4. Partly ex-officio and partly appointed by the Governor.

Board of Trustees of the Illinois State Teachers' Pension and Retirement Fund. The Illinois state teachers' pension and retirement fund was established by an act passed in 1915. It is administered by a board board of trustees consisting of five members, the superintendent of pubic instruction and the state treasurer, ex-officio, and three members appointed from those under the pension system, by the Governor with the advice and consent of the Senate for a term of three years. Members of the board receive no compensation except necessary expenses incurred in attending the meetings. If the board elects one of its members secretary, he receives compensation for his services. The superintendent of public instruction is ex-officio president, and the state treasurer is ex-officio treasurer of the board. The state treasurer is liable on his official bond for the proper performance of his duties and the conservation of this fund. The board of trustees meets regularly four times a year.

The function of the board of trustees is to administer the teachers' pension fund, to invest the same upon the approval of the state treasurer, and to make payment from the fund of the pensions and annuities granted in the act. The board of trustees appoints a secretary and fixes his compensation, which, with all other expenses is paid out of the teachers' pension fund. The auditor is authorized to pay all salaries, annuities and expenses upon the presentation of vouchers approved by the president and secretary of the board of trustees. Annuities are paid quarterly.

The board of trustees is directed to report annually at the first meeting after June 30. This report is transmitted to the superintendent of public instruction, and included in his biennial report to the Governor. The board of directors, board of education or other governing body of public schools in each district coming under the provisions of this act, is required each year within seven days after June 30, to forward to the state treasurer a statement of moneys retained from salaries in accordance with this act, together with such money. At the same time a copy of this report must be sent to the county superintendent. If no teacher comes under the provisions of the act, the school authorities must file a statement of that fact under oath with the county superintendent and with the state treasurer. The managing bodies enumerated must keep a complete and uniform record of data contained in these reports in such form as may be prescribed by the board of trustees of said retirement fund. The state treasurer is directed to credit all moneys received under this act to the fund designated as the Illinois state teachers' pension and retirement fund.

The act does not apply to cities and school districts having a population of over 65,000 in 1910, which had a teachers' pension system organized under a statute prior to the time this act took effect.

The board of trustees is also charged with the administration of the state institutions' teachers' pension and retirement fund, created in 1917. The provisions for the administration of this fund are practically identical with the provisions for the administration of the Illinois state teachers' pension and retirement fund. The provisions of the act

apply to any teacher employed in any state educational, charitable or correctional institution (excepting the University of Illinois) supported wholly or in part by public moneys of this state. The administrative offices, boards, commissions or officers of the various schools and institutions coming under the act are required to transmit quarterly to the state treasurer the sums retained from teachers' salaries, and to make an annual statement to him within seven days after the thirtieth day of June, of all moneys retained in accordance with the act.

Board of Voting Machine Commissioners. This board was established in 1903 and consists of the secretary of state and two persons who must be mechanical experts and not members of the same political party, appointed by the Governor for a term of four years, but removable at his pleasure. The board examines and reports on the accuracy, efficiency, capacity and safety of voting machines. Voting machines not approved by this board cannot be used at any election. Each of the mechanical experts is entitled to $100 for his compensation and expenses in making an examination and report, to be paid by the person or corporation applying for the examination. Of recent years no work has been done by this commission and no appointments to it have been made.

Centennial Building Commission. The Centennial Building Commission is an advisory commission which was created in 1917. It consists of seven members, the Governor, president of the senate, speaker of the house of representatives, secretary of state, and three other members to be appointed by the Governor.

The director of public works and buildings with the advice of this commission is empowered to determine the exact location of the centennial memorial building, approve the plans and specifications for the building and supervise its construction. The building is to cost approximately $850,000. It is planned to provide for a memorial hall, a Lincoln memorial room, state library, state historical library, state museum, a repository for state archives, the department of public instruction, and such other departments as may be determined by the commission having the work in charge. When completed the building will be in the custody of the secretary of state.

5. Partly ex-officio and partly elected by the people.

University of Illinois. Prior to 1885 the University of Illinois was known as the Illinois Industrial University. It was established in 1868. It is subject to the control of a board of trustees the superintendent of public instruction, and nine other trustees of whom three are elected every two years to serve for a six-year term. The trustees are voted for on the same ballots with the state officers at the general elections. In case of vacancy the Governor may fill such vacancy by appointment until the next general election. The board of trustees may appoint an executive committee of three members which, subject to its control, shall have the management and control of the

university and its affairs, when the board is not in session. The president, all deans, teachers, scientific staff and other teachers, one private secretary, and one stenographer for the president and each dean, and students employed under civil service rules, are exempt from civil

service.

Each county is annually awarded one scholarship in the University of Illinois, upon examination held by the county superintendent. In addition to this, each member of the General Assembly may nominate one person who, upon passing the examination prescribed, is given a certificate of scholarship by the president of the university. All such examinations are held under rules and regulations prescribed by the president of the university.

The University of Illinois is one of the "Land Grant" colleges. It receives the interest from money received from the sale of lands granted under an act of congress passed in 1862 and certain appropriations made by Congress. It is required that the curriculum of the colleges accepting the benefits of the act shall include military tactics, and such branches of learning as are related to agriculture and mechanic arts. No portion of the federal fund may be applied for the erection, purchase, preservation or repair of any buildings. An annual report regarding the progress of each college must be transmitted by the president to all the other colleges coming under the act and to the secretary of the interior, and the secretary of agriculture. All sums appropriated under this act are paid by the secretary of the treasury, upon the warrant of the secretary of the interior, to the state treasurer or other officer designated by the law of the state, who upon the order of the trustees of the college pays over said sums to the treasurer of the college. The treasurer of the college is required to report to the secretary of agriculture and the secretary of interior on or before September 1st of each year, a detailed statement of the amount received and of its disbursement.

