gewgawed (gū'gâd), a. gewgaw-ed2.] Dressed out or adorned with gewgaws or showy trifles. I... hillocks, stanes, and bushes kenn'd aye ghark (gärk), n. [E. Ind.] The tree, Aquilaria [Also A native gharry (gar'i), n.; pl. gharries (-iz). Before some new Madonna gaily decked, Tinselled and gewgawed. D. G. Rossetti, A Last Confession. gey, adv. See gay1. [Scotch.] geyser (gi'ser), n. [Also written geysir; Icel. Geysir, "the name of a famous hot spring [the Great Geyser] in Iceland. Foreign writers often use geysir as an appellative, but the only Icel. words for hot springs are hver [hverr] (a cauldron, hot well) and laug (a hot bath [a bath]). The present Geysir is never mentioned in old writers, and it seems from a record in the Icel. annals that the great hot wells in the neighbourhood of Haukadale were due to the volcanic eruptions of 1294, when old hot springs disappeared, and those now existing came up. . . . The name Geysir (= gusher) must be old, as the inflexive -ir is hardly used but in obsolete words; ... it was probably borrowed from some older hot spring" (Cleasby and Vigfusson); geysa, gush, a secon- ghast+ (gåst), v. t. [Also written, more correctly, dary form, gjōsa, gush: see gush.] A spout- gast2, q. v.] Same as gast2. ing hot spring; a hot spring which projects water, either periodically or irregularly, to some height in the air. The Great Geyser of Iceland has been long known, and has given the name to phenomena of this character. This geyser spouts very irregularly, and sometimes throws a large volume of water to a height of Giant Geyser, Yellowstone National Park, United States. nearly 100 feet. The height of the column is probably diminishing, as some old estimates make it much greater, There are numerous geysers in the Yellowstone region of the United States, some of which throw water to an elevation of 200 feet or more, and also on the North Island of New Zealand; and in the Napa valley of California are boiling springs that have been improperly called geysers. (See boiling spring, under boiling.) The true theory of the action of the Great Geyser of Iceland, and hence of gey. sers in general, was first established by Bunsen. The ejection of the water is caused by explosive action, due to the heating of the water, under pressure, in the lower part of Silicious Cone of the Beehive Geyser, Yellowstone National Park, the geyser-tube, to considerably above the boiling-point. geyseric (gi'sér-ik), a. [< geyser + -ic.] Pertaining to or of the nature of a geyser; as, geyseric phenomena. The common ghorry. . . is rarely, if ever, kept by an ... Ghasted by the noise I made, 1st Lady. How ghast a train! ghastfult (gåst'fül), a. [Also written, more ghat Then welcome, Death; thy gastly face, said she, J. Beaumont, Psyche, ii. 211. Goths, wars, famines, and plague succeed each other in 2. Deathly in import or suggestion; morally dreadful or shocking. Thy vntimely death must pay thy Mothers Debts, and her guiltlesse crime must bee thy gastly curse. Greene, Pandosto. =Syn. Ghastly, Grim, Grisly, Haggard, Hideous; pale, wan, cadaverous, frightful. Hideous may apply to sound, as a hideous noise; the others not. All in modern use apply primarily to sight and secondarily to mental percep tion, except haggard, which connotes sight only. Ghastly, as it is most commonly used, means deathly pale, deathbeen extended to denote anything that is suggestive of death, or even repulsive and shocking, as Milton's "mangled with ghastly wounds" (P. L., vi. 368), "a ghastly smile" (Milton, P. L., ii. 846), a ghastly jest. Grim characterizes a rigid cast of countenance, indicating a severe, like, referring to the countenance, but its signification has stern, or even ruthless disposition. Grisly refers to the whole form or aspect, especially when dark, forbidding, Her face was so ghastly that it could not be recognized. My grisly countenance made others fly; Having a great while thrown her countenance ghastly about her, as if she had called all the powers of the world to be witness of her wretched estate. ill Office. Sir P. Sidney, Arcadia, ii. Staring full ghastly like a strangled man. Shak., 2 Hen. VI., iii. 2. The Captain looked ghastly upon him, and said, Then, Sir, get you out of my Tent, for you have done me a very Howell, Letters, I. iv. 28. ghastnesst (gåst'nes), n. [< ME. gastnes, gastnesse, terror,gast, pp. of gasten, frighten, gast, +-nes,-ness.] Amazement; terror; fright; fear. Ne drede thou with sodeyn gastnesse. Wyclif, Prov. iii. 25 (Oxf.). I tell no lie, so ghastful grew my name, 2. Feeling fear; afraid; fearful. Who is a ferdful man, and of gastful herte? Go he. sense of fear. Struck with terror and a kind of irksome gastfulness, pearance. Let ghastlinesse And drery horror dim the chearfull light, Spenser, Daphnaïda, 1. 