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ARTICLE V.

EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT.

81. Executive power vested in governor. Election of governor and term of office. Eligibility and qualifications.

§ 2.

§ 3.

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Returns of election-Counting votes.

Governor to be commander-in-chief of militia.
Executive business of.

5.

6.

To see that laws are executed.

To fill vacancies in office.

When to convene special sessions.

§ 7.

8 8.

§ 9.

§ 10.

Messages to legislature.

§ 11.

When to adjourn legislature.

§ 12.

§ 13.

Disability to hold other offices.
Keeper of seal of state.

§ 14.

To sign and seal grants and commissions. § 15. Lieutenant-governor-Election of, etc.

§ 16. When powers of governor devolve on.

§ 17. State officers-Election and terms of office. Secretary of state-Duties of.

§ 18.

§ 19.

Compensation of state officers.

§ 20.

United States senators, how elected.

ARTICLE VI.

JUDICIAL DEPARTMENT.

§ 1.

Judicial powers.

§ 2.

Supreme court, how constituted.

§ 3.

Election of supreme justices.

§ 4. Jurisdiction of supreme court and courts of appeal.

§ 4. Harmless errors to be disregarded.

§ 5. Superior court, jurisdiction.

§ 6. Superior court, how constituted.

§ 7.

Superior judges, apportionment of business.

§ 8.

§ 9.

Judge may hold court in other county-Judge pro tempore.
Leave of absence-Limitation of time.

§ 10.

Justices and judges, how removed.

§ 11.

Justices of the peace, provision for.

§ 12.

Courts of record.

§ 13.

§ 14.

Jurisdiction of inferior courts to be fixed by legislature.
Clerks of courts and court commissioners.

§ 15.

§ 16.

Judicial officers not to receive fees and perquisites.
Supreme court opinions to be published.

§ 17. Compensation of justices and judges.

§ 18. Justices and judges ineligible to other offices.

§ 19.

Charges to juries. § 20. Style of process.

§ 21.

Clerk and reporter.

§ 22. Judges not to practice law.
§ 23. Eligibility of justices and judges.
§ 24. Condition precedent to draft of salary.
§ 25. Supreme court commission.

ARTICLE VII.

PARDONING POWER.

ARTICLE VIII.

MILITIA.

§ 1. Organization and calling forth of. § 2. Device, banner, or flag to be used.

ARTICLE IX.

EDUCATION. § 1. Promotion of intellectual improvement. § 2. Superintendent of public instruction. § 3. County superintendents of schools. § 4. School funds, source and origin, and how appropriated. § 5. System of common schools to be provided. § 6. School system, what to include. § 7. State and local boards of education-Text-books. § 8. Sectarianism prohibited. § 9. University fund, creation, management, and application of. § 10. Leland Stanford Junior University. § 11. The California School of Mechanical Arts. § 12. The California Academy of Sciences. § 13. Cogswell Polytechnical College.

ARTICLE X. STATE INSTITUTIONS AND PUBLIC BUILDINGS. § 1. State prison directors, appointment and term of office. § 2. Authority and duties of. § 3. Power of appointment of employees. § 4. Allowance for expenses. § 5. Powers and duties to be regulated by law. § 6. Convict labor to be regulated.

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ARTICLE XI.

CITIES, COUNTIES, AND TOWNS.

Counties as subdivisions of the state.
Removal of county seats.

New counties, establishment of.

County governments to be uniform, under general laws.
Boards of supervisors, election and appointment of.
Municipal corporations to be formed under general laws.
City and county governments may be consolidated.

§ 6.

§ 7.

§ 7. Freeholders' charters for counties.

§ 8. City or city and county charters, how framed and ratified.

§ 81. City or city and county charters, to contain what.

§ 8a. Panama-Pacific International Exposition.

§ 9.

Compensation of officers.

§ 10.

State taxes, no release or discharge from.

§ 11.

§ 12.

Local police, sanitary, and other regulations may be enforced.
Assessment and collection of taxes.

13. Powers not to be delegated to special commission, etc.

§ 13. Payment of bonds.

14. Inspection officers, appointment of.

§ 15. Private property not liable for corporate debt of municipality. § 16. Moneys, etc., to be deposited with treasurer.

§ 16. Deposit of public moneys.

§ 17.

§ 18.

