gain Specifically-(a) To obtain as material profit or advantage; get possession of in return for effort or outlay: as, to gain a fortune by manufactures or by speculation. What is a man profited, if he shall gain the whole world, and lose his own soul? Mat. xvi. 26. (b) To obtain by competition; acquire by success or superiority; win from another or others: as, to gain a prize, a victory, or a battle; to gain a cause in law. Som other Cicill hit sothly myght be, That was geynde to Grece, then the grete yle, 2430 ed with gegn, adv., opposite, against (= E. gain3, a-gain, a-gain-st) (gagna, go against, meet, serviceable): see gain3, gain-.] 1. Straight; suit, be meet; cf. handy2, near, with handy1, direct; hence, near; short: as, the gainest way. The gaynest gates [way] now will we wende. York Plays, p. 67. They told me it was a gainer way, and a fairer way, and by that occasion I lay there a night. Latimer, 3d Sermon bef. Edw. VI., 1549. 2+. Suitable; convenient; ready. With that, was comen to toun, Rohand, with help ful gode, And gayn. Sir Tristrem, p. 49. gaining-machine The blessed institution of the Lorde Jesus, which he hath commanded to be vsed in his kirk to his gain coming. Ressoning betwix Crosraguell and J. Knox, [c. ii. a. (Jamieson.) gaincopet, v. t. [< gain- + cope3.] To get over or go across the nearest way to meet. Nicopolis was three miles and three quarters from Alex- 3. In provincial English use: (a) Easy; tolera- part of a figure of which the andria, and received its name from the victory Augustus gain'd there over Anthony. Pococke, Description of the East, I. 11. Though unequall'd to the goal he flies, A meaner than himself shall gain the prize. Cowper, Truth, 1. 16. (c) To obtain the friendship or interest of; win over; conciliate. If he shall hear thee, thou hast gained thy brother. Mat. xviii. 15. I am perswaded Mr. Weld will in time gaine him to give them all that is dew to him. Sherley, quoted in Bradford's Plymouth Plantation, p. 401. To gratify the queen, and gain the court. Dryden, Æneid. 2. To reach by effort; get to; arrive at: as, to gain a good harbor, or the mountain-top. Now spurs the lated traveller apace, Prior, To Boileau Despreaux. ble. Halliwell. (b) Handy; dexterous. Halliwell. (c) Honest; respectable. Halliwell. (d) Moderate; cheap. I bought the horse very gain. Forby. At the gainest, or the gainest, by the nearest or quickest way. They ... risted theme never, . . . Evere the senatour for-sothe soghte at the gayneste, By the sevende day was gone the cetee thai rechide. Morte Arthure (E. E. T. S.), l. 487. I stryke at the gaynest. Ie frappe, and ie rue atort et a trauers. I toke no hede what I dyd, but strake at the gaynest, or at all aduentures. Palsgrave. gain2 (gān), adv. [< ME. gayne, fitly, quickly; from the adj.] 1. Straightly; quickly; by the nearest way. Gayn vnto Grese on the gray water, By the Regions of Rene rode thai ferre, Streit by the stremys of the stithe londys. Destruction of Troy (E. E. T. S.), 1. 2813. 2. Suitably; conveniently; dexterously; moderately. [Prov. Eng.]-3. Tolerably; fairly: as, gain quiet (pretty quiet). Forby. [Prov. Eng. and Scotch.] 3. To bring or undergo an accession of; cause gainst, prep. [In dial. use gen, gin, as abbr. of the acquisition of; make an increase in any re-again, agen, etc.; ME., also gayn, gein, zæn, < spect to the amount of: as, his misfortune AS. geán, usually in comp., ongeán, ongegn, gained him much sympathy; the clock gains against: see again, against, gainst.] Against. five minutes in a day; he has gained ten pounds in weight. But their well doynge ne gayned hem but litill. Merlin (E. E. T. S.), iii. 486. gain4 (gan), n. 4+. To avail; be of use to. Thou and I been dampned to prisoun Chaucer, Knight's Tale, 1. 318. To gain ground. See ground1.- To gain over, to draw from another to one's own party or interest; win over.To gain the bell. See to bear away the bell, under bell1. To gain the wind (naut.), to get to the windward side of another ship. Syn. 1. To achieve, secure, carry, earn, get possession of. II. intrans. 1. To profit; make gain; get advantage; benefit. You must think, if we give you anything, we hope to Shak., Cor., ii. He gains by death, that hath such means to die. Shak., C. of E., iii. 2. 