Cosmochemistry: The Melting Pot of the Elements

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C. Esteban, R. J. García López, A. Herrero, F. Sánchez
Cambridge University Press, 18 мар. 2004 г.
The chemical composition of the Universe has evolved over billions of years. A host of astrophysical processes and observations must be understood in order to explain why celestial objects have the chemical compositions observed. Originally published in 2004, this book contains the lectures delivered at the XIII Canary Islands Winter School of Astrophysics, which was dedicated to reviewing current knowledge about the origin and evolution of the chemical elements in the Universe. Written by seven prestigious astrophysics researchers, it covers cosmological and stellar nucleosynthesis, abundance determinations in stars and ionised nebulae, chemical composition of nearby and distant galaxies, and models of chemical evolution of galaxies and intracluster medium. This is a timely review of developments in cosmochemistry over the last decade.
 

Содержание

From The Big Bang To The Present Universe G Steigman 1 Introduction
1
The Early Evolution of the Universe
2
Big Bang Nucleosynthesis and the Primordial Abundances
6
Observational Status of the Relic Abundances
9
Confrontation of Theoretical Predictions with Observational Data
18
BBN In NonStandard Models
23
Summary References
27
Stellar Nucleosynthesis N Langer 1 Introduction 2 Nucleosynthesis in Massive Stars
31
Observational Methods for Measuring Abundances
172
Abundances in Local Group Dwarf Elliptical Galaxies
184
Abundance Profiles in Spirals and Irregulars
188
Element Abundance Ratios in Spiral and Irregular Galaxies
201
Open Questions and Concluding Remarks
211
References
212
115
215
121
216

The sProcess
32
Nucleosynthesis in Binary Systems 5 The Most Massive Stars References Observational Aspects Of Stellar Nucleosynthesis D L Lambert 1 Introductio...
48
Stellar Nucleosynthesis A Site Survey
82
Numbers and Notation
84
Pioneering Tales
86
An Assumption and a Warning
87
Black Boxes and Black Magic
89
Lithium Beryllium and Boron
94
Stellar Spectroscopy and the sProcess
102
Concluding Remarks References
110
Abundance Determinations In HII Regions And Planetary Nebulae G Stasińska 1 Introduction
115
Basic Physics of Photoionized Nebulae
116
Basics of abundance determinations in ionized nebulae
121
Main problems and uncertainties in abundance determinations
128
Observational results on abundances in HII regions of the Milky Way
141
87
142
Observational results on abundances in planetary nebulae
147
89
154
References
161
102
164
110
165
Element Abundances In Nearby Galaxies D R Garnett 1 Introduction
171
Chemical Evolution Of Galaxies And Intracluster Medium F Matteucci 1 Basic parameters of chemical evolution
217
The stellar birthrate
218
Nucleosynthesis
220
Modelling chemical evolution
224
Equations with Type Ia and II SNe
226
The formation and evolution on the Milky Way
228
Disks of Other Spirals
234
Conclusions on the Milky Way and other spirals
236
Elliptical Galaxies
237
Conclusions on Elliptical
244
Chemical Enrichment of the ICM
249
Conclusions on the ICM
251
References
252
Element Abundances Through The Cosmic Ages M Pettini
256
Introduction
257
Damped Lya Systems
259
The Lyman Alpha Forest
272
Lyman Break Galaxies
278
Bringing It All Together
289
References
295
128
298
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