then commenced with small arms and artillery, which soon drove the rebels, who returned the fire, from their position, into the adjoining woods, when several companies from the main body were ordered into the woods to dislodge them, which they gallantly effected in a very short time. The rebels then fled in every direction, closely pursued by the loyalists, and had the wings of the attacking force reached their positions a little sooner, hardly a rebel would have escaped Montgomery's Inn and premises. The rendezvous of the rebels was immediately searched-a large table was found, set out with all the delicacies of the season for Mackenzie and his rebel érew, which was soon scattered to the winds, and the house, after having been completely riddled was burnt to ashes, with the whole of the out-buildings, by the indignant Militia, who could not be restrained from inflicting this signal act of justice on so vile a traitor. The Loyalists then marched on, throwing out skirmishers to the right and left, seven miles farther; a party proceeded as far as the house of the traitor Gibson, about ten miles from town, which was also consigned to the flames.

A great number of prisoners were taken and brought to His Excellency, who, being the Representative of our gracious Sovereign, considered that he could not have a better opportunity than was then offered of exhibiting that clemency which is one of the brightest attributes of Royalty, and therefore after suitable admonition and kind advice, he pardoned them their treason and let them go, as they were evidently the dupes of their leaders. This gracious act was so unexpected that many of the prisoners burst into tears, and some of them offered their services in the cause of their Queen, from which they declared themselves to have been seduced by that vile paper, the Constitution. The poison contained in that vehicle of slander and treason was greedily swallowed by these simple people, who seeing no contradiction to the falsehoods it circulated, were unprovided with an antidote. The loyal people of the province may however rest assured that hereafter traitors will be dealt with according to the rigour of the laws, as the day of clemency has nearly passed.

The number of killed and wounded on the part of the rebels has not been fully ascertained, but it has been estimated at 50. Our loss only amounted to 3, slightly wounded. It was found that the rebels were very advantageously posted, and were between 300 and 400 strong, after deducting about 80 of their men detached to enter the town by the Don Bridge, and set it on fire. These men were fortunately repulsed by the guard posted at that point, but not before they had burnt down several houses on the estate of the late Simeon Washburn, Esq., adjoining the bridge. They had indeed actually fired the bridge

itself, but the flames were speedily extinguished by the exertions of the Militia.

Several flags were taken from Montgomery's house, one of them (a large red flag) bearing the following words; viz., on one side

And on the other,

"Victoria the 1st and Reform."

"Bidwell and the Glorious Majority."

"1837 and a good beginning."

This flag was doubtless intended to take the place of the Royal Ensign which floats over the Government-house, on gaining the first victory and installing the first President.

There were several other flags; one decorated with stars, another with stripes, and one plain white flag, probably intended for a flag of truce.

During the absence of the force sent to attack the rebels, the command of the city was committed to Mr. Justice Macaulay, who, as everybody knows, was formerly an active officer of the Glengarry Light Infantry, and who was busily engaged in equipping with arms the fresh volunteers who were continually hurrying in from the country.

Our unfortunate fellow-subjects who had fallen into the hands of the rebels, and were kept prisoners for nearly three days, were rescued in the woods, after having been threatened with death by Mackenzie. The day before their release, some of them asked him whether matters between him and the Government could not be accommodated, when he fiercely replied, that "Nothing could satisfy him but the head of the Lieutenant-governor."

After the complete route of the insurgents, the whole of the loyalists were formed into column, and with the splendid pair of Colours presented by His late Majesty King George the Fourth, while Regent, to the Militia of Upper Canada, marched back to the city with His Excellency at their head, amidst the long, loud, and most enthusiastic cheers of the assembled multitude who thronged the line of march. On arriving at Parliament Buildings the men were formed into solid square, when they received the thanks of His Excellency, for their gallant conduct on that day. His Excellency addressed them at some length, and when he concluded, three loud cheers from the armed Militia demonstrated the satisfaction with which his address had been received. Three cheers were then given for "The Queen and our glorious Constitution;" when His Excellency left the ground, with, as we are sure, a proud consciousness of having nobly performed his

duty-and a confirmed reliance in the loyalty and true patriotism of the brave Militia of Upper Canada.

During the whole of this eventful period, Mr. Gurnett, the Mayor of the City, and the members of the Corporation, acted with great energy and vigilance, and for their exertions the whole province owes them a debt of gratitude.

The young men of Toronto, as well as several young gentlemen who happened to be in the city, behaved with particular gallantry.

Just before taking the field, a proclamation was issued by the Lieutenant-governor, offering large rewards for the apprehension of certain of the ringleaders in this lamentable affair; viz., Mackenzie, Gibson, Lount, Loyd, and Fletcher. None of them have yet been apprehended, but it is not likely any will escape the arm of justice. It is thought that Loyd was killed in the action on Thursday, but this is not certain.