327. What jealous, fearful Pallor doth surprise J. Beaumont, Psyche, xiii. 24. Hind. ghat.] 1. In India, a pass of descent mit a temple, pagoda, or place of rest and recreation. Ghats abound especially along the Ganges, the most important being at Benares; the motive of their erection was to facilitate bathing in the sacred water, and drawing it for religious purposes. I wrote this remembering, in long, long distant days, such a ghaut or river-stair at Calcutta. Thackeray, Roundabout Papers, xviii. Between the banks is sweeping up the sand-laden wind, concealing from the huddled boats the temples and the ghat across the river, the bridge that spans it, and the sky itself, P. Robinson, Under the Sun, p. 63. ghawazee ghawazee, ghawazi (gä-wä ́zē), n. sing. and pl. [Ar. ghawazi.] In Egypt, a degraded class of public dancers, male and female, by some considered a race of Gipsies, devoted to the amusement of the lowest populace: sometimes erroneously confounded with the almas. See alma. Also ghaziyeh. 2506 Ghibellinism (gibʻe-lin-izm), n. [< Ghibelline + -ism.] The political creed of the Ghibellines; adherence to and support of the emperor or imperial party, and opposition to the temporal power of the pope. The indomitably self-reliant man [Dante], loyal first of all to his most unpopular convictions, . bellinism (jura monarchiæ) in the front. The Ghawazee perform, unveiled, in the public streets, Ghilan silk. See silk. even to amuse the rabble. Lane. ghazel (gaz'el), n. Same as gazel2. ghazi (gä'zē), n. [Ar. ghazi, a warrior, champion, hero; in particular, as in the def., short for ghazi ad-din, champion of the faith (al, the; din, faith, religion).] A veteran soldier of Islam; especially, a title given in Turkey to sovereigns or subjects renowned for wars with infidel forces. ghaziyeh, n. Same as ghawazee. Gheber, Ghebre (gē ́běr), n. Other spellings of Gueber. puts his Ghi Lowell, Dante. ghirlandt, n. An obsolete spelling of garland. ghittern (git'ėrn), n. A bad spelling of gittern. ghole (gōl), n. Same as ghoul. ghoont (gönt), n. [Hind. gunt, the hill-pony or Tatar pony.] A small but strong and surefooted East Indian pony, used in the mountainranges as a pack-horse or saddle-horse. Heere is the great breed of a small kind of Horse, called Gunts, a true travelling scale-cliffe beast. = W. Finch, in Purchas, i. 438. (Yule and Burnell.) Ghoorka, n. See Goorkha. ghost (gost), n. [The h is a mod. and unnecesghee (go), n. [E. spelling of Hind. ghi, Beng.sary insertion; prop. gost, < ME. gost, goost, ghi, etc., Skt. ghrita, clarified butter, butter earlier gast, <AS. gast, breath, spirit, a spirit, or fat in general, ghar, drip, besprinkle.] OS. gest=OFries. gast, iest=D. geest = MLG. In the East Indies, a liquid clarified butter geist, LG. geest OHG. MHG. G. geist, spirit, made from the milk of cows and buffaloes, coa spirit, genius, = ODan. gast, spirit, specter, agulated before churning. It is highly esteemed Dan. geist (prob. < G.), a ghost, spirit, Sw. and universally used as a substitute for oil in cooking, especially in the preparation of food for the Brahmans and gast, evil spirit, ghost, satyr; not in Icel. nor religious mendicants, and in offerings to the gods. Ghee in Goth. (Goth. ahma, spirit). The sense of 'apis largely used medicinally as an emollient and stomachic, parition, specter,' is later than that of breath, and as a dressing for wounds and ulcers. For these pur- spirit,' and makes more improbable the conposes it is esteemed in proportion to its age. When carefully prepared from pure materials it will keep sweet for nection, usually asserted (through a terrifying a great length of time, and it is not extraordinary to hear apparition'), with ghastly, gastly, gast, terrify, of ghee a hundred years old. Goth. us-gaisjan, terrify: see gast2. The origin remains uncertain.] 1. Breath; spirit; specifically, the breath; the spirit; the soul of man. [Obsolete or archaic except in the phrase to give up the ghost.] They will drink milk, and boil'd Butter, which they call Ghe. Fryer, A New Account of East India and Persia, p. 33. The great luxury of the Hindu is butter, prepared in a manner peculiar to himself, and called by him ghee. Mill, British India, I. 410. gherkin (ger'kin), n. [Formerly also gerkin, girkin, gurkin, guerkin (the h or u being intended "to keep the g hard"), < D. agurkje (prob. once *agurkken, with dim. suffix -ken E.-kin, equiv. to dim. -je) = Dan. agurk = Sw. gurka = G. gurke, a cucumber, gherkin, < Bohem. okurka= Serv. ugorka Pol. ogorek, ogurek Upper Sorbian korka = Lower Sorbian gurka = Russ. oguretsu Hung. ugorka = Lith. agurkas Lett. gurkjis (cf. ML. angurius, MGr. ayyoupov, ἀγγούριον, NGr. ἀγγούρι, ἀγκούρι, a cucumber, gherkin, of Ar. or Pers. origin): cf. Ar. 