2. To make progress; advance; increase; improve; grow: as, to gain in strength, happiness, health, endurance, etc.; the patient gains daily. Yet in the long years liker must they grow, The man be more of woman, she of man; He gain in sweetness and in moral height. Tennyson, Princess, vii. I think that our popular theology has gained in decorum, and not in principle, over the superstitions it has displaced. Emerson, Compensation. 3+. To accrue; be added. Whan he saw it al sound so glad was he thanne, William of Palerne (E. E. T. S.), 1. 2473. To gain on or upon. (a) To encroach gradually upon; advance on and take possession of by degrees: as, the ocean or river gains on the land. Seas, that daily gain upon the shore. Tennyson, Golden Year. (b) To advance nearer, as in a race; gain ground on; lessen the distance that separates: as, the horse gains on his competitor. And still we follow'd where she led, In hope to gain upon her flight. Tennyson, The Voyage, st. 8. (c) To prevail against or have the advantage over. The English have not only gained upon the Venetians in the Levant, but have their cloth in Venice itself. Addison. (d) To obtain influence with; advance in the affections or good graces of. My good behaviour had so far gained on the emperor... that I began to conceive hopes of . . . liberty. Swift, Gulliver's Travels, i. 3. Such a one never contradicts you, but gains upon you, not by a fulsome way of commending you in broad terms, but liking whatever you propose or utter. Steele, Tatler, No. 208. gain2 (gān), a. [< ME. gayn, gein, geyn, straight, For noght man may do gain mortal deth, lo! Rom. of Partenay (E. E. T. S.), l. 6149. [<W. gan, a mortise, also capacity, ganu, hold, contain.] 1. A mortise. -2. In building, a beveled shoulder upon a binding-joist, intended to strengthen a tenon. -3. In carp., a groove in which is slid a shelf or any piece similarly fitted.-4. In coal-mining, a transverse channel or cutting made in the sides of an underground roadway for the insertion of a dam or close permanent stopping, in order to prevent gas from escaping, or air from entering. Gresley. [Midland counties, Eng.] gain4 (gan), v. t. [< gain4, n.] To mortise. gain5t, n. [OSc. gainye, ganye, genye; ME. gain; cf. ML. ganeo, a spear or dart; <Ir. gain, a dart, arrow.] A spear or javelin." Thei lete flie to the flocke ferefull sondes, = Alisaunder of Macedoine (E. E. T. S.), 1. 292. gain-. [< ME. gain-, gayn-, gein-, zein-, etc., AS. gegn-, geán- (= G. gegen- = Icel. gegn-, gagn- Sw. gen-`: Dan. gjen-), prefix, being the prep. so used: see gain3.] A prefix of Anglo-Saxon origin, meaning 'again, back,' or 'against,' formerly in common use, but now obsolete except in a few words, as gainsay. gainable (ga'na-bl), a. [< gain1 + -able.] Capable of being gained, obtained, or reached. gainaget (gā ́nāj), n. [ME. gainage, <OF. gaignage (ML. gagnagium), OF. gaagnier, gaaignier, etc., cultivate: see gain1, v.] In old law: (a) The gain or profit of tilled or planted land; crop. As the trewe man to the ploughe Only to the gaignage entendeth. Gower, MS. Soc. Antiq., 134, f. 100. (Halliwell.) (b) The horses, oxen, and other instruments of tillage, which, when a villein was amerced, were left free, that cultivation might not be interrupted. Burrill. gaincomet, v. i. [ME. *gaincumen, zeincumen; gain- + come, v.] To come back; return. gaincomet, n. [ME., also gaincum, zeyncome, etc. (cf. Dan. gjenkomst); gain- + come, n.] Return; a coming again. They lefte a burges feyre and wheme, Le Bone Florence (Ritson's Metr. Rom., III.). Henryson, Testament of Creseide, 1. 