SEC. 19, The legislature shall not pass local or special laws in any of the following enumerated cases, that is to say:

Regulating the jurisdiction and duties of justices of the peace and constables.

For the punishment of crimes andmisdemeanors.
Regulating the practice of the courts of justice.

Providing for a change of venue in civil or criminal actions.
Granting divorces.

Changing the names of persons or places.

Authorizing the laying out, opening, altering, maintaining. working on, or vacating roads, highways, streets, alleys, town plats, parks, cemeteries, or any public grounds not owned by the State.

Summoning and impanneling grand and trial juries, and providing for their compensation.

Regulating county and township business, or the election of county and township officers.

For the assessment and collection of taxes.

Providing for and conducting elections, or designating the place of voting.

Affecting estates of deceased persons, minors, or other persons under legal disabilities.

Extending the time for collection of taxes.

Giving effect to invalid deeds, leases or other instruments. Refunding money paid into the State treasury.

Releasing or extinguishing, in whole or in part, the indebtedness, liability or obligation of any person or corporation in this State, or any municipal corporation therein.

Declaring any person of age, or authorizing any minor to sell, lease, or encumber his or her property.

Legalizing as against the State the unauthorized or invalid act of any officer.

Exempting property from taxation.

Changing county seats; unless the law authorizing the change shall require that two-thirds of the legal votes cast at a general or special election shall designate the place to which the county seat shall be changed: PROVIDED, That the power to pass a special law shall cease as long as the Legislature shall provide for such change by general law: PROVIDED FURTHER, That no special law shall be passed for any one county oftener than once in six years.

Restoring to citizenship persons convicted of infamous crimes. Regulating the interest on money..

Authorizing the creation, extension or impairing of liens.
Chartering or licensing ferries, bridges or roads.

Remitting fines, penalties or forfeitures.

Providing for the management of common schools.

Creating offices or prescribing the powers and duties of officers in counties, cities, townships, election districts, or school districts, except as in this Constitution otherwise provided. Changing the law of descent or succession.

Authorizing the adoption or legitimization of children.
For limitation of civil or criminal actions.

Creating any corporation.

Creating, increasing or decreasing fees, percentages, or allowances of public officers during the term for which said officers are elected or appointed.

SEC. 20. The Legislature shall not authorize any lottery or gift enterprise under any pretense or for any purpose whatever. SEC. 21. All bills or joint resolutions passed shall be signed by the presiding officers of the respective houses.

SEC. 22. No act shall take effect until sixty days from the end of the session at which the same shall have been passed, except in case of emergency, which emergency shall be declared in the preamble or in the body of the law.

SEC. 23. Each member of the Legislature shall receive for his services a sum not exceeding five dollars per day from the commencement of the session, but such pay shall not exceed for aech member, except the presiding officers, in the aggregate three hundred dollars for per diem allowances for any one session; and shall receive each the sum of ten cents per mile each way by the usual traveled route.

When convened in extra session by the Governor, they shall each receive five dollars per day; but no extra session shall continue for a longer period than twenty days, except in case of the first session of the Legislature. They shall receive such mileage as is allowed for regular sessions. The presiding officers of the Legislature shall each in virtue of his office receive an additional compensation equal to one-half his per diem allowance as a member: PROVIDED, That whenever any member of the Legislature shall travel on a free pass in coming to or returning from the session of the Legislature, the number of miles actually traveled on such pass shall be deducted from the mileage of such member.

SEC. 24. The first concern of all good government is the virtue and sobriety of the people, and the purity of the home.

The Legislature should further all wise and well directed efforts for the promotion of temperance and morality.

SEC. 25. The members of the Legislature shall, before they enter upon the duties of their respective offices, take or subscribe the following oath or afflmation; "I do solemly swear (or affirm, as the case may be) that I will support the Constitution of the United States and the Constitution of the State of Idaho, and that I will faithfully discharge the duties of senator (or representative, as the case may be) according to the best of my ability." And such oath may be administered by the Governor, Secretary of State, or judge of the supreme court, or presiding officer of either house.

ARTICLE IV.

EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT.

SECTION 1. The executive department shall consist of a Governor, Lieutenant-Governor, Secretary of State, State Auditor, State Treasurer, Attorney-General, and Superintendent of Public Instruction, each of whom shall hold his office for two years beginning on the first Monday in January next after his election, except as otherwise provided in this Constitution. The officers of the executive department, excepting the LieutenantGovernor, shall, during their terms of office, reside at the seat of government, where they shall keep the public records, books, and papers. They shall preform such duties as are prescribed by this Constitution and as may be prescribed by law.