'ajūr, a cucumber (Pers. angur, a grape). The source can hardly be, as asserted, in the Ar. Pers. Turk. khiyar, Hind. khira, a cucumber.] A small-fruited variety of the cucumber, or simply a young green cucumber of an ordinary variety, used for pickling. We this day opened the glass of girkins which Captain Cocke did give my wife the other day, which are rare things. Pepys, Diary, Dec. 1, 1661. ghetchoo (gech'ö), n. [E. Ind.] An aquatic naiadaceous plant, Aponogeton monostachyon, the roots of which are eaten. Also written gheechoo. Ghetto (get'o), n.; pl. Ghetti, Ghettos (-ē, -ōz). [It.] The quarter in certain Italian towns in which Jews were formerly compelled to live exclusively. I went to the Ghetto, where the Jews dwell as in a suburb by themselves. Evelyn. The seclusion [of the Jews] in Ghettos. Science, VI. 324. Ghibelline (gib ́e-lin), n. and a. [Also written Gibeline, Ghibellin, < It. Ghibellino, the Italianized form of G. Waiblingen, the name of an estate in that part of the ancient circle of Franconia now included in Würtemberg belonging to the house of Hohenstaufen (to which the then reigning Emperor Conrad belonged), when war broke out about 1140 between this house and the Welfs or Guelfs. It is said to have been first employed as the rallying-cry of the emperor's party at the battle of Weinsberg.] I. n. A member of the imperial and aristocratic party of Italy in the middle ages, opposed to the Guelfs, the papal and popular party. See Guelf. The rival German families of Welfs and Weiblingens had given their names, softened into Guelfi and Ghibellini, to two parties in Northern Italy. . . The nobles, especially the greater ones, . . . were commonly Ghibellines, or Imperialists; the bourgeoisie were very commonly Guelphs, or supporters of the pope. Lowell, Dante. II. a. Of or pertaining to the Ghibellines or their principles: as, a Ghibelline policy. A further step in this direction was the division of the towns themselves in Guelf and Ghibellin parties. Encyc. Brit., XI. 245. "Thow saist nat soth," quod he, "thow sorceresse! With al thi false goost of prophecie." Chaucer, Troilus, v. 1534. Thus God gaf hym a goost of the godhed of heuene, And of his grete grace graunted hym blisse. Piers Plowman (B), ix. 45. Who-so be greued in his goost, gouerne him bettir. ABC of Aristotle (E. E. T. S.), XXXII. 11. But when indeed she found his ghost was gone, then sorrow lost the wit of utterance and grew rageful and mad. Sir P. Sidney, Arcadia, iii. No knight so rude, I weene, As to doen outrage to a sleeping ghost. Spenser, F. Q., II. viii. 26. 2. The soul of a dead person; the soul or spirit separate from the body; more especially, a disembodied spirit imagined as wandering among or haunting living persons; a human specter or apparition. But I bequethe the servyce of my goost To you aboven every creature, Syn that my lyf ne may no lenger dure. Chaucer, Knight's Tale, 1. 1910. Is not that a Giant before our Door? or a Ghost of some body slain in the late Battell? Dryden, Amphitryon, ii.1. How many children, and how many men, are afraid of ghosts, who are not afraid of God! Macaulay, Dante. The Fetishism, Ancestor-worship, and Demonology of expression of their belief in ghosts, and of the anthropomorphic interpretation of out-of-the-way events, which is its concomitant. Huxley, Lay Sermons, p. 163. primitive savages, are all, I believe, different manners of 4. A spirit in general; an unearthly specter or apparition. "Hateful divorce of love," thus chides she Death"Grim-grinning ghost." Shak., Venus and Adonis, 1. 933. 5t. A dead body. [Rare.] See, how the blood is settled in his face! Of ashy semblance, meagre, pale, and bloodless. 6. A mere shadow or semblance. When the kings were driven out from ancient Rome, there was still a king kept up in name to perform the grand ceremonial offices which no one but a person hav ghostland The ghosts thus arising were first described by Quincke, and have been elaborately investigated by Peirce, both Lord Rayleigh, in Encyc. Brit., XXIV. 438. theoretically and experimentally. Specifically-8. In photog., a glint of light cast by the lens on the focusing-glass or on the plate during exposure, in the latter case producing a more or less defined opaque spot. It results usually from the presence of a too strongly illuminated surface or object in or near the field of the lens. Also called flare. You will perceive one, two, three, etc., illuminated circles move across the field of vision over the picture these are ghosts. Silver Sunbeam, p. 450. Dirck's ghost, an optical illusion produced for popular entertainments, by which a figure strongly illuminated but concealed from the audience is reflected in a large sheet of unsilvered plate-glass, so as to produce a spectral effect.Holy Ghost [ME. holy gost, holie gost, hali gast, often as one word, holigost, etc., AS. halig gäst, translating LL. spiritus sanctus], the Holy Spirit; the Spirit of God; the Paraclete; the third person in the Trinity. God the fader, God the sone, God holigoste of bothe. Piers Plowman (B), x. 239. Go ye therefore, and teach all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost. Mat. xxviii. 