55. direct, short, fit, good, < Icel. gegn, straight, di- gaincomingt, n. [< gain + coming, verbal n. of rect, short, ready, serviceable, kindly; connect- come, v.] Return; second advent. Some indeed there have been, of a more heroical strain, who, striving to gaincope these ambages by venturing on a new discovery, have made their voyage in half the time. Joh. Robotham, To the Reader, in Comenius's Janua [Ling. (ed. 1659). gaine (gān), n. [F. gaine, a sheath, case, terminal (see def.). L. vagina, a sheath: see vagina.] In sculp., the lower head, with sometimes the bust, is alone carved to represent nature, the remaining portion presenting, as it were, the appearance of a sheath closely enveloping the body, and consequently broader at the shoulders than at the feet. Sometimes the feet are indicated at the bottom of the gaine, as if resting upon the pedestal of the figure. This form is usual in Greek archaic sculpture, and in Egyptian sculp tures, as well as in architectural sculpture. gainer (gā ́ner), n. One who gains or obtains profit, interest, or advantage. In a battailes you [Frenchmen] haue been the gainers, but in leagues and treaties our wittes hane made you losers. Hall, Edw. IV., an. 13. Wilt thou, after the expense of so much money, be now a gainer? Shak., M. W. of W., ii. 2. The Crown rather was a Gainer by him, which hath ever since been the richer for his wearing it. Baker, Chronicles, p. 166. gainery (gā ́nėr-i), n. [< gain1 + -ery.] In law, tillage, or the profit arising from it or from the beasts employed in it. gainful1 (gan'fùl), a. [< gain1 + -ful.] Producing profit or advantage; advancing interest or happiness; profitable; advantageous; lucrative. Certainly sin is not a gainful way; without doubt more men are impoverished and beggared by sinful courses than enriched. Donne, Sermons, vii. In times o'ergrown with rust and ignorance, Dryden, Religio Laici, 1. 371. They meant that their venture should be gainful, but at the same time believed that nothing could be long profitable for the body wherein the soul found not also her advantage. Lowell, Oration, Harvard, Nov. 8, 1886. gainful2+, a. [< gain3 + -ful.] Contrary; disposed to get the advantage; fractious. Jul. He will be very rough. Mast. We're us'd to that, sir; And we as rough as he, if he give occasion. Jul. You will find him gainful, but be sure you curb him. Fletcher, Pilgrim, iv. 3. gainfully (gan'fùl-i), adv. In a gainful manner; with increase of wealth; profitably; advantageously. God... is sufficiently able, albeit ye receyue no recom pence of menne, to make your almes dedes gaynfully to J. Udall, On Cor. ix. returne vnto you. gainfulness (gan'fül-nes), n. The state or quality of being gainful; profitableness. I am told, and I believe it to be true, that the bar is getting to be more and more preferred to government service by the educated youth of the country, both on the score of its gainfulness and on the score of its independence. Maine, Village Communities, App., p. 393. gain-gear (gan'gēr), n. [Sc., <gain, a reduction of gaeing (= E. going), + gear; opposed to stanmovable machinery of a mill, as distinguished nin' (= standing, fixed) gear.] In Scotland, the from fixtures. Simmonds. gaingivingt (gan'giving), n. [< gain- + giving; perhaps only in Shakspere.] A misgiving; a giving against or away. Thou wouldst not think how ill all's here about my heart. It is such a kind of gaingiving as would, perhaps, trouble a woman. Shak., Hamlet, v. 2. gaining (ga'ning), n. [Verbal n. of gain1, v.] That which one gains, as by labor, industry, successful enterprise, and the like: usually in the plural. He was inflexible to any mercy, unsatiable in his gainings, equally snatching at small and great things, so much that he went shares with the thieves. Abp. Ussher, Annals, an. 4068. gaining-machine (ga'ning-ma-shēn"), n. A machine for cutting gains, grooves, or mortises in timbers; a mortising-machine. gaining-twist gaining-twist (ga'ning-twist), n. In rifled arms, The state or gainlessness (gān'les-nes), n. The parallel holds in the gainlessness as well as the la- convenient. A gainli word. 2t. Good; gracious. Beves of Hamtoun. Bot if my gaynlych God such gref to me wolde, 3. Well formed and agile; handsome: as, a gainly+ (gān ́li), adv. [< ME. gaynly, geinli, geynliche, etc.; < gain2 + -ly2.] 1. Directly; straightway. He glent vpon syr Gawen, and gaynly he sayde, "Now syr, heng vp thyn ax." Sir Gawayne and the Green Knight (E. E. T. S.), l. 476. 2. Readily; handily; conveniently. Why has he four knees, and his hinder legs bending inwards, ... but that, being a tall creature, he might with ease kneel down, and so might the more gainly be loaden? Dr. H. More, Antidote against Atheism, ii. 10. 