his grave remains uuidenti-

6.

his own generation as well as of more re-fied, for he had forbidden the erection of cent times, have borne testimony to his any monument to his memory. But his transcendent ability, even his most bitter work lives on. To the above brief referantagonists recognizing his prominence ence to his life and labor we may yet be among the systematic divines and exe- permitted to add in conclusion a quotation getes of all ages." Melanchthon did not from the Roman Catholic historian, hesitate to call him the Theologian, rank- Kampschulte's admirable eulogy on his ing him with Gregory of Nazianzen. His world-celebrated INSTITUTES. "Sein personal character challenges the most Lehrbuch der christlichen Religion searching inquiry. Renan feels himself bringt die kirchliche Revolution in ein constrained to acknowledge him as "the System, das durch logische Schaerfe, most Christian man of his generation." Klarheit des Gedankens, ruecksichtslose Says Dr. Schaff: "He lacked the good Consequenz, die vor nichts zurueck bebt, nature, the genial humor, the German noch heute unser Staunen und unsere Gemuethlichkeit, the overflowing hu- Bewunderung erregt. Es ist ohne Frage manity of Luther, but he surpassed him das hervorragendste und bedeutendste

No Room for Jesus.

O plodding life! crowded so full
Of earthly toil and care!
The body's daily need receives
The first and last concern and leaves
No room for Jesus there.

Erzeugniss, welches die reformatorische an eye for the humorous side of life and Literatur des sechzehnten Jahrhunderts auf dem Gebiete der Dogmatik aufzuweisen hat."

a tender sympathizing heart for the lowly and unfortunate. He always gets over the rough places in his path with a light and a hopeful heart. In this respect he reminds one of Stephens.

At Canton he bought a few "birds' nests," at fifty cents apiece, of which the Chinese make a rare kind of soup. They were not composed of sticks and straws, but of "a whitish sort of gelatine, brittle to the touch, insipid in the taste, and about the size and shape of an ordinary clam-shell." These nests are found attached to the most inaccessible cliffs and rocks among the islands of the South Chinese Sea, and are obtained with great difficulty by suspending men and boys by ropes over the cliffs. The feathers and other rubbish picked out, and the gelatine is made. into a soup, costing about $5 a dish.

are

Among other delicacies offered at Chinese restaurants, he mentions joints of roast dog and roast rats freshly caught, and snakes "nicely browned."

O busy brain! by night and day
Working, with patience rare,
Problems of worldly loss or gain,
Thinking till thought becomes a pain ;
No room for Jesus there.

O throbbing heart! so quick to feel,
In other's woes to share,

Yet human love each power inthrall,
And sordid treasures fill it all;

No room for Jesus there.

O sinful soul! thus to debase
The being God doth spare!
Blood-bought, thou art no more thine own:
Heart, brain, life, are His alone;
Make room for Jesus there—

Lest soon the bitter day shall come
When vain will be thy prayer,
To find in Jesus' heart a place;
Forever closed the door of grace,
Thou'lt gain no entrance there.

Life in China.*

We have introduced the author of this work to our readers through an earlier volume on "Life and Adventures in Japan." That volume was written after a residence of four years among the people whom he describes. This work describes the result of an extended journey, from Hong Kong to the Himalayas, illustrated with more than 30 pictures. If not in all respects equal to the prece ling volume, we must bear in mind that in this book he writes as a tourist, whilst in the other he wrote as a resident among the natives, and an educator of their youth. Prof. Clark is a clear, graphic, sprightly writer, with

From Hong Kong to the Himalayas; Or, Three Thousand Miles through India. Illustrated from original photographs. By E. Warren Clark. American Tract Society. 1512 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia. pp. 368. Price, 150.

Chinese students reach their honors through severer tests than those of the United States. Triennial examinations are held in the city of Canton. Often as many as 10,000 students present themselves from different parts of the Empire. They are of all ages, young and old. They have passed the first test in their own province, and received the first degree. This examination is to "Each appliget the second degree. cant is stripped, searched, and placed in a brick stall scarcely four feet square; two plain boards serve as a table and seat. Pen, ink and paper are furnished him, and a subject, or series of questions in Chinese classics assigned, upon which an e-say must be prepared. One day and night are allowed for writing. During this time no communication is permitted with the outside world, and the diet is just sufficient to keep the candidate from starving. There are three sessions, with three days' interval between.", The stalls are kept closely guarded. A mistake in a single character condemns the whole. Out of 10,000 students only seventy-five are able to pass the test and attain the degree. Their names are publicly announced, with great marks of honor. They are then sent to Pekin to pass another test