19. Holy-Ghost plant. Same as dove-plant.- Mass of the Holy Ghost. See mass.- Order of the Holy Ghost. (a) (Often called by the French name Saint Esprit.) The leading order of the later French monarchy, founded by King Henry III. of France in 1578, replacing the Order of St. Michael. The king was the grand master, and there were 100 members, not including foreigners. The mem- Infernal ghosts and hellish furies round, . Tickell, Death of Addison, 1. 45. When Godfrey was lifting his eyes... they encountered an object as startling to him at that moment as if it had been an apparition from the dead. George Eliot, Silas Marner, xii. These faces in the mirrors Are but the shadows and phantoms of myself. Longfellow, Masque of Pandora, vii. Between the acting of a dreadful thing And the first motion, all the interim is Like a phantasma, or a hideous dream. Shak., J. C., ii. 1. ghostt (gōst), v. [< ghost, n.] I. trans. To appear to in the form of a ghost; haunt as a spirit or specter. Julius Cæsar, Who at Philippi the good Brutus ghosted. Shak., A. and C., ii. 6. What madnesse ghosts this old man but what madness ghosts us all? Burton, Anat. of Mel., To the Reader, p. 32. II. intrans. To give up the ghost; die; expire. Euryalus, taking leave of Lucretia, precipitated her into such a love-fit that within a few hours she ghosted. Sir P. Sidney. [< ghost +-ess.] A fe[Humorous.] In the mean time that she, The said Ghostess, or Ghost, as the matter may be, From impediment, hindrance, and let shall be free To sleep in her grave. Barham, Ingoldsby Legends, II. 233. male ghost. ing the name of "king" or "Rex" could discharge. The ghostess (gōs'tes), n. "Rex sacrificulus" took precedence of all the other functionaries religious or secular. . . . He was the ghost of the deceased Roman kingdom, just as the Pope is the ghost (not a shadow or manes) of the deceased Roman Empire. A. P. Stanley, Essays on Eccles. Subjects, p. 201. Nought followed but the ghost of dead delight. William Morris, Earthly Paradise, III. 361. It was well understood that in Moscow the accused did not stand "a ghost of a chance." The Century, XXXVI. 87. 7. In optics, a spot of light or secondary image caused by a defect of the instrument, generally by reflections from the lenses. ghostless ghostlesst (göst'les), a. [< ME. *gostles, < AS. gastleás (= D. geesteloos = G. geistlos), lifeless.] Without spirit, soul, or life. Works are the breath of faith, the proofs by which we may judge whether it live. If you feel them not, the faith is ghostless. Dr. R. Clarke, Sermons, p. 473. ghostlike (göst’lik), a. [< ghost + like2.] Like a ghost or specter; deathlike. Thy thinne cheeke, hollow eye, And ghostlike colour, speake the mystery Nabbes, Hannibal and Scipio. = Hampole, Prose Treatises (E. E. T. S.), p. 43. Longfellow, Morituri Salutamus. 2. Pertaining or relating to apparitions; of ghostlike character; spectral; supernatural: as, ghostly sounds; a ghostly visitant. I have no sorcerer's malison on me, The morwe com, and gostly for to speke, Loue is goostli deliciouse as wijn That makith men bothe big & bolde. Hymns to Virgin, etc. (E. E. T. S.), p. 25. Now maketh he a triall how much his disciples haue J. Udall, On Mark viii. profited ghostly. The prince and the whole state may be suffered to perish bodily and ghostly. Jer. Taylor, Works (ed. 1835), II. 106. ghost-moth (gōst'môth), n. A nocturnal lepiThe male is dopterous insect, Epialus humuli. white, and has a habit of hovering with a pendulum-like motion in the twilight over one spot (often in churchyards); where the female, which has gray posterior wings and red-spotted anterior wings, is concealed. The term is extended to all the Epialida. 2507 tionaries and glossaries of the older stages of the English As "ghost-words" Mr. Skeat, in his "Presidential Ad- gib We make of Nature's giant powers The slaves of human Art. Whittier, The Ship-Builders. See cuts under Giant cactus, the Cereus giganteus. Cactaceae.-Giant cavy, the water-cavy. See capibara.Giant cell, in anat., an osteoclast.-Giant clam, a bivalve mollusk of the family Tridacnida.- Giant cockle, Cardium magnum.-Giant fennel. See fennel.- Giant A fulmar. See fulmar.