The trustees of the university are required biennially before November first to make a report to the Governor for the period closing with the fiscal year preceding the convening of the General Assembly. The report must be so arranged as to show the acts and doings of each fiscal year separately.

By a separate act passed in 1909 the trustees of the university are authorized and directed to establish a department of mining engineering in the college of engineering.

Under an act passed in 1911, an annual tax levy of one mill for each dollar of assessed valuation of taxable property is levied and paid into the treasury of the state, and set apart as a fund from which money may be appropriated for the use and maintenance of the University of Illinois. In 1919 the basis of assessed value was changed from one-third to one-half of full value, and in connection with this adjustment the unniversity tax was reduced from one mill to two-thirds of one mill.

6. Partly ex-officio and partly appointed by an ex-officio board.

Illinois Library Extension Commission. This commission was established in 1909. The commissioners of the state library (the Governor, secretary of state, and superintendent of public instruction), appoint two persons who together with the state librarian constitute the Illinois library extension commission. The state librarian, who is the secretary of state, is ex-officio chairman of the commission. The term of office of the appointive members is two years, and they receive no compensation except traveling expenses and incidental and necessary expenses connected with the work of the commission. The library extension commission receives the advice and counsel of the state library commission and is under its control.

The function of the commission is to give advice and information to existing libraries and to communities or persons interested in starting new libraries. It operates traveling libraries and acts as a clearing house for periodicals contributed for the use of local libraries.

The commission has power to appoint a library organizer who is required to keep informed concerning the work of the various public libraries in the state, assist in starting new libraries, and at the end of each fiscal year make a report of general library conditions in the state, to the library extension commission.

7. Partly ex-officio and partly from officers and members of various societies.

Illinois Farmers' Institute. The Illinois farmers' institute was declared to be a public corporation of the state by an act passed in 1895. It consists of three delegates elected annually in each county of the state by the members of the farmers' institute of the county. Its affairs are managed by a board of directors consisting of the state superintendent of public instruction, dean of the college of agriculture of the University of Illinois, director of agriculture, president of the state horticultural society, president of the state dairymen's association, and one member from each congressional district selected by the delegates there from and elected at the annual meeting of the institute, one-half each year for a two-year term.

The function of the farmers' institute is to assist and encourage useful education among the farmers and develop the agricultural resources of the state. The board of directors have the sole care and disposal of all sums appropriated to the farmers' institute by the state. The farmers' institute makes an annual report to the Governor of its transactions. This report includes papers pertaining to its work and addresses made at the annual meeting of the organization. The institute is required to hold an annual meeting of not less than three days' duration for the purpose of developing greater interest in agriculture.

The board of directors has power to fill vacancies in the board. It organizes by the election of a president, vice-president, treasurer and secretary, elected for a term of one year to begin on July first following their election. The secretary and treasurer may be other than members

of the board of directors. The board has power to employ and provide for the compensation of such superintendents, speakers and clerks as may be deemed proper for organizing and conducting its work. The salary of the secretary is $2,000 a year, payable in monthly installments.

The status of the Illinois farmers' institute and of appropriations. made to it, was defined in Illinois Farmers' Institute v. Brady, 267 Ill. 98 (1915). This case involved a petition for a writ of mandamus commanding the auditor of public accounts to draw warrants on the state treasurer without compliance by it with the appropriations act of 1913 or the state civil service law. The Supreme Court held: (1) That the fact that the act creating the farmers' institute provided that its board of directors should have sole care and disposal of all sums that may be appropriated to it, does not exempt it from the provisions of the appropriation act of 1913 requiring pay rolls for employes of such corporations and itemized bills before warrants may be drawn by the auditor of public accounts. (2) The farmers' institute, its officers, employes and board of directors are not in the service of the state and are, therefore, not subject to the provisions of the state civil service act. (3) Voluntary organizations cannot appoint to office in the state government, nor can the General Assembly give them power to do so. (4) However, appropriations to individuals and voluntary associations not in the service of the state, and for expenses which would not come within a narrow definition of the term, "expenses of the state government," as used in the appropriation act, are fairly included in such term if they are proper charges, assumed in the discretion of the General Assembly, as expenses of the state government.

8. Partly ex-officio and partly appointed by a constitutional officer. Teachers' Examining Board. The teachers' examining board was created in 1913, and is composed of five members. The superintendent of public instruction is ex-officio chairman of this board, and he appoints one person who is engaged in educational work, for a four-year term, and three county superintendents, each to serve three years, one to be appointed annually by the superintendent of public instruction upon the recommendation of the county superintendent's section of the state teachers' association at its annual meeting.

The function of the board is to administer the law concerning the certification of teachers in respect to county certificates. The board is empowered to prescribe rules for holding the examinations, and prepare uniform questions for all the state and forward them to the county superintendents under seal. All examination papers must be forwarded by the county superintendent to the teachers' examining board to be graded. Grades are returned to the county superintendent, who is empowered to issue the certificates under the rules prescribed by the board. The board may require county superintendents to make quarterly and annual reports of such data concerning certification of teachers as it may prescribe, and may make all necessary rules and regulations for the proper administration of the act.