FROM PALLANZA-FONDO-TOCE TO SESTO CALENDE VIA ARONA, 201, M., in 1-1/2 hr. (fares 3 fr. 85, 2 fr. 70, 1 fr. 75 c.).

From Luino to Lugano, see pp. 220, 219; from Laveno to Varese (Porto Ceresio, Como, Milan), see R. 35.

Steamboats (comp. p. xix; some of the boats are saloon-steamers, with restaurants on board, L. 3, D. 41/2 fr.), 4-5 times daily in summer from Locarno to Arona and 5-6 times daily from Luino to Stresa. From Locarno to Arona 51/2-61/2 hrs. ; from Luino to Isola Bella 21/2-31/2 hrs. (from Laveno 1-114, from Pallanza 1/2 hr.); from Isola Bella to Arona 114-11/2 hr. The steamers are often late. Fares from Locarno to Arona 6 fr. 5 or 3 fr. 45 c., from Luino to Isola Bella 3 fr. 25 or 1 fr. 90 c., from Isola Bella to Arona 1 fr. 90 or 1 fr. 20 c.; ticket valid for three days all over the lake (biglietto di libera percorrenza) 9 fr. 50, 5 fr. 50 c.; fifteen-day ticket (valid for a year, for week-days only) 15 fr. 60, 10 fr. 60 c.; Sun. ticket (biglietto festivo; July to Oct.; not valid for all steamers) 1 fr. 50 c., 1 fr. Tickets purchased on board the steamers cost 10 c. more in each case. Ordinary return-tickets are valid for 2 days, Sun. return-tickets for 3 days. Returntickets, valid for 8 days, are issued at the chief stations on the lake to Milan (steamer to Laveno, thence N. Railway viâ Varese); fáres 13 fr., 9 fr. 40, 5 fr. 60 c. (Sunday return-tickets 8 fr., 6 fr., 3 fr. 80 c.).— STEAMBOAT STATIONS are indicated in the following description by heavier type. The following stations are not always touched at: Magadino, Ascona, Ranzo, Maccagno, Cannero, Oggebbio, Ghiffa, Porto Valtravaglia, Suna, and Isola Superiore. The Italian customs examination takes place between Brissago and Cannobio, the Swiss between Brissago and Magadino, both on board the steamers.

FROM BELLINZONA TO LOCARNO (fares, see p. 226). The train diverges to the right from the Lugano line (p. 9) at (21/2 M.) Giubiasco and traverses the broad valley of the Ticino, which enters the Lago Maggiore. 51/2 M. Cadenazzo, the junction of the line skirting the E. bank of the lake to Luino, Novara, and Genoa (R. 36). The Locarno branch crosses the Ticino beyond Cugnasco (on the right), and the Verzasca, which dashes forth from a gorge on the right, a little short of (11 M.) Gordola-Val Verzasca. It then skirts the Lago Maggiore to (13/2 M.) Locarno.

Locarno (R). Railway Stations. 1. St. Gotthard Station (restaurant), at Muralto, 4 min. from the pier and from the Piazza Grande. 2. Stazione Vallemaggia ('Locarno Sant' Antonio'), at the W. end of Locarno, 8-10 min. from the Piazza Grande, a secondary station of the electric railway to Bignasco (p. 230).

Hotels. At Locarno and Muralto: *GR.-HÔT. LOCARNO (Pl. a), above the station, 240 beds at 41/2-8, B. 11/2, L. 4, D. 6, P. 10-15, omn. 11/2 fr., many English visitors, *Hôr. DU PARC (Pl. b), on the road to Minusio, 130 beds from 3, B. 11/2, L. 31/2, D. 5, P. 8-12 fr., *HôT. REBER, Viale Verbano, 1/2 M. to the E. of the pier, 140 beds at 3-6, B. 11/2, D. 41/2, S. 312, P. 8-13, omn. 3/4 fr., German, these three with lifts, central heating, and gardens. *HÔT. MÉTROPOLE (Pl. d), Piazza Grande, with lift and central heating, 75 beds at 21/2-4, B. 11/2, L. 3, D. 4, P. 7-12, omn. 1/2 fr.; *HOT. BEAU-RIVAGE, on the Viale Verbano, with central heating and garden, 45 beds at 21/2-4, B. 11/4, D. 31/2, S. 21/2, P. 6-10, omn. 3/4 fr.; *Hôr. BELVEDERE (Pl. c), in the Val Ramogna, below the Madonna del Sasso (p. 229), with central heating and garden, 45 beds at 11/2-21/2, D. 3, P. 6-8, omn. 1/2 fr.; *HÔT. DU LAC (Pl. e), Piazza Grande, near the pier, with caférestaurant, 45 beds at 21/2-4, B. 11/4, D. 31/2, S. 21/2, P. 612-8 fr., HôT. SUISSE ET ITALIE (Pl. f), Piazza Grande, with central heating (1/2 fr.) and restaurant, 25 beds at 2-3, D. 32, P. 7-9 fr., Italian, good, HÔT.-PENS. TERMINUS-SIEBENMANN, Via alla Ramogna, with wine-room, 22 beds at