-Giant rail. See Leguatia. [< giant +-ess.] giantess (ji'an-tes), n. female giant; a female of extraordinary bulk and stature. I had rather be a giantess, and lie under Mount Pelion. Shak., M. W. of W., ii. 1. giantish (ji'an-tish), a. [<giant +-ish1.] Somewhat like a giant; uncommonly large. Their stature neither dwarf nor giantish, But in a comely well-dispos'd proportion. Randolph, Muses Looking-Glass, v. 1. giantism (ji'an-tizm), n. [<giant + -ism.] The state of being a giant. [Rare.] Byron, The Giaour. Go and with Gouls and Afrits rave; P. Robinson, Under the Sun, p. 79. ghurry, ghurrie (gur'i), n.; pl. ghurries (-iz). [< Skt. ghati (cerebral t).] In India-(a) A clepsydra, or water-instrument for measuring time. (b) The gong on which the time so indicated is struck. Hence-(c) A clock or other timepiece. (d) In old Hindu custom, the 60th part of a day or night (24 minutes). (e) In Anglo-Indian usage, an hour. Yule and Burnell. We have fixed the coss at 6,000 Guz, which must be travelled by the postman in a Ghurry and a half. Tippoo's Letters, p. 215. (Yule and Burnell.) ghyll (gil), n. A false spelling of gill2. giallo antico (jàl'lō ȧn-tē kō). [It.: giallo, yellow (see yellow); antico, ancient (see antic).] A marble of a rich golden-yellow color, deepening in tint to orange and pink, found among Roman ruins and used anew in buildings of the Renaissance and later times. It is identified by J. H. Middleton ("Ancient Rome in 1885") with the marmor Numidicum of the ancients." Discs and strips of serpentine, porphyry and giallo anC. C. Perkins, Italian Sculpture, Int., p. lviii. tico. giant (ji'ant), n. and a. [< ME. giaunt, gyant, giaund, earlier geant, geaunt, geaund, jeant, sometimes yeant, yeaunt,< OF. geant, jaiant, F. Pr. jaian, gigant Sp. Pg. It. gigante géant = AS. gigant = OHG. G. Dan. Sw. gigant, L. gigas (gigant-), Gr. yiyaç (yyavr-), mostly in pl. yiyavres, the Giants, a savage race of men destroyed by the gods (Homer), called sons of Gaia, the Earth (Hesiod, etc.), and hence the epithet nyevis, earth-born (<y, yaia, the earth, +-yevns, -born, <√yev, bear, produce); but yighost-plant (göstʼplant), n. The tumbleweed, yas and nevis cannot be etymologically identical, nor can yiyaç (yı-ya-vт-) contain the ✔yev unless in the shorter form ya, which appears in Epic perf. inf. ye-ya-μev, part. ye-ya-s, etc. Cf. gigantic, etc.] I. n. 1. In classical myth., one of a divine but monstrous race, children of Uranus (Heaven) and Gea (Earth), and personifying destructive physical phenomena, as those of volcanic origin. They were subdued by the Olympian gods after a war which forms a favorite subject in ancient art (see gigantomachy), and typifies the inherent opposition between darkness and light. ghostology (gös-tol'ō-ji), n. [Irreg. < ghost It seemed more unaccountable than if it had been a Amarantus albus. Dr. Newberry has told us that it [Amarantus albus] is also known as the ghost-plant, in allusion to the same habit, bunches flitting along by night producing a Peg Science, IX. 32. liarly weird appearance. ghost-seer (göst ́se1ér), n. One who sees ghosts or apparitions. M. Binet treats all ghost-seers as so paralysed with terror that they do not move their eyes from the figure. Proc. Soc. Psych. Research, III. 172, note. ghost-show (göst'shō), n. A spiritualistic exhibition. [Colloq.] ghost-soul (göst ́sōl), n. A supposed apparitional soul, or phantom likeness of the body, capable of leaving the body for a time or altogether and appearing to other persons asleep or awake. At the lowest levels of culture of which we have clear knowledge, the notion of a ghost-soul animating man while in the body, and appearing in dream and vision out of the body, is found deeply ingrained. E. B. Tylor, Prim. Culture, I. 451. ghost-story (gōst'stōri), n. A story about ghosts or in which ghosts are introduced; hence, by extension, any story or statement to which no credence should be given. It is still safe and easy to treat anything which can possibly be called a ghost-story as on a par with such figments as these. Proc. Soc. Psych. Research, II. 112. ghost-word (gōst'wėrd), n. An apparent word or false form found in manuscript or print, due to some blunder of the scribe, editor, or printer. Such ghost-words, mostly miswritings or misprints not obvious to subsequent readers or editors, abound in dic = Hence-2. Some other imaginary being of Giants of mighty bone, and bold emprise. to the Prince. Put the world's whole strength O happy state of giantism, when husbands Like mushrooms grow. Fielding, Tom Thumb, i. giant-kettle (ji'ant-ket 1), n. A pot-hole, often of enormous dimensions, common on the coast of Norway. giant-killer (ji'ant-kil"ėr), n. In folk-lore, nursery-tales, etc., one who makes it his business to kill giants. The giants in such stories are generally represented as cruel, merciless, and often cannibalistic, but so stupid as to be easily overcome by courageous cunning. giantly (ji'ant-li), a. [< giant + -ly1.] Giantlike. [Rare.] The Sasquesahanockes are a Giantly people, strange