County superintendent, minimum $1000, maximum $2000. Surveyor, minimum $50, maximum $800. Coroner, minimum $50, maximum $300. Fees. All the county officers are required by law to charge fees for nearly all their services, but these fees must all be turned into the county treasury. Counties and County Seats. Following is a list of the counties of Idaho, with their county seats. it in connection with a good map of the state: Study County Seat. Gooding Grangeville Rigby Coeur d'Alene Moscow Salmon City Nez Perce Shoshone Malad Silver City Payette American Falls Wallace Driggs Twin Falls How New Counties Are Formed. New counties may be formed by vote of the state Legislature at any regular session. The question of the creation of a new county or of the location of its county seat may be submitted to a vote of the people of the counties or parts of counties interested. SUGGESTIVE QUESTIONS 1. Name the county commissioners. Which one is from your commissioner's district? 2. Name the other county officers. 3. Do you know any of them personally? 4. Who is the county physician? 5. Where is the county poor farm located? Who has the control of it? 6. Why are children who violate the law dealt with in a different manner from those who are older? 7. If you had a claim against the county, what would you do to get your money? 8. Who are the justices of the peace in your precinct? 9. If some one should steal your horse, and you knew who it was, how could you proceed to have him arrested? 10. What are the boundaries of your county? 11. Who is the road overseer of your district? How is he appointed? What are his powers? 12. Do you live in a good road district or a highway district? If so, who are the commissioners? E CHAPTER VI THE JUDICIAL DISTRICT The Judicial District. The State of Idaho is at present (1918) divided into ten judicial districts as follows: First District: Shoshone county. Second District: Clearwater and Latah counties. Third District: Ada, Boise, Owyhee and Valley counties. Fourth District: Blaine, Camas, Cassia, Elmore, Gooding, Lincoln, Minidoka, and Twin Falls counties. Fifth District: Bannock, Bear Lake, Franklin, Oneida and Power counties. Sixth District: Bingham, Butte, Custer, and Lemhi counties. Seventh District, Adams, Canyon, Gem, Payette and Washington Counties. Eighth District, Benewah, Bonner, Boundary and Kootenai Counties. Ninth District, Bonneville, Fremont, Jefferson, Madison and Teton Counties. Tenth District, Idaho, Lewis and Nez Perce Counties. District Judge. One district judge is elected every four years (on even years, not leap years), in each judicial district, except the Third, Fourth, Fifth, Seventh and Eighth, which, on account of the volume of their business, have each been granted two judges by the Legislature. Where there are two judges in one district, they are said to have concurrent jurisdiction, and hold court at such times as designated by the senior judge in point of service, or if both judges were elected at the same time, then by the senior judge in age. The law requires that court shall be held in each county at least twice each year. In addition to the regular court business, the district judge may be applied to for various writs and orders. Such work is spoken of as his powers in chambers. Another very important duty of the district judge is that he is required by law to report in writing on or before the first day of July in each year, such defects or omissions in the law of the state as his experience shall suggest. These defects are reported by him to the Supreme Court, and by the Supreme Court to the Governor, and by the Governor to the Legislature so they may be remedied. No one may Qualifications and Disqualifications. serve as district judge unless he be learned in the law, a citizen of the United States, thirty years of age, a resident of the state at least two years, and at the time of his election an elector in the district in which he is chosen. When a district judge is related to, or has been acting as the attorney for, one of the parties to a suit, he is disqualified to try that case. He must call in a judge from a neighboring district to try the case, or the parties to the suit may agree upon some lawyer, who may be sworn in to act as judge pro tempore. Jurisdiction of the District Court. The district court is said to have concurrent jurisdiction in all cases begun in the lower courts, because such cases may, if it be so desired, be begun in the district court. The district court has appellate jurisdiction in all of these cases, because an appeal may be taken from any one of the lower courts to the district court. Since all cases both of law and equity may be begun in the district court, it is said that the original jurisdiction of this court extends to all cases. The exclusive jurisdiction, however, of the district court extends only to those cases which are not within the jurisdiction of the lower courts, such as felonies, and civil cases where the amount in question is over $500. Any case decided by the district court may be appealed to the state Supreme Court. In Idaho there are but Kinds of Actions at Law. three kinds of actions at law. actions, in which the state is the plaintiff and the party charged with crime is the defendant. 2. Civil actions, including what are known as cases in equity in many states, in which the party bringing suit is the plaintiff, and the party sued is the defendant. 3. Probate business. The last named is attended to almost exclusively by the probate court. The manner of procedure in all actions at law is practically the same in all the states. There are some points, however, in which the laws of Idaho are not the same as in many states. How Brought to Trial. In Idaho there are two ways in which one accused of crime may be brought to trial. He may be indicted by a grand jury, or he may be held to trial upon information by the public prosecutor, after having had a preliminary trial before some magistrate. In cases of breach of the peace, misdemeanor, or any other case cognizable by the |