3. Fitly; suitably. Sche was geinli glad & oft God thonked. gain-paint, n. [F. gagne-pain, lit.'win-bread': 2431 A gentleman, noble, wise, Massinger, Roman Actor, iv. 2. gainst (genst), prep. [< ME. gains, gainis, They marched fayrly forth, of nought ydred, Battle of Balrinnes (Child's Ballads, VII. 219). And noght gaynestandyng oure grete eelde [age], In case yet all the Fates gainstrive us not, gain-twist (gān'twist), n. I done it once [identified a criminal] when Judge Lynch gainsay (gan-sa'), v. t.; pret. and pp. gainsaid, gair (gãr), n. A Scotch form of gore2. ppr. gainsaying. [< ME. *gainsayen, zeinseyen, abbr. of azeinseyen, azenseyen, etc., tr. L. contradicere, etc. (= ÖDan. gensige), speak against, < azein, azen, again, against, + sayen, etc., say: see againsay, again, gain-, and say1.] To speak against; contradict; oppose in words; deny or declare not to be true; controvert; dispute: applied to persons, or to propositions, declarations, or facts. Thenne he sayd to me: fayre sone, I neuer accorded Holy Rood (E. E. T. S.), p. 157. The fearefull Chorle durst not gainesay nor dooe, But trembling stood, and yielded him the pray. Spenser, F. Q., III. viii. 13. Yet will not heaven disown nor earth gainsay The outward service of this day. Wordsworth, Ode, 1816. There is no gainsaying his marvellous and instant imagination. Stedman, William Blake. gainsay (gan'sā), n. [< gainsay, v. Cf. OSw. gensagn, Sw. gensaga = ODan. gensagn, contradiction.] A gainsaying; opposition in words; contradiction. [Rare.] therto, but gaynsayd it alwaye. An air and tone admitting of no gainsay or appeal. Irving, Sketch-Book, p. 431. gainsayer (gān-sā ́èr), n. [<gainsay +-er1. Cf. ME. agenseyere.] One who contradicts or denies what is alleged; an opposer. Tit. i. 9. Holding fast the faithful word as he hath been taught, that he may be able . . . to convince the gainsayers. gainsaying (gān-sā ́ing), n. [< ME. gaynesayenge, etc.; verbal n. of gainsay, v.] 1. Opposition, especially in speech; refusal to accept or believe something; contradiction; denial. Wherunto my game sayenge nor resonynge by fayre meanes or foule made to the contrarye myght not auayle nor be herde. Sir R. Guylforde, Pylgrymage, p. 63. If St. Paul had not foreseene that there should be gainesayers, he had not neede to haue appointed the confutation of gainsaying. Latimer, 3d Sermon bef. Edw. VI. 24. Rebellious opposition; rebellion. Woe unto them! for they have gone in the way of Cain Jude 11. ... and perished in the gainsaying of Core. gainsome1+ (gān'sum), a. [< gain1 + -some.] Bringing gain; gainful. gainsome2+ (gānʼsum), a. [< gain2 + -some.] Well formed; handsome; gainly. And ye'll tak aff my Hollin sark, And riv 't frae gair to gair. Young Johnstone (Child's Ballads, II. 296). gairfish (gar'fish), n. A name of the porpoise. gairish, gairishly, etc. See garish, etc. And haud your tongue, bonny Lizie; Address thy gait unto her; Be not denied access. 2. Manner of walking or stepping; carriage of galactocele On her legs were shooting gaiters of russet leather, decidedly influenced as to color by the tyrannic soil. Harper's Mag., LXXVI. 189. 2. Originally, a kind of shoe, consisting partly of cloth, covering the ankle; now, also, a shoe of similar form, with or without cloth, generally with an insertion of elastic on each side. gaiter1 (ga'tėr), v. t. [< gaiter1, n.] To dress with gaiters. The cavalry must be saddled, the artillery-horses harnessed, and the infantry gaitered. Trial of Lord G. Sackville (1760), p. 11. gaiter2+ (gā ́ter), n. [Also gatter- (in comp.); < ME. gaytre; origin obscure.] The dogwoodtree. Now gaiter-tree, gattridge. gaiter-berryt, n. A berry of the dogwood-tree, Cornus sanguinea or C. mascula. Youre laxatives Of laurial, centaure, and fumetere, Or elles of ellebor that groweth there, Of catapuce or of gaytres beryis. Chaucer, Nun's Priest's Tale, 1. 