2-3, B. 11/4, P. 6-81/2 fr., HOT. MILANO (Pl. g), Via Antonio Ciseri, near the pier, R. 11/2-21/2, B. 11/4, P. 6-8 fr., Hôr. Bahnhof, R. 111⁄2-2, D. 2212 fr.; these five suitable for passing tourists. At Locarno - Monti (p. 229): *Hôт. -PENS. SIEBENMANN, finely situated with terrace and restaurant, R. 2-4, D. 31/2-4, P. 7-12 fr.; HÔT. GÜTSCH AL SASSO, with restaurant; KURHAUS ORSELINA, R. 2-3, P. 61⁄2-7 fr.

Pensions (usually in open situations with gardens; some closed in summer). In Locarno: Pension Villa Erica, P. 51/2-10 fr., Germania, 61/28 fr., Villa Eden, 5-7 fr., these three on the road to the Piazzale della Trinità; Villa des Lilas, in the Quartiere Nuovo, for invalids, from 7 fr. In Muralto: Villa Elisabeth, 6-9 fr.; Villa Libertà, 61/2-8 fr.; Splendide, from 6 fr.; Mimosa, 6-8 fr.; Primavera, 6-71/2 fr.; Villa Muralto, 5-8 fr.; Quisisana, 51/2-71/2 fr.; Villa Camelia, 6-7 fr.; Villa Frida (vegetarian), 51/2-8 fr.; Palmiera (Mrs. Carter), 6-7 fr.; Villa Myosotis, 5-6 fr.; Villa Rossa, 51/2-7 fr.; Helvetia, 5-7 fr. In Minusio: Graf, 5-6 fr. In Locarno-Monti: Planta; Miraflori, with open-air café, 41/2-61/2 fr.; Kurhaus Monti, from 6 fr.; Villa Ceres, with open-air pavilions, 5-7 fr., Villa Lotos, 6-8 fr.; these five vegetarian pensions, near the Piazzale della Trinita.

Restaurants. Ristorante del Giardino (with beds), near the pier, Ristorante San Gottardo, Via alla Ramogna, two good Italian houses; Restaur. Gütsch al Sasso (see above), Café-Restaurant Funicolare (D. 212 fr.); these two in Locarno-Monti.

Cafés. Caffè Locarno (also confectioner), Caffè Svizzero, both in the Piazza Grande. CONFECTIONER. Scheuer, Piazza Grande. BEER SALOON. Hột. du Lạc (p. 227).

Post & Telegraph Office, Piazza Grande.

Banks. Banca Svizzera Americana, Banca Credito Ticinese, both in the Piazza Grande. Photographs (also photographic materials). Fratelli Büchi, Via alla Ramogna.

Physicians. Dr. Balli; Dr. Morel; Dr. Strauss; Dr. Vivanti. Baths. Stabilimento Rimoldi, near the gas-works, with trout-breeding. -Enquiry Office (9-12 & 2-6), Via alla Ramogna, close to the Hôt. du Lac. Kursaal-Casino, Piazza Grande, with variety performances and

gaming-rooms.

Tramway from the Stazione Vallemaggio (p. 230) viâ the Piazza Grande, St. Gotthard Station (15 c.), and Via Orselina (Muralto) to Minusio (25 c.), every 16-21 minutes.