in proportion, behauiour, and attire, their voice sounding from them as out of a Caue. Purchas, Pilgrimage, p. 767. This chieftain, as I have before noted, was a very giantly man, and was clad in a coarse blue coat. Irving, Knickerbocker, p. 371. An explogiant-powder (ji′ant-pou ̋dėr), n. sive formed of nitroglycerin mixed with infusorial earth. It is a form of dynamite. A subduer giant-queller (ji ́ant-kwel ̋ėr), n. of giants; a giant-killer. giantry (ji'an-tri), n. [< giant + -ry.] The race of giants; giants collectively. [Rare.] The flimsy giantry of Ossian has introduced mountainous horrors. Walpole, Letters (1784), IV. 380. giantship (ji ́ant-ship), n. [< giant +-ship.] The state, quality, or character of being a giant: used in the extract as a descriptive title. His giantship is gone somewhat crest-fallen. Milton, S. A., 1. 1244. In gymnastics, giant-swing (ji'ant-swing), n. a revolution at arm's length around a horizontal bar. giaour (jour), n. [An It. spelling of Turk. jawr, gawur, an infidel, a miscreant, < Pers. gawr, an infidel, another form of gabr, an infidel, a Gueber: see Gueber.] An infidel: used by the Turks to designate an adherent of any religion except the Mohammedan, more particularly a Christian, and so commonly that it does not necessarily imply an insult. The faithless slave that broke her bower, And, worse than faithless, for a Giaour! Byron, The Giaour. giardinetto (jär-dē-net'tō), n.; pl. giardinetti = E. garden.] A (-te). [It., dim. of giardino jewel, usually a finger-ring, ornamented with imitations of natural flowers in precious stones. A common form of the chaton is a basket or vase from which a formal and decorative spray or bouquet of flowers emerges. gib1 (jib), n. [Appar. < OF. gibbe, gibe, a sort gibl (jib), v. t.; pret. and pp. gibbed, ppr. gibbing. Shak., 2 Hen. IV., iv. 4. gib2+ (gib), n. [<ME. Gibbe, Gybbe, Gyb, a proper name, a familiar abbr. of Gilbert (F. Guilbert, ML. Gilbertus, etc., of OHG. origin, G. Gilbert); much used as a proper name for an individual gib cat, like mod. E. Tom, and finally regarded as For right no more than Gibbe, our cat [tr. F. Thibert le cas], 2508 plants, appar. a hoe: see gib1 and jib1, the lat- Ne entende I but to begilen. Rom. of the Rose, 1. 6204. uprights of masonry, connected by several tiers Ere Gib, our cat, can lick her ear. Peele, Edward I. For who that's but a queen, fair, sober, wise, Would from a paddock, from a bat, a gib, Such dear concernings hide? Shak., Hamlet, iii. 4. gib (gib), v.; pret. and pp. gibbed, ppr gibbing. [< gib2, n. In the sense of 'castrate,' perhaps a reduction of glib in that sense: see glib3.] 1.t intrans. To behave like a cat. What caterwauling's here? what gibbing? Fletcher, Wildgoose Chase, i. 2. II. trans. 1t. To castrate, as a cat. As melancholy as a gibb'd cat. Howell's Eng. Prov., p. 10. I have lived these fifty yeares with my old Lord, and truly no body ever died in my armes before, but your Lordship's gibb'd Cat. Gayton, Notes on Don Quixote (1654), p. 229. 2. To eviscerate or disembowel, as a fish. Also gip. [New Eng. and Nova Scotia.] gibberi (gib'er), v. i. [Also in comp. gibbergabber and gibble-gabble, reduplications, with the usual variation of vowel, of gabber1 and gabble (which are assibilated in jabber and jabble), freq. forms of gab1, q. v.] To speak inarticulately; speak incoherently or senselessly. The sheeted dead of cross-beams, and with pits beneath it in Shak., Cymbeline, v. 4. with the gibbet at the door. Burke, To a Noble Lord. gibbet1 (jib'et), v. t. [< gibbet, n.] 1. To hang Some Inns still gibbet their Signs across a Town. Here [in the kitchen] is no every-day cheerfulness of ion. Did squeak and gibber in the Roman streets. Shak., Hamlet, i. 1. The floor covered with maskers, gibbering in falsetto, dancing, capering, coquetting till daylight. The Century, XXX. 209. gibber2 (gib ́er), n. [< gib2, v.] One who guts or eviscerates fish. [New Eng. and Nova Scotia.] gibber3 (gib ́er), n. [L., gibbus, hunched, gibbous: see gibbous.] In bot., a pouch-like enlargement of the base of a calyx, corolla, etc.; gibbett, n. An error for gigot, a shoulder of a gibbosity. gibber-gabbert (gib'er-gaber), n. [Redupl. of He that applies his names to ideas different from their The uncouth gibberish with which all this was uttered, like the darkness of an oracle, made us the more attentive to it. Addison, Sir Roger and the Gipsies. Then where's the wrong, to gibbet high the name mutton. A good sauce for a gibbet of mutton. Fuller, Ch. Hist., iv. 28. gibbet-tree (jib'et-trē), n. Gibbon (Hylobates lar). They inhabit the East Indian archipelago and the peninsular mainland, and are extremely agile, swinging them selves in the trees like the spider-monkeys of the new world. There are several species, one of the