Cosmochemistry: The Melting Pot of the ElementsC. Esteban, R. J. García López, A. Herrero, F. Sánchez Cambridge University Press, 18 мар. 2004 г. The chemical composition of the Universe has evolved over billions of years. A host of astrophysical processes and observations must be understood in order to explain why celestial objects have the chemical compositions observed. Originally published in 2004, this book contains the lectures delivered at the XIII Canary Islands Winter School of Astrophysics, which was dedicated to reviewing current knowledge about the origin and evolution of the chemical elements in the Universe. Written by seven prestigious astrophysics researchers, it covers cosmological and stellar nucleosynthesis, abundance determinations in stars and ionised nebulae, chemical composition of nearby and distant galaxies, and models of chemical evolution of galaxies and intracluster medium. This is a timely review of developments in cosmochemistry over the last decade. |
Содержание
1 | |
The Early Evolution of the Universe | 2 |
Big Bang Nucleosynthesis and the Primordial Abundances | 6 |
Observational Status of the Relic Abundances | 9 |
Confrontation of Theoretical Predictions with Observational Data | 18 |
BBN In NonStandard Models | 23 |
Summary References | 27 |
Stellar Nucleosynthesis N Langer 1 Introduction 2 Nucleosynthesis in Massive Stars | 31 |
Observational Methods for Measuring Abundances | 172 |
Abundances in Local Group Dwarf Elliptical Galaxies | 184 |
Abundance Profiles in Spirals and Irregulars | 188 |
Element Abundance Ratios in Spiral and Irregular Galaxies | 201 |
Open Questions and Concluding Remarks | 211 |
References | 212 |
115 | 215 |
121 | 216 |
The sProcess | 32 |
Nucleosynthesis in Binary Systems 5 The Most Massive Stars References Observational Aspects Of Stellar Nucleosynthesis D L Lambert 1 Introductio... | 48 |
Stellar Nucleosynthesis A Site Survey | 82 |
Numbers and Notation | 84 |
Pioneering Tales | 86 |
An Assumption and a Warning | 87 |
Black Boxes and Black Magic | 89 |
Lithium Beryllium and Boron | 94 |
Stellar Spectroscopy and the sProcess | 102 |
Concluding Remarks References | 110 |
Abundance Determinations In HII Regions And Planetary Nebulae G Stasińska 1 Introduction | 115 |
Basic Physics of Photoionized Nebulae | 116 |
Basics of abundance determinations in ionized nebulae | 121 |
Main problems and uncertainties in abundance determinations | 128 |
Observational results on abundances in HII regions of the Milky Way | 141 |
87 | 142 |
Observational results on abundances in planetary nebulae | 147 |
89 | 154 |
References | 161 |
102 | 164 |
110 | 165 |
Element Abundances In Nearby Galaxies D R Garnett 1 Introduction | 171 |
Chemical Evolution Of Galaxies And Intracluster Medium F Matteucci 1 Basic parameters of chemical evolution | 217 |
The stellar birthrate | 218 |
Nucleosynthesis | 220 |
Modelling chemical evolution | 224 |
Equations with Type Ia and II SNe | 226 |
The formation and evolution on the Milky Way | 228 |
Disks of Other Spirals | 234 |
Conclusions on the Milky Way and other spirals | 236 |
Elliptical Galaxies | 237 |
Conclusions on Elliptical | 244 |
Chemical Enrichment of the ICM | 249 |
Conclusions on the ICM | 251 |
References | 252 |
Element Abundances Through The Cosmic Ages M Pettini | 256 |
Introduction | 257 |
Damped Lya Systems | 259 |
The Lyman Alpha Forest | 272 |
Lyman Break Galaxies | 278 |
Bringing It All Together | 289 |
295 | |
298 | |
Часто встречающиеся слова и выражения
a/Fe abundance gradients abundance ratios AGB stars baryon bulge burning chemical evolution clusters column density convective core derived disk DLAS dust element abundances ellipticals emission line energy enrichment Esteban Fe/H Ferland Figure fraction Galactic bulge galactic wind Garnett H II regions halo helium hydrogen interstellar medium ionization irregular galaxies isotopes Kennicutt Langer log O/H luminosity Lya forest main sequence mass loss mass stars massive stars MATTEUCCI measurements metal-poor metallicity MNRAS neutron nuclei nucleosynthesis nuclides observed optical oxygen abundance parameter PEIMBERT Pettini photoionization models photons planetary nebulae predicted primordial produced progenitors recombination red giant redshift Renzini rotation s-process sample solar spectra spectroscopy spectrum spirals star formation Stasińska stellar evolution stellar mass stellar nucleosynthesis stellar populations stellar winds supernova temperature Type Ia universe values velocity Wavelength white dwarf yields