Country; collected out of fundry dif courfes lately published, wrote by Dr. Whitaker and Mr. Hopkins." And foon after there was a fmall pamphlet publifhed, which was doubtlefs written by the fame Mr. Hart, which was written in a farcastical way, without argument or reafon, in which the doctrines I, and others who agreed with me, had publith ed were mifreprefented; attempting to fet them in a ridiculous light. And with a particular defign, as it appeared, to difgrace me before the publick, he called them Hopkintonian do&rines. This is the original of this epithet. And fince that time all who embrace the calvinistick doctrines which were published by Prefident Edwards, Doctor Bellamy, Doctor Weft of Stockbridge, and myself, have been called Hopkintonians or Hopkin fans. Thus I am become the head of a denomination, who have fince greatly increased, and in which thousands are included, and a large number of minifters, who, I believe are the most found, confiftent, and thorough calvinifts; and who in general sustain as good a charac ter, as to their morality, preaching and perfonal religion, as any fet of clergymen whatever and are most popular where there appears to be most attention to religion: And, at the fame time, are most hated, oppofed and fpoken againft, by arminians, deists, and perfons who appear to have no religion. And I believe, though this denomination or name originated from no fuch defign, that it has proved an advantage to truth and true religion, as it has given opportunity and been the occafion of collecting those who embrace the fcheme of chriftianity exhibited in the forementioned publications and ranking them under one standard. It has excited the attention and promoted enquiry into the principles and doctrines which are embraced and held by thofe of this denomination, by which light and conviction have been spread and propagated.

:

Thefe writings of Mr. Hart's were published, while I was at Newport, preaching on probation. Pains were taken to fend and fpread them there, by those who were not friendly to my fentiments, and confequently not friendly to me, and to my settling in the first congregational church in Newport; with a view, no doubt, to prejudice the people of that church and congregation against me. And it had this effect, in fome measure for a time; but was foon coun

teracted and loft the influence designed; and probably had a contrary effect in the iffuc.

This occafioned my writing remarks on those publications; especially the dialogue, with the following title. "Animadverfions on Mr. Hart's late dialogue, in a letter to a friend." This was pub lifhed in the spring of 1770, containing only thirty one pages. In which I did not attempt particularly to vindicate the doctrines I had published; but rather to fhow the unfairness and difingenuity of Mr. Hart, and his falfehoods, and felfcontradictions, in what he had written.

Mr. Mills did not make any reply to my answer to him. But as I had afferted in that anfwer, that unregenerate finners do not do any duty, Mr. Hemmenway, (now Dr.) having before published eight fermons to establish the contrary, wrote a book of one hundred twenty feven pages, octavo, against me and my pofition, and published it in the year 1772. The year before, the above mentioned Mr. Hart wrote a pamphlet against Prefident Edwards' Diflertation on the nature of true virtue, in which he repeatedly' mentioned my name and writings with difapprobation. And about the fame time, Mr. Mofes Mather (now Doctor) published a piece in which he condemned fentiments found in Prefident Edwards', Doctor Bellamy's and my writings.

As I was fenfible the difference between me and these authors originated in our different ideas of the nature of true holiness, in 1773 I published a book of two hundred twenty pages, octavo, containing, "An enquiry into the nature of true bolinefs; with an appendix," in which I answered the publications above mentioned. That on the nature of true holiness had a fecond edition of one thousand five hundred copies, in the year 1791. Mr. Hart and Doctor Mather wrote no more. But Doctor Hemmenway published remarks on my anfwer to him, in 1774, containing one hundred fixty fix pages, octavo. But as little or nothing was in this added to what was contained in his first book, and it contained perfonal reflections, and too much heat and haughtiness; all which he confessed to me afterwards in a perfonal interview, I did not think it worth while to take any publick notice of it. And I believe it was not much read, and had but little influence on the minds. of any. P. 100.

ident; for the degree of Doctor of Physick, on the 12th day of November, 1805. By Thomas Cock, citizen of the state of NewYork. New-York, printed by

T. & J. Swords. 1805.

In an inaugural dissertation we look not for novelty, but we have a right to expect accuracy; and our opinion of the candidate for collegiate honours is drawn from the principles and sentiments he has adopted. The author of the dissertation before us has evidently given some time to the investiga. tion of the subject which he discusses, and the work contains useful information. We regret, that it is not marked by that accuracy which we are authorized to expect, and which in scientifick works is peculiarly necessary.

The only opinions which are new to us, or to the medical world in general, are those quoted from Mr. Davy. We regret, that we have not had the good fortune to see, and cannot procure the works of Mr. Davy. The opinion, that azote as well as oxygen is absorbed by the pulmonick blood, we surely cannot controvert, and so far as speculation will authorize us we are disposed to subscribe to it. The other opinion, adopted from Davy, cannot be so easily admitted. This is, that air, or the mix, ture of oxygenous and azotick gasses, not oxygen and azote which form the base of air, is received into the blood.* Dr. Cock has quoted no experiments which confirm this opinion, and it is not so plausible, as to command assent unsupported by facts.

Is this precisely Mr. Davy's opinion? we understand it so from Dr. Cock's dissertation; but a reference to Thompson and Bostock has

led us to suspect, that Mr. D. believes only, that

sxygen and azote are absorbed.

ART 16.

The history of North and South America, from its discovery to the death of General Washington. By Richard Snowden. 2 vols. 12mo. Philadelphia. Jacob Johnson. 1805.

THE author of the above men. tioned work observes in his preface that, "In what relates to South America, Dr. Robertson's History has been implicitly followed.