best-known of which is Hylobates lar, inhabiting Tenasserim and a wide extent of adjoining country, of a blackish color marked with white on the face and hands. The hoolock (H. hoolock) is another, found in Assam and neighboring regions. The crowned gibbon is H. pileatus of Siam. Sumatra has a gibbon (H. agilis) noted for uttering musical sounds, and variously called wou-wou, oungha, ungaputi, unkaputi, etc. The most notable gibbon is the Sumatran siamang (H. siamanga or Siamanga syndactyla), which has two of its toes webbed. See these names, also ape, Hylobates. gib-boom, n. See jib-boom. = = = gibe gibbosity (gi-bos'i-ti), n. [=F. gibbosité Pr. gilbositat, gelbositat: Pg. gibosidade It. gibbosità; as gibbous, gibbose, +-ity.] 1. The state of being gibbous or gibbose; roundness or protuberance of outline; convexity. When two ships, sailing contrary ways, lose the sight one of another, ... what should take away the sight of these ships from each other but the gibbosity of the interjacent water? Ray, Works of Creation, ii. gibbosity of the gentlemen that offer themselves as found That a singular regard be had upon examination to the er's kinsmen [of the Ugly Club]. Steele, Spectator, No. 17. 2. A protuberance; a round or swelling prominence. Specifically-3. In bot., a swelling or protuberance at one side of an organ, usually near the base, as of a calyx.-4. In zool., an irregular large protuberance, somewhat rounded, but not forming the segment of a sphere; a hump: as, the gibbosity of or on the back of a camel or zebu. = gibbous (gib'us), a. [Also gibberose, gibbose F. gibbeux Sp. giboso, jiboso Pg. giboso, gibboso It. gibboso; L. gibbosus, a different reading of gibberosus, hunched, humped, <gibber, a hunch, hump, gibber, a., hunched, humped. Cf. equiv. gibbus, hunched: see gibber3.] 1. Having a hunch or protuberance on the back; hunched; humpbacked; crookbacked. How oxen, in some countries, began and continue gib- Is there of all your kindred some who lack The bones will rise, and make a gibbous member. gibbousness (gib'us-nes), n. The state of being gibbous; protuberance; a prominence; convexity. gibbsite (gib'zit), n. [Named in honor of the American mineralogist George Gibbs (17761833). The proper names Gibbs and Gibson (i. e., Gib's son) are due to Gib, a familiar abbr. of Gilbert (see gib2); a dim. of Gib is Gibbon, whence further Gibbons, Gibbins, Gibbens, Gibbonson.] A hydrate of aluminium, a whitish mineral, found in Massachusetts in irregular of elongated tuberous branches, parallel and stalactitic masses, presenting an aggregation united: also found in the Ural and elsewhere, in monoclinic crystals, and often called hydrargillite. Its structure is fibrous, the fibers radiating from an axis. gib-cat (gib'kat), n. [< gib2+ cat. Cf. gibb'd I am as melancholy as a gib cat, or a lugged bear. A hag whose eies shoot poison-that has beene an ould witch, and is now turning into a gib-cat. More than a gib-cat or a very howlet. Ford, Lady's Trial, iv. 2. Gib-cat is, at this moment, the ordinary name in Scotland and in the north of England, where, however, tomcat is expelling it from "fine" speech: and it was formerly the ordinary name in England also. J. A. H. Murray, N. and Q., 7th ser., V. 350. gibel, jibe2 (jib), v.; pret. and pp. gibed, jibed, ppr. gibing, jibing. [Appar. of Scand. origin (with assibilation of orig. guttural, as in jabber for gabber1, etc.). Cf. Sw. dial. gipa, talk rashly and foolishly, Icel. geipa, talk nonsense, geip, idle talk. Connection with jape is uncertain.] I. intrans. To utter taunting or sarcastic words; rail; sneer; scoff: absolutely or with at. Lest they relieving us might afterwards laugh and gibe at our poverty. Hooker, Eccles. Polity, iv. 9. Syn. Jeer, Scoff, etc. See sneer. II. trans. To speak of or to with taunting or sarcastic words; deride; scoff at; rail at; ridicule. gibberosity (gib-e-ros'i-ti), n. In bot., same as gibbosity. Bailey, 1727; Gray. gibbet1 (jib'et), n. [< ME. gibet, gebet, gebat, jebet, jebat, a gibbet, appar. < OF. gibet, later gibbet, F. gibet, ML. gibetum, gibetus, It. giubbetto, m., giubbetta, usually in pl. giubbette, f., a gibbet. The It. forms suggest a connection with It. giubbetto, dim. of giubba, dial. gibba, an under-waistcoat, doublet, mane (see jupon), as if through the notion of 'collar' or 'halter'; but the It. giubbetto, a gibbet, is prob. accom. to the other word so spelled, and the real source may be in OF. gibet, a large stick, appar. dim. of gibbe, gibe, a sort of arm (weapon), an imple- gibbose (gib'ōs), a. [< L. gibbosus: see gib- scoff; a railing; an expression of sarcastic ment for stirring the earth and rooting up bous.] Same as gibbous. gibe Mark the fleers, the gibes, and notable scorns Shak., Othello, iv. 1. Gibeonite (gib ́e-on-it), n. [< Gibeon, a city in And Giles must trudge, whoever gives command; Bloomfield, Farmer's Boy, Spring. giber, jiber (ji’bėr), n. One who utters gibes. Come, Sempronia, leave him; He is a giber, and our present business Is of more serious consequence. B. Jonson, Catiline, iii. 3. giberaltert, n. A cant or capricious term, of vague meaning, occurring only in the following extract, probably with some reference to Gibraltar in Spain. Let me cling to your flanks, my nimble giberalters. 