Dr. Rolph, a person of some note, secretly quitted the capital on Tuesday, and though stopped and questioned at one or two places along the road, effected his exit from Upper Canada; and, at the latest dates, was exhibiting the character of his vaunted patriotism by haranguing his audience at Lewiston, and exciting them to aid in the rebellion of which Mackenzie was the chief ostensible promoter.

Marshal S. Bidwell, having seen the flag of the rebels, and having been called to an interview at the Government-house, expressed a desire to leave the country; and having obtained his passports, on Sunday last quitted Upper Canada for ever.

Morrison, Price, Montgomery, and other traitors of less note, are under arrest, and their cases will undergo a due investigation according to law.

Great numbers of the Insurgents have already been taken. The mass of the Militia have everywhere risen in the might of an indignant and insulted people, and are determined to put down the enemies of their peace for ever. Had it been necessary, there can be no doubt that upwards of 10,000 loyalists would have been collected in Toronto in defence of their Government and constitution within a single week. Who could desire better evidence of popular sentiment on this head?

Colonel Mac Nab has been ordered, with some of the Gore Militia, to march immediately to the London district, in order to inquire into, and put down any treasonable practices in that quarter.

Of the 2,000 Newcastle Loyalists, who were precipitating themselves into Toronto, about 200 are sent to the Niagara district, where arrangements will be made to check the progress of treason.

Sir F. B. Head has also authorised the Colonels of the Militia in the Johnstown, Eastern, Bathurst, and Ottawa districts, to conform to

any requisition from Sir John Colborne for volunteers to aid in suppressing the insurrection in Lower Canada.

He has also directed regular Militia garrisons to be provided for Toronto and Kingston, who are to be kept under pay until June next. Such, then, is the attitude which Upper Canada has assumed, at a moment when a desperate band of traitors attempted to involve her happy homes in all the horrors of civil war. Have we not reason to be proud of our country?

December 11, 1837.

Thus ended the farcical drama of Mackenzie's generalship. He fled in female attire, and undergoing several hairbreadth escapes, at last safely reached the frontier of the United States; in achieving which feat he must, at that time of the year, after a land journey of sixty or seventy miles, and in crossing the Niagara, have been well assisted by his adherents, who probably were not aware of the large rewards offered for his person. He has related some wonderful stories about his escape; but as in that part of a book which he published some years ago about Canada, where he describes his coolness, self-possession, and heroism, when a steamboat in which he was travelling on the St. Lawrence got lost in the ice and sunk, so it may be reasonably imagined his versions of his escape are tinctured with the same

romance.

I think it right to present the reader with a copy of the Extraordinary Gazette, published after the action at Gallows Hill, both as it is a curious document, and as it describes some of the traitors who ran away, or were not made prisoners at the time.*

Government-house, 8th Dec., 1837.

His Excellency the Lieutenant-governor warmly thanks, in the name of Her Majesty the Queen, the loyal and gallant Militia of

There is also another circumstance which would have required explanation, in consequence of some grave

Upper Canada, for their ready attention to the call of their country, when their services were required for putting down a cruel and unnatural rebellion.

His Excellency trusts, that the service has now been effectually rendered, and it only remains for him to take whatever steps may be necessary for the peace and security of the several districts, and to announce with much satisfaction, that there appears to be no further occasion for the resort of Militia to Toronto.

PROCLAMATION.

By His Excellency Sir Francis Bond Head, Baronet, Lieutenantgovernor of Upper Canada, &c., &c.

To the Queen's Faithful Subjects in Upper Canada.

In a time of profound peace, while every one was quietly following his occupations, feeling secure under the protection of our laws, a band of rebels, instigated by a few malignant and disloyal men, has had the wickedness and audacity to assemble with arms, and to attack and murder the Queen's subjects on the highway-to burn and destroy their property-to rob the public mails to threaten to plunder the banks-and to fire the city of Toronto.

Brave and loyal people of Upper Canada, we have been long suffering from the acts and endeavours of concealed traitors, but this is the first time that rebellion has dared to show itself openly in the land, in the absence of invasion by any foreign enemy.

Let every man do his duty now, and it will be the last time that we or our children shall see our lives or properties endangered, or the authority of our gracious Queen insulted by such treacherous and ungrateful men. Militia-men of Upper Canada, no country has ever shown a finer example of loyalty and spirit than you have given upon this sudden call of duty. Young and old of all ranks are flocking to the standard of their country. What has taken place will enable our Queen to know her friends from her enemies-a public enemy is never so dangerous as a concealed traitor: and now my friends let us complete well what is begun-let us not return to our rest till treason and traitors are revealed to the light of day, and rendered harmless throughout the land.

Be vigilant, patient, and active—leave punishment to the laws-our first object is, to arrest and secure all those who have been guilty of rebellion, murder, and robbery; and to aid us in this, a reward is hereby offered of One Thousand Pounds, to any one who will appre