§ 19.

Making profit out of public funds a felony.
Restriction on power to incur indebtedness.
Municipal ownership of public utilities.

ARTICLE XII.

CORPORATIONS.

§ 1.

§ 2.

Corporations to be formed under general laws.
Dues to be secured by individual liability, etc.

§ 3.

Stockholders to be individually liable.

§ 4.

Corporations construed.

§ 5.

Banking prohibited.

§ 6.

Existing charters, when invalid.

§ 7.

Charters not to be extended, nor forfeiture remitted.

§ 8.

§ 9.

All franchises subject to the right of eminent domain.
Restrictions on powers of corporations.

§ 10.

Liabilities of franchise under lease or grant.

§ 11.

Corporation stock, restriction on issue of.

§ 12.

Election of directors-Cumulative or distributive votes.

§ 13.

§ 14.

§ 15.

§ 16.

State not to loan its credit nor subscribe to stock of corpora-
tions.

Corporations to have office for transaction of business in stocks.
Foreign corporations, conditions.

Corporations, where to be sued.

§ 17. Transportation companies, rights and liabilities of.

§ 18. Officers of corporations, restriction as to interests.

§ 19.

Free passes on railroads prohibited to state officials.
§ 20. Fares and freights to be regulated by government.
§ 21. Discrimination in charges by carriers forbidden.
§ 22. Railroad commission, organization of.

§ 23. Railroad commission, regulation of public utilities.
§ 23a. Railroad commission power in eminent domain.
§ 24. Legislature to pass laws to enforce this article.

ARTICLE XIII.

REVENUE AND TAXATION.

§ 1. Taxation to be in proportion to value.

§ 1a. Colleges exempt from taxation.

§ 1. United States army, navy, marine and revenue service. § 1. Churches exempt from taxation.

§ 1. Bonds of state and municipalities exempt from taxation.

§ 2. Land and improvements to be separately assessed.

§ 3.

§ 4.

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Sectionized and unsectionized land, how assessed.
Securities, taxable. (Repealed.)

4a. Vessels exempt from taxation.

§ 5.

Contract of borrower to pay tax on loan void.
Power of taxation cannot be surrendered.
Payment of taxes by installments.

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Property, where assessed.

Annual statement of property to be given.
State board of equalization.

§ 10. Personal property to extent of $100 exempt. Income taxes.

§ 11.

§ 12. Poll tax.

§ 124.

Young trees and vines exempt from taxation.

§ 13. Laws to be passed by legislature.

§ 14. Taxation for state purposes.

ARTICLE XIV.

WATER AND WATER RIGHTS.

ARTICLE XV.

HARBOR FRONTAGES, ETC.

ARTICLE XVI.

STATE INDEBTEDNESS.

ARTICLE XVII. LAND AND HOMESTEAD EXEMPTION. $ 1. Homesteads. § 2. Land monopoly. § 3. Lands granted only to actual settlers.

ARTICLE XVIII. AMENDING AND REVISING THE CONSTITUTION. $ 1. Proposal of amendments—Submission to vote. 8 2. Revision-Convention for.

ARTICLE XIX.

CHINESE § 1. Protection from alien paupers, etc. $ 2. Corporations prohibited from hiring Chinese. $ 3. Public works, Chinese not to be employed on. $ 4. Coolieism prohibited—Removal of Chinese.

ARTICLE XX.

MISCELLANEOUS SUBJECTS. § 1. Seat of government.

2. Dueling, disabilities arising from. § 3. Oath of office. § 4. Election and appointment of officers and commissioners. $ 5. Fiscal year. § 6. Suits against state. § 7. Marriage contracts, validity of. $ 8. Separate property of husband and wife. § 9. Perpetuities not allowed.

10. Disqualification for office by giving or taking hribe. $ 11. Exclusion from office, jury, and right of suffrage of certain

persons-Protection of right of suffrage. $ 12. Residence, when absence not to affect. $ 13. Plurality vote to elect. $ 14. State board of health. § 15. Mechanic's lien. $ 16. Term of office, duration of. $ 17. Eight hours a legal day's labor. $ 171. Minimum wage. § 18. Sex not a disqualification for business. $ 19. Payment of expenses of convention. $ 20. Election of officers—Term, when commences. $ 21. Laws to remain in force.

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