145. gaiter-treet, gatter-treet, n. [< gaiter2 + tree.] One of several hedgerow trees and bushes, as the dogwood (Cornus sanguinea), the spindletree (Euonymus Europæus), and the guelderrose (Viburnum Opulus). Also gatten-tree, gatteridge. I hear they call this [the dogwood] in the North parts of the Land the gatter tree, and the berries gatter berries. Parkinson, Herbal (1640), p. 1521. gaittt, n. A Scotch spelling of get1. [Cornish.] A more or less decomposed ferruginous rock, nearly or quite the same as gossan. gal2 (gal), n. A vulgar corruption of girl. = The standard of our city, reserved like a choice handkerchief, for days of gala, hung motionless on the flagstaff. Irving, Knickerbocker, p. 184. The river is a perpetual gala, and boasts each month a new ornament. Emerson, Misc., p. 23. gala2 (gä ́lä), n. [Appar. named from Galashiels, a manufacturing town in Scotland.] A textile fabric made in Scotland. galactagogue (ga-lak'ta-gog), n. [< Gr. yáλa (γαλακτ-), milk, + αγωγός, leading, < ἄγειν, lead.] A medicine which promotes the secretion of milk in the breast. galactia (ga-lak'ti-ä), n. [NL., < Gr. yáλa (ya = KT-), milk: see galactic.] 1. In pathol., a gaita (gat), n. [Appar. a particular use of = Lax in their gaiters, laxer in their gait. [ Gr. γάλα (γαgalactocele (ga-lak'tō-sēl), n. aKT-), milk, + K2n, tumor.] In surg., a morbid accumulation of milk at some point in the female breast, either an extravasation from a ruptured duct or contained in a dilated duct. Galactodendron Galactodendron (ga-lak-to-den'dron), n. [NL., n. [ Gr. γάλα (γαλακτ-), milk, + payɛiv, eat, +-ist.] One who eats or subsists on milk. Wright. [Rare.] galactophagous (gal-ak-tof'a-gus), a. [K Gr. yahakтopάyoç, milk-fed,< γάλα (γαλακτ-), milk, + φαγεῖν, eat.] Feeding or subsisting on milk. [Rare.] greitis (gal-ak-tof-o-ri' 2432 gos of Africa, of the size of a squirrel and up- long. galam butter (ga'lam but'èr). See vegetable = Galaxy of πnyvival, fix, fasten, congeal, curdle), +-ite2.] In mineral., a variety of halloysite. galapee-tree (gal'a-pe-tre), n. The Sciadophyllum Brownei, a small araliaceous tree of the West Indies, with a nearly simple stem bearing a head of large digitate leaves. Galatea (gal-a-tea), n. [L., < Gr. Tahárɛia, a fem. name.] "1. In zool., a name variously applied. (a) In the form Galathea, by Bruguière valve mollusks, of the fam- latoa. Also called Egeria, Right Valve of Galatea reclusa. nus of crustaceans. See 2. [1. c.] A cotton material, striped blue and tis), n. [NL., galactophor-ous + -itis.] In pathol., inflammation of the galactophorous ducts: sometimes inaccurately used for ulceration of the top of the nipples toward their orifices. Dunglison. galactophorous (gal-ak-tof'o-rus), a. [< Gr. yahaктopóрos, giving milk, < yaha (yahaкT-), milk, ginger) from Ko or Kao, also called Kao-chow- Galathea + -ida.] A family of macrurous deca Galactometer. + gépei = E. bear1.] Conveying or producing galactopoietic, galactopoetic (ga-lakto-poiet'ik, -po-et'ik), a. and n. [<Gr. yaha (yanakт-), milk, Toiv, make: see poetic.] I. a. Serving to increase the secretion of milk. milk; lactiferous.-Galactophorous duct. See duct. cretion of milk. II. n. A substance which increases the segalactopyretus (ga-lak" tō-pi-rē'tus), n. [NL., < Gr. γάλα (γαλακτ.), milk, + πυρετός, fever: see pyretic.] Milk-fever. Thomas, Med. Dict. galactorrhea, galactorrhoea (ga-lak-to-rē ́ä), n. [NL. galactorrhea, Gr. yaha (yahakт-), milk, pon, a flow, < peiv, flow.] In pathol., an excessive flow of milk. galactose (ga-lak'tōs), n. [< Gr. yáha (yahaкT-), galactozyme (ga-lak'tō-zīm), n. [NL., Gr. luria. fu, a prefecture in the province of Kwang-tung Poudre-marchaunt tart and galyngale. 2. A sedge, Cyperus longus, with an aromatic The dale Was seen far inland, and the yellow down # pod crustaceans, having a large broad abdo- II. n. 1. A native or an inhabitant of Galatia in Asia Minor. O foolish Galatians, who hath bewitched you, that ye should not obey the truth? Gal. iii. 1. 