Cable Railway to the Madonna del Sasso (p. 229), starting every 1/4 hr. from the lower station (675 ft.) in the Via alla Ramogna, and stopping at the Grand-Hôtel and the 'Santuario'; the terminus lies 5 min. above the church. Fares, up 90 or 60, down 40 or 30 c., return 1 fr. or 70.c. (Sun. & holidays 90 & 60 c.).

Motor Boats two or three times daily in the season (at other times on Mon., Thurs., & Sat.) to Magadino and Gerra (return-fare 60-80 c.; special rates for excursion-parties). Rowing Boats, 1/2 hr., 1 fr.; 1 hr., 112 fr.; each additional hr., 1 fr.

Motor Omnibus to Brissago thrice daily in 50 min. (1 fr.).

Locarno (680 ft.), a quiet place with 3600 inhab., is situated on the N. shore of the lake, at the mouth of the Maggia, the deposits of which have formed a large delta. Owing to its beautiful environs it has of late become a favourite spring and autumn resort, while its mild climate (mean winter temperature 37° Fahr.) attracts winter-residents also. In the middle ages Locarno belonged to the bishops of Como and afterwards to Milan, but it was ceded to Switzerland by Massimiliano Sforza (p. 151) in 1513. The expulsion of the Protestants in 1553 arrested the development of the town. The character of the architecture and population is Italian.

The focus of life and traffic is the long Piazza Grande (large market every second Thurs.), with arcades on the N. side. To the S. are the modern buildings of the Quartiere Nuovo. From the S.W. end of the Piazza Grande we reach the old Castello of the Visconti (p. 151), besieged in vain by 10,000 Swiss in 1502 and partly demolished in 1518. Close by are the remains of the old harbour and the primary school, with a small Museum (adm. 50 c.).

From the harbour, on the E. side of the Piazza Grande, the Quai di Locarno (views) leads S. to the Bosco dell'Isolino and the Saleggi, in the Maggia delta. The Viale Verbano, the favourite lake-promenade, runs E. from the pier to (25 min.) the village of Rivapiana, with the old Castello di Ferro and the church of San Quirico.

Beyond the Ramogna, above the railway, lies Muralto, with 1500 inhab., pretty gardens, and the old parish-church of San Vittore (rebuilt in the 12th cent.), with an ancient crypt. On the tower is a large relief of St. Victor on horseback. Adjoining Muralto is the village of Minusio (tramway, see p. 228).

In the Val Ramogna, on a wooded eminence above the town, is the pilgrimage-church of Madonna del Sasso (1165 ft.), reached either by the cable-railway (p. 228) or by a footpath ('Route de Calvaire'; 1⁄2 hr.). The church, founded in 1480 and rebuilt in 1569, contains an Entombment, by Ciseri (to the left), and a Flight into Egypt, by Bramantino (to the right). Fine view of the lake, especially from the porticus on the S. side of the church.

On the sheltered slopes (good views) near the terminus of the Cable Railway (1250 ft.; restaurants, see p. 228) lie the villas, hotels, and pensions of Locarno-Monti (p. 228). The best returnroute crosses the Piazzale della Trinità (restaurant), 10 min. to the W. of the terminus, and passes the chapel of the Santissima Trinità dei Monti (1325 ft.). Hence we keep to the left (view of N. arm of lake) and follow the windings of the highroad down to the (11⁄2 hr.) Piazza Sant' Antonio, to the W. of the Piazza Grande. A second road leads to the right to (20 min.) Muralto and (turning finally to the left) to (1/2 hr.) Minusio (see above).

LONGER EXCURSIONS. From the terminus of the wire-rope railway to the N.W., viâ (20 min.) Orselina (1495 ft.) to (1 hr.) San Bernardo (3230 ft.; Pens. Alpenheim, 6-7 fr.); then viâ the (20 min.) chapel of San Bernardo (3595 ft.; view of the lake) and the Alp Cardada (5500 ft.) to the (2 hrs.) Poncione di Trosa (6150 ft.), a grand point of view. From San Bernardo we return viâ Brè (3625 ft.; inn) to the Piazzale della Trinità (see above). -- From Orselina to the E., along the highroad (diligence from the Madonna del Sasso twice daily), to (2 M.) Brione (1420 ft.; fine view) and (31/2 M.) Contra (1640 ft.), about 2 M. above the rail. station of Gordola-Val-Verzasca (p. 227); then to the N., high above the Val Verzasca, to (7 M.) Mergoscia (2410 ft.). -To the W. to (1/4 hr.) Solduno, then across the Maggia and straight on to (20 min.) Losone, with large wine-cellars (good wine), or to the left to (1/2 hr.) Ascona (p. 230) and by the bank of the lake (luxuriant vegetation) to (13/4 hr.) Brissago (p. 231).