2509 water or push a boat.-2. A staff formerly used Sheep are afflicted by a disease known as the gid, or giddily (gid′i-li), adv. [< ME. gideliche, fool- How giddily he [Fashion] turns about all the hot bloods, ings. To roam giberne (zhe-bern'), n. [F., a cartridge-box.] gibiert (F. pron. zhē-bia'), n. [Also written gibbier; < OF. gibier, gibbier, F. gibier, game, fowl.] Wild fowl; game. These imposts are laid on all butcher's meat, while, at the same time, the fowl and gibbier are tax-free. Addison, Travels in Italy. gibingly, jibingly (jiʼbing-li), adv. In a gibing manner. But your loves, gib-keeler (gib’kē ̋lėr), n. Same as gib-tub. It shall not, like the table of a country-justice, be sprinkled over with all manner of cheap salads, sliced beef, giblets, and pettitoes, to fill up room. Beau. and Fl., Woman-Hater, i. 2. 2. pl. Rags; tatters. [Rare.] stew. giblet-check, giblet-cheek (jib'let-chek, Bring out the cat-hounds, I'le bring down your gib-ship. Beau. and Fl., Scornful Lady, v. 1. gibstaff (jib'staf), n.; pl. gibstaves (-stävz). [< gibl staff.] 1. A staff with which to gage Giddily, and be everywhere but at home- gift dizzy; reeling: as, to be giddy from fever or I grow giddy while I gaze. Like music which makes giddy the dim brain. 4. Adapted to cause or to suggest giddiness; of Syn. 1 and 2. Careless, reckless, headlong, flighty, hare- He is a quiet and peaceable man, who is not moved when all things else are; not shaken with fear, not giddied with suspicion. Farindon, Sermons (1657), p. 423. II. intrans. To turn quickly; reel. Had not by chance a sodaine North wind fetcht, With an extreme sea, quite about againe, Our whole endeuours; and our course constraine To giddie round. Chapman, Odyssey, ix. My head swims, my brain giddies, I am getting old, S. Judd, Margaret, i. 6. Margaret. giddy-head (gid'i-hed), n. A giddy, frivolous person; one without serious thought or sound judgment. A company of giddy-heads will take upon them to divine how many shall be saved, and who damned in a parish; where they shall sit in heaven; interpret apocalypses; and precisely set down when the world shall come to an end, what year, what month, what day. Burton, Anat. of Mel., p. 677. giddy-headed (gid'i-hed ̋ed), a. Having a giddy head; frivolous; volatile; incautious. giddy-paced (gid'i-past), a. Having a giddy pace; moving irregularly; reeling; flighty. Methought it did relieve my passion much: More than light airs and recollected terms, Of these most brisk and giddy-paced times. giddiness (gid'i-nes), n. 1. The character or giddy-pate (gid'i-pat), n. quality of being giddy or foolish; levity; flight- giddy-pated (gid ́i-pā ̋ted), a. iness; heedlessness; inconstancy; unsteadi- headed. ness. Fear of your unbelief, and the time's giddiness, the Head of those that are not us'd to chew it. long produce the feeling of tedium, so when too short they 3. Same as gid1. The people cawle thee giddishe mad; Drant, tr. of Horace's Satires, iii. giddy (gid′i), a. [< ME. gidie, gidi, gydie, gydi, Our fancies are more giddy and unfirm thy lap. Cowper, Tirocinium, 1. 444. Yet would this giddy innovation fain Shak., T. N., ii. 4. Same as giddy-head. Same as giddy giel (ge), v.; pret. ga, gae, or gied, pp. gien, ppr. gieing. A dialectal (northern English and Scotch) form of give1. A towd ma my sins, an's toithe were due, an' I gied it in hond. Tennyson, Northern Farmer, O. S. See guy1. gie2t, v. and n. [< D. gier = G. geier, gier-eaglet (jēr′ē ̋gl), n. mentioned in the authorized version of Levita vulture (see gerfalcon), + E. eagle.] A bird icus xi. 18 (vulture in the revised version), supposed to be the Neophron percnopterus. These . ye shall have in abomination among the fowls . . . the swan, and the pelican, and the gier-eagle. Lev. xi. 18. gies (gēs), n. pl. [Pacific islands.] Strong mats gif (gif), conj. An obsolete or dialectal (Scotch) Gif I have failyeit, baldlie repreif my ryme. Gavin Douglas, Pref. to tr. of Virgil. Your brother's mistress, Gif she can be reclaimed; gif not, his prey! B. Jonson, Sad Shepherd, ii. 1. giff-gaff (gif'gaf), n. [E. dial. and Sc., a varied redupl. of give1. Cf. gewgaw.] Mutual or reciprocal giving and taking; mutual obligation; tit for tat. Proverb. Giff-gaff makes good fellowship. gift (gift), n. [< ME. gift, commonly gift, geft, = |