His arrangement of the subject, his chronological order, and his very style have been adopted, as the best that can be chosen. To condense his details, to introduce only the most prominent and characteristick events,has been the principal effort, and invariable purpose of the epitomizer: endeavouring, as he progressed, to preserve unbroken the connexion and continuity of events; and in the whole, to present the reader with a brief, but interesting view, of one of the most important æras in the annals of the world."

The author appears to have been considerably successful in the execution of his proposed plan. The History commences with the discovery of America by Columbus, and relates the formidable difficul ties he was obliged to encounter; the talents and perseverance which he exhibited in combating those difficulties; and the ungrateful and ungenerous returns which the Spanish nation made to his eminent services. It relates the succeeding discoveries of the new world; the conquest of the Mexican and Peruvian empires; and concludes with their entire subjection to the kingdom of Spain.

The second volume begins with relating the conjectures which have been made respecting the peopling of America; it gives the character

of the Indian natives; the state of the British colonies at the termination of the French war; of their altercation with the parent country; it proceeds to give a general sketch of the American war, and the acceptance of the federal constitution; it inserts the farewell address of General Washington, in 1796; and concludes with a description of his person.

Though this work is a compilation almost entirely in the words of other authors, it contains much useful information for those readers, who have not time to peruse, and cannot easily procure larger

accounts.

NOTICES

Of First Lines of the Practice of Physick. By William Cullen, M. D. &c. With practical and explanatory notes, by John Rotheram, M. D. New York Printed by L. Nicholls, for I. Riley & Co.

WE are rejoiced to see Cullen in a decent American dress. Perhaps his general correctness, his incontrovertible practice, and his unparalleled popularity, entitle him to more elegant habiliments than those in which he here appears before us.

It is unnecessary to recommend Cullen's practice of physick to the perusal of physicians. We venture to advise the medical tyro to fix all the practical part of the work firmly in his memory. He will find more advantage from being thoroughly possessed of it, than from running through a hundred of your Darwins and Beddoes's, and others like them. The theory of spasm and collapse, on

which Cullen prided himself as the greatest effort of his genius, is fallen with many more theories, and will be followed by others innumerable, till physicians return to Hippocrates, and learn to observe nature, before they reason on her operations. The loss of this theory does not affect the practice of Cullen, which remains a model of excellence.

The edition before us is executed with a good type, on tolerable paper, and is about as free from typographical errours, as American editions of medical works generally are. This work was formerly printed in four volumes, then compressed to two, and now the printer has contrived to compel the whole into a single volume. Hence the type appears very crowded, and the notes are in a character so small, as barely to be legible. It is copied from Rotheram's edition. That by Reid is later, and the notes are more appropriate, though fewer in number. Bosquillon, the French translator of Cullen, has given very copious and valuable notes on this work. These would be a considerable acquisition to English medical literature. They would enhance the value of Dr. Cullen's book, and at the same time possess the advantage of affording a comparative view of French and English medicine.

We have been informed, that it is contemplated to publish this work at Worcester. It is desirable, that it should appear in a style suited to the merits of the work, and to the extensive circulation insured it. The alteration of names of medical simples and compounds, to those of the last Edinburgh pharmacopeia or dispensatory, would increase the value of the book, and save students,

macopeias.

Fleetwood; or, The New Man of Feeling. By William Godwin. In two volumes. New York: Printed for I. Riley & Co. No. 1, City-Hotel. 1805.

THOUGH the first talents are necessary to the production of a good novel, writings of this species are continually attempted. Why that which is arduous should be ventured on in common, or this track of literature be travelled by crowds, it is difficult perhaps satisfactorily to settle. Were authors restricted by the penury of their calling to a fewness of themes, some cause would appear for their abounding in fable: but topicks in letters being numerous and free, it is hard to account for their fancy for one. Every description of literati, and of no description too, counsellors and clergy, statesmen and ladies, book-sellers and beaux, some without brains and some with, as if smit by enchantment, couch the quill for romance. Bleeding nuns and bloodless corses, vacant castles and peopled caverns, blue flames and white, red flames and green, damsels and knights, duennas and squires, friars and devils, with death's-heads and cross-bones to boot, dance the hay through their works, as though description were crazed.]

The times have been,

panions, Mr. Godwin is conspicuous. From the refined reveries of Political Justice he turned his attention to the manufacture of stories. How well he succeeded in this fashionable employment Caleb Williams and St. Leon honourably show. The first is a treasure amongst rubbish of its order, and the second, notwithstanding the declaration of Horace, Quodcunque ostendis mihi sic, incredulus odi, continues to be a favourite among the majority of readers. But uniform excellence is attainable by none; and, in the performancebefore us, Mr. Godwin has failed.

Whether the plan of this novel is unfavourable to the genius of its writer, or his former productions have exhausted his vein, or what has contributed to his present miscarriage, it is not expressly our business to say. But, were we called to account for the failures we have detected, we should conceive that Mr. G. had mistaken his province; that the gallantries of Paris, and the exploits of collegians, were unsuitable materials for the author of Falkland, and the tremendous Bethlem Gabor. There are dispositions that seem destined for the heroick alone, that attain to objects elevated with dignity and ease, but discover no gracefulness in stooping to levitics. On the mountains of Switzerland, in the community of robbers, with every thing chivalrous, Mr. Godwin appears consummately at home: But, in descending to petty characters and passions, in the management of a tete-a-tete, or the manœuvre of a love-matter, he aptly reminds one of Hercules at the distaff. It might be observed of him, as of some former genius, that he could sculpture heroes in