The route from Losone 'over the hill' and past Ronco (1165 ft.) is still more picturesque. In the church of Ronco is à St. Martin by Ciseri.

FROM LOCARNO TO BIGNASCO, 18 M., electric railway in 11/2 hr. (fares 3 fr. 65, 2 fr. 55 c.; return-fares 5 fr. 85, 4 fr. 5 c.; no first class; special trips for tourists on Mon., Wed., & Sat. afternoons, in 1 hr.). Views to the left, except at Ponte Brolla. The trains start at the St. Gotthard Station and stop first at (3/4 M.) Locarno Sant' Antonio (Vallemaggia station, p. 227). At (114 M.) Solduno (p. 229) begins the Valle Maggia, the valley (25 M. long) of the clear and gravelly Maggia. The inhabitants of the quaint villages are wont to emigrate to transatlantic lands but always with the view of returning. To the left opens the Pedemonte, the lowest step of the valley of the Melezza (Valle Centovalli) and of the Val Onsernone (see Baedeker's Switzerland). Just short of (3 M.) Ponte Brolla (855 ft.) we have a View from the bridge (r.) of the rapids of the Maggia, in a narrow ravine. 81/2 M. Maggia (1080 ft.), the pleasant little chief place of the valley. To the right is the Cascata della Pozzaccia. In the foreground rises the fine pyramid of the Madone di Camedo (8035 ft.). Beyond (1212 M.) Someo, to the left, is the Soladino Fall. We cross the Maggia. To the left is the mouth of the Valle di Campo (see Baedeker's Switzerland). 16 M. Cevio (1370 ft.), with the Pretorio, the old official residence of the Bailiffs. 18 M. Bignasco (1445 ft.; Hôt. du Glacier, R. 2-3, D. 31/2, S. 21/2, P. 6-9 fr., closed from Nov. to Feb.; Alb. della Posta) lies amid magnificent mountain-scenery at the mouth of the Val Bavona, which runs up to the iceclad Monte Basódino (10,745 ft.; see Baedeker's Switzerland). Crossing first the Bavona and then the Maggia, we reach the picturesque old part of the village, with wooden hay-barns standing on stone supports resembling mushrooms. Beyond is a fine waterfall.

The *Lago Maggiore (635 ft.; greatest depth 1220 ft.), the Lacus Verbanus of the Romans, is about 40 M. long and averages 2-3 M. in width (area 82 sq. M.). It seems to owe its existence to some great lateral movement of the S. Alps, for on its E. bank, near Luino and Laveno, the S. Alpine limestone zone abruptly terminates. The N. part of the lake belongs to Switzerland; the W. bank beyond the brook Valmara and the E. bank beyond the Dirinella belong to Italy. Its principal tributaries are on the N. the Ticino (Tessin) and the Maggia, and on the W. the Toce (Tosa; pp. 4, 235). The river issuing from the S. end of the lake retains the name of Ticino. The banks of the N. arm are bounded by lofty mountains, for the most part wooded, whilst those of the S. arm become flat near Arona. The water is of a green colour in its N. arm and deep blue towards the S.

Opposite Locarno, at the mouth of the Ticino, lies Magadino (R; Hôt.-Pens. Ruffoni, with café-restaurant on the lake; Pens. Viviani, 41/2-5 fr.), at the foot of Monte Tamaro (p. 16).

To the S. of Locarno we have a view into the valley of the Maggia (see above). Farther on the W. bank of the lake is studded with villages and country - houses. On the bank of the lake runs the road from Locarno to Pallanza. In an angle lies Ascona (B; Hôt.-Pens. Semiramis, P. 5-9 fr.), with a ruined castle, a sanatorium ('Monte Verita'), and several villas; higher up, on the slope, Ronco (see above). Passing the two small Isole di Brissago, the