2. pl. The shortened title of the Epistle to the Galatians. (See below.) Abbreviated Gal.Epistle to the Galatians, one of the epistles of the Apostle Paul, written to the Galatian churches probably about A. D. 56. Its chief contents are a vindication of Paul's authority as an apostle, a plea for the principle of justification by faith, and a concluding exhortation. Galax (ga'laks), n. [NL., appar. based on Gr. yáha, milk.] A genus of plants, referred to the natural order Diapensiacea, of a single species, G. aphylla, found in open woods from Vir gala-day (gā'lä-dā), n. [See gala1.] A day of galactanthus, <Gr. уáha (yahaкт-), milk, + åveos, ginia to Georgia. It is a stemless evergreen, with That is to wete, of all wete lethere and drye botez, botwez, schoez, pyncouz, galegez, and all other ware perteynyng to the saide crafte. English Gilds (E. E. T. S.), p. 332. My hart-blood is wel nigh frorne, I feele, And my galage growne fast to my heele. Spenser, Shep. Cal., February. Galagininæ (ga-laj-i-ni'nē), n. pl. [NL.; cf. Galagonina, a similar group name; Galago(n-) + -ina.] Á subfamily of Lemurida, the galagos. It is characterized by the great elongation of the proximal tarsal bones, especially the calcaneum and naviculare, disproportionately long hind limbs, high upright ears, and four mammæ, two pectoral and two inguinal. The group contains, besides the galagos proper, the smallest lemuroid animals, as the dwarf lemurs and mouse-lemurs of Madagascar, of the genus Microcebus and its subdivisions. galantine (gal'an-tin), n. [< ME. galantyne, gal- No man yit in the morter spices grond If the cold fowl and salad failed, there must be galan tine of veal with ham to fall back on. Harper's Mag., LXXVIII. 84. There were gallipagos or tortoises, also, being great round-cordate leaves and a tall scape bearing a slender Galaxias (ga-lak'si-as), n. [NL., < Gr. yahagias, son. Galaxiidæ (gal-ak-si'i-dē), n. pl. [NL., < Ga- It is produced by myriads of stars, into which it is resolved Chaucer, House of Fame, 1. 936. Galaxy A broad and ample road, whose dust is gold, Which nightly, as a circling zone, thou seest Often has my mind hung with fondness and admiration over the crowded, yet clear and luminous, galaxies of imagery, diffused through the works of Bishop Taylor. Parr. Galba (gal'bä), n. [NL., L. galba, a small worm, the ash-borer.] 1. In zool.: (a) A genus made to include such species of Limnaa as L. palustris. Schranck, 1803. (b) A genus of arachnidans. Heyden, 1826. (c) A supposed genus of worms. Johnston, 1834. (d) A genus of sternoxine beetles, of the family Eucnemide, having a few species, all of the Malay archipelago.-2. [l. c.] The wood of Calophyllum calaba, a large tree of Trinidad. It is strong and durable, and one of the best woods of the region. Galbalcyrhynchus (gal-bal-si-ring' kus), n. [NL. (Des Murs, 1845), intended to signify a jacamar with a bill like a kingfisher's, Galbula) + alcy(on), kingfisher, + Gr. puyxos, bill.] A genus of Galbulide, having the characters of Galbula, but a short, nearly even tail as in Kingfisher Jacamar ( Galbalcyrhynchus leucotis). Brachygalba, of 12 feathers, and a comparatively stout bill; the kingfisher jacamars. There is but one species, G. leucotis, 8 inches long, of a chestnut color with dark wings and tail, and white ears and bill, inhabiting the region of the upper Amazon. Also written Galbalcyorhynchus. galban (gal'ban), n. [ME. galbane = G. galban, galben, L. galbanum: see galbanum.] Same as galbanum. [Now seldom used.] = = Brymstoon and galbane oute chaseth gnattes. Palladius, Husbondrie (E. E. T. S.), p. 33. galbanum (gal'ba-num), n. [Also rarely galban, q. V.; = F. galbanum = Pr. galbani, galba Sp. gálbano Pg. It. galbano, L. galbanum, LL. also galbanus and chalbane, Gr. xa2ßávn, Heb. khelb'nah, galbanum, < khalab, be fat; cf. kḥālāb, milk.] Å gum resin obtained from species of Ferula, especially F. galbaniflua and F. rubricaulis, of the desert regions of Persia. It occurs in the form of translucent tears, and has a peculiar aromatic odor and a disagreeable alliaceous taste. It is used in medicine as a stimulating expectorant and as an ingredient in plasters. Take unto thee sweet spices, stacte, and onycha, and galbanum; . . . thou shalt make it a perfume. Ex. xxx. 34, 35. galbe (galb), n. [F., contour, sweep, curve, etc., OF. galbe, also garbe, a garb, comeliness, gracefulness, > E. garb1, q. v.] In art, the general outline or form of any rounded object, as a head or vase; especially, in architecture, the curved form of a column, a Doric capital, or other similar feature. jacamar, and by Linnæus in 1758 to the Baltimore oriole, 2433 Galega America: more usually called sweet-gale, from its pleasant aromatic odor. I boated over, ran My craft aground, and heard with beating heart gale (gal), n. [Contr. of gavell, q. v.] 1. A Galbulidæ (gal-bu'li-dē), n. pl. [NL., Gal- = = = Rent would be collected by revenue officers with as much regularity as the taxes. We should hear no more of "hanging gale," of large remissions, of accumulated Edinburgh Rev., CLXIII. 