SEC. 2. The officers named in section one of this article shall be elected by the qualified electors of the State at the time and places of voting for members of the Legislature, and the persons, respectively, having the highest number of votes for the office voted for shall be elected; but if two or more shall have an equal and the highest number of votes for any one of said offices, the two houses of the Legislature at its next regular session, shall forthwith, by joint ballot, elect one of such persons for said office. The returns of election for the officers named in section one shall be made in such manner as may be prescribed by law, and all contested elections of the same, other than provided for in this section, shall be determined as may be prescribed by law.

SEC. 3. No person shall be eligible to the office of Governor or Lieutenant-Governor unless he shall have attained the age

of thirty years at the time of his election; nor to the office of Secretary of State, State Auditor, Superintendent of Public Instruction, or State Treasurer unless he shall have attained the age of twenty-five years; nor to the office of Attorney-General unless he shall have attained the age of thirty years, and have been admitted to practice in the supreme court of the State or Territory of Idaho, and be in good standing at the time of his election. In addition to the qualifications above described each of the officers named shall be a citizen of the United States and shall have resided within the State or Territory two years next preceeding his election.

SEC. 4. The Governer shall be commander-in-chief of the military forces of the State, except when they shall be called into actual service of the United States. He shall have power to call out the militia to execute the laws, to suppress insurrection, or to repel invasion.

SEC. 5. The supreme executive power of the State is vested in the Governor, who shall see that the laws are faithfully executed.

SEC. 6. The Governor shall nominate and, by and with the consent of the senate, appoint all officers whose offices are established by this Constitution, or which may be created by law and whose appointment or election is not otherwise provided for. If, during the recess of the senate, a vacancy occurs in any State or district office, the Governor shall appoint some fit person to discharge the duties thereof until the next meeting of the senate, when he shall nominate some person to fill such office. If the office of a Justice of the supreme or district court, Secretary of State, State Auditor, State Treasurer, AttorneyGeneral, or Superintendent of Public Instruction shall be vacated by death, resignation or otherwise, it shall be the duty of the Governor to fill the same by appointment, and the appointee shall hold his office until his successor shall be elected and qualified in such manner as may be provided by law.

SEC. 7. The Governor, Secretary of State, and AttorneyGeneral shall constitute a board to be known as the board of pardons. Said board, or a majority thereof, shall have power to remit fines and forfeitures, and to grant commutations and pardons after conviction and judgment, either absolutely or upon such conditions as they may impose, in all cases of effenses against the State except treason or conviction on impeachment. The Legislature shall by law prescribe the ses

sions of said board and the manner in which application shall be made and regulate the proceedings thereon; but no fine or forfeiture shall be remitted, and no commutation or pardon granted, except by the decision of a majority of said board, after a full hearing in open session, and until previous notice of the time and place of such hearing and the release applied for shall have been given by publication in some newspaper of general circulation at least once a week for four weeks. The proceedings and decision of the board shall be reduced to writing and with their reasons for their action in each case, and the dissent of any member who may disagree, signed by him, and filed, with all papers used upon the hearing, in the office of the Secretary of State.

The Governor shall have power to grant respites or reprieves in all cases of convictions for offenses against the State, except treason or conviction on impeachment, but such respites or reprieves shall not extend beyond the next session of the board of pardons; and such board shall at such sesssion continue or determine such respite or reprieve, or they may commute or pardon the offense, as herein provided. In cases of conviction for treason the governor shall have the power to suspend the execution of the sentence until the case shall be reported to the Legislature at its next regular session, when the Legislature shall either pardon or commute the sentence, direct its execution, or grant a further reprieve. He shall communicate to the Legislature, at each regular session, each case of remission of fine or forfeiture, reprieve, commutation, or pardon granted since the last previous report, stating the name of the convict, the crime of which he was convicted, the sentence and its date, and the date of remission, commutation, pardon, or reprieve, with the reasons for granting the same, and the objections, if any, of any member of the board made thereto.

SEC. 8. The Governor may require information in writing from the officers of the executive department upon any subject relating to the duties of their respective offices, which information shall be given upon oath whenever so required; he may also require information in writing, at any time, under oath, from all officers and managers of State institutions, upon any subject relating to the condition, management and expenses of their respective offices and institutions, and may at any time he deems it necessary, appoint a committee to investigate and report to him upon the condititon of any executive office or State institution. The Governor shall at the commencement of