587. arrears. gale6 (gal), v. i.; pret. and pp. galed, ppr. galing. [E. dial.] To crack with heat or dryness, as wood. galet, n. [Cf. galley-halfpenny.] A copper coin. And thanne the Delyved to every Pylgryme a candyll of wax brennyng in his honde All the masse tyme, ffor which Torkington, Diarie of Eng. Travell, p. 26. Candyll they recyvyd of every Pylgryme v gale ob. galea (ga'le-ä), n.; pl. galeæ (-ē). [L., a hel- resem gale1 (gal), v. [ME. galen, sing, cry, croak, < Now telleth forth, thogh that the somonour gale. York Plays, p. 321. II. trans. To sing; utter with musical modulations. = = The lusty nightingale bling a helmet in shape or position. (a) [cap.] In zool., a genus of Under Surface of Head of Tumble-bug (Copris carolina), about four times natural size. 1, galea; 2, palpifer; 3, lacinia; 4, subgalea; 5, maxillary palp; 6, stipes. The extremity of the maxillae is often terminated by two divisions or lobes, of which the outer, in the Orthop. tera, is termed the galea. In Cuvier's Règne Anim. (tr. of 1849), p. 474. (c) In ornith., a frontal shield, as that of a coot or galli- see, below). (e) In bot., a name given to the parts of the names of the occipitofrontalis muscle, and especially of galeast, n. See galleass. A little gale will soon disperse that cloud. galeate (ga le-at), a. [< L. galeatus, pp. of ga- 2. Figuratively, a state of noisy excitement, as The ladies, laughing heartily, were fast going into what, At last, to our joy, dinner was announced; but oh, ye gods! as we entered the dining-room, what a gale met our pest, etc. See wind2, n. = the sea, or one which is suitable for catching mackerel, as 2. Helmet-shaped: as, a galeate echinus; the galeate upper sepal of the monk's-hood. Same as galeate: galeated (ga le-a-ted), a. as, the galeated curassow (Pauxis galeata). gale-beer (gal'ber), n. A beer flavored with the blossoms of a kind of heather, or perhaps sweet-gale. It is made chiefly in Yorkshire, gale-day (gal'da), n. Rent-day. [Eng.] and is said to be of ancient origin. [Eng.] galee (ga-le'), n. [< gale4+ -ee1.] In coal-mining, the person to whom a gale has been granted. [Forest of Dean, Eng.] [NL., irreg. < Gr. yáλa, Galega (ga-le'gä), n. milk, ayev, lead, induce.] A genus of tall perennial leguminous herbs, with racemes of blue or white flowers and linear cylindrical pods. There are 3 or 4 species, of southern Europe and western Asia. The goat's rue, G. officinalis, was formerly used in medicine as a diaphoretic and stimulant, and is occasionally found in gardens. Galega Galei (gā lē-i), n. pl. [NL., pl. of Galeus, q. v.] 2434 in 1664 by Galen Abraham de Haan, a physician galenitel (ga-le'nit), n. [< galena + -ite2.] Same as Galenist1. Not much vnlike a skilfull Galenite, Sylvester, tr. of Du Bartas's Weeks, ii., The Trophies. luster. chians except the Rhina. = galeiform1 (ga le-i-form), a. [< L. galea, a hel- is a very common mineral, and is valuable as an ore of lead and often still more so as an ore of silver. The variety carrying silver is called argentiferous galena. Also called galenite.-False galena, or pseudo-galena. See black-jack, 3, and blende. Galenian (ga-lē'ni-an), a. [< Galen (see Galenic2) + -ian.] Same as Galenic2.-Galenian figure, the fourth figure of syllogism, the invention of which is attributed to Galen by Averroes and by a Greek glossator. It consists of the indirect moods added to the first figure by Theophrastus with their premises transposed that is to say, the premise regarded by Theophrastus as the major is taken by Galen for the minor, and vice versa. galenic1 (ga-len'ik), a. [<galena + -ic.] Pertaining to or containing galena. Also galenical. Galenic2 (ga-len'ik), a. [< Galen (L. Galenus, <Gr. Tahnvóc) +-ic.] Relating to Galen, a celebrated physician and medical writer (born at Pergamum in Mysia about A. D. 130), or to his principles and method of treating diseases. Galen was noted for his precise description of the bones, muscles, nerves, and other organs, and for his use of the methods of experiment and vivisection. The Galenic (as opposed to chemical) remedies consist of preparations of herbs and roots by infusion, decoction, etc. Also Galeni cal, Galenian. I have given some idea of the chief remedies used by some of our earlier physicians, which were both Galenic and chemical: that is, vegetable and mineral. O. W. Holmes, Med. Essays, p. 339. galenicall (ga-len'i-kal), a. Same as galenic, Galenical2 (ga-len'i-kal), a. Same as Galenic2. galeniferous (ga-le-nif'e-rus), a. [L. gale = na, galena, + ferre E. bear1.] Containing or [< Galen (see Ga galentinet, ". Same as galantine, 1. galeod (ga'le-od), n. [ Gr. yahewdns, contr. of found on the steppes of the Volga and in southern Russia. Galeodida (ga-le-od'i-dē), n. pl. [NL., < Galeo- A bivalve mol The galeoid selachians. cida. Galeopithecida (gale-0-pi-the' si-de), n. pl. Flying-lemur (Galeopithecus volans). Philippines and other islands of the Indian archipelago, and the Malay peninsula, subsisting chiefly on leaves, but also doubtless on insects. They are nocturnal in habit, passing the daytime hanging head downward in the trees like bats, and during the night gliding through the air for many yards at a leap, by means of their great parachutes. See flying-lemur. [L. (Pliny), a kind of nettle, blind nettle, Gr. yakiovus (Dioscorides), appar. for *yankovic, <yakén, a weasel, + labiate weeds of Europe. The common hempos, appearance.] A small genus of annual nettle, G. Tetrahit, is widely naturalized in the Galeopsis (ga-le-op'sis), n. United States. galeorhinid (ga le-o-rin'id), n. A selachian of Oil-shark (Galeorhinus zyopterus). (From Report of U. S. Fish Commission, 1884.) of the family Galeorhinida; the topes and oilsharks. G. galeus or Galeus canis is the tope, and G. zyopterus is the oil-shark of California. Also called Galeus (which see). Galeosaurus (ga "le-o-sâ'rus), n. [NL. (R. Owen, 1859), Gr. yakeós, a kind of shark, + oavpoç, lizard.] A genus of fossil crocodiles, characterized by their theriodont dentition. See the extract. Also written Galesaurus. The most remarkable, in reference to the dental system, is the Galeosaurus, in which the well marked differences in size and shape permit the division of the teeth, in both upper and lower jaws, into incisors, canines, and molars. Owen, Anat., I. 409. Galeoscoptes (ga le-o-skop'tēz), n. [NL. (Cabanis, 1851), Gr. yazén, a weasel, also some times a cat, + σκώπτης, a mocker, < σκώπτειν, mock.] A genus of mocking-thrushes of the lenic2)+ -ism.] The medical system or princi- moptera or Pterophora; the so-called flying. subfamily Mimine, or a subgenus of Mimus, the ples of Galen. Galenist1 (ga'len-ist), n. [< Galen (see Galenic2) +-ist.] In med., a follower of Galen. Your majesty's recovery must be by the medicines of the Galenists and Arabians, and not of the Chemists or Paracelsians. For it will not be wrought by any one fine extract or strong water, but by a skillful compound of a number of ingredients. Bacon, To the King, Sept. 18, 1612. We, like subtile chymists, extract and refine our Pleasure; while they, like fulsome Galenists, take it in gross. Shadwell, Epsom Wells, i. 1. These Galenists were what we should call herb-doctors to-day. O. W. Holmes, Med. Essays, p. 319. Galenist2 (ga ́len-ist), n. [< Galen (see def.) + -ist.] A member of a Mennonite sect founded lemurs, formerly associated by some with the type and only member of which is the common nensis. See cat-bird. cat-bird of the United States, G. or M. caroligaleott, galeotet, n. See galiot. Galeotherium (ga le-o-the'ri-um), n. [NL., < Gr. yazén, a weasel, +Onpiov, a wild beast.] A genus of fossil carnivorous quadrupeds, probably of the family Fiverride. galera (ga-le'rä), n. [NL., L. galera, occasional form of galerum, a helmet.] 1. A plantigrade carnivorous quadruped, Galera barbara, of the subfamily Mustelina, inhabiting South America; the taira.-2. [cap.] A genus of which the galera is the type, or a subgenus of |