of Wright and Douglas is used or Simon's, with slight adjustment to the particular case. When counting in determining the Wright index, one observes the number of bacteria in each of several leucocytes, carrying the separate numbers "in his head" until he has as many as he can carry, say five to ten; then he jots them down, thus: 1, 2, 0, 5, 0, 0, 1, 0, 4, 2, etc., and after a sufficient number has been counted, the figures are added up and the calculations made. I take it that the most trying part on the eye is the frequent accommodation and reaccommodation of the eye to the microscopic field and tab figures, etc., as well as to the very different amounts and often qualities of light. I believe this is largely obviated by a method which has been used in my laboratory for several months. A box containing 50 or 100 beans or beads (I use 50 beans) and a similar empty box (the boxes in which microscope slides come answer well) are placed on the table, at convenient places, on the right of the microscope. A handful of beans is taken up in the right hand, with which the mechanical stage is manipulated, and one bean is dropped into the empty box for each polymorphonuclear leucocyte observed, the left hand manipulating the fine adjustment, as usual. One counts the bacteria as observed; for example, with the above he would say: 1, 3, 8, 9, 13, 15, etc., until the box is empty. The number counted would be the number in 50 cells. There is no putting down and adding up of figures and the eye has not been removed from the field during the time. If more than 50 cells are to be counted, put down the number, or carry it on, as you preferred, exchange the position of the boxes and proceed as before. When counting the phagocyting cells only for the Simon index, one may proceed as before, dropping a counter for each "poly' seen and counting as one goes, only those cells phagocyting, as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, etc. If 100 counters are used, the number counted phagocyting would be the percentage of phagocyting leucocytes. If one does not use a mechanical stage he can modify the above to suit his convenience. Crude as the method seems, only a trial is necessary to convince one of the advantages in time and eye saving. Nurses should be instructed not to massage the limbs of patients who complain of pain after operation or confinement. without the order of the attending surgeon. If phlebitis and thrombosis are present, the manipulation may loosen a clot and cause instant death.-American Journal of Surgery. A Displaced Sigmoid in a Case of Appendicitis. W. A. KICKLAND, M.D., Fort Collins, Colo., in J.A.M.A. The following case is an interesting one because of the position of the sigmoid and the failure of the usual rule for finding the appendix, that of following the longitudinal muscular band of the presenting large intestine to its pelvic end: Patient.-J. A., aged 35, a lather by trade, was referred to me by a physician in a neighboring town with a diagnosis of appendicitis. The history was the usual one of an acute attack in mild form lasting four days with no improvement. Examination showed tenderness over McBurney's point with muscular rigidity; temperature was normal and pulse 85. Operation. In operating, the gridiron incision was used and the large intestine immediately presented itself in the wound. It was drawn out from the pelvic end, following the longitudinal band of muscular fibers, and search was made for the appendix. The lower end of the intestine seemed so deep in the pelvis that suspicions were aroused and the introduction of a rectal tube showed this portion of the intestine to be the sigmoid instead of the cecum. Tracing it upward, it was found that instead of going up to the liver region, as might be expected in a case of inverted viscera, the colon went across to the splenic region. The sigmoid was dropped and the opening enlarged so that the abdominal cavity could be inspected more freely, and the cecum with the inflamed appendix was seen lying up under the liver. The appendix was removed and the recovery was uneventful. Three or four drops of peroxid of hydrogen in the ear followed five minutes later by thorough syringing with boracic acid solution, will readily remove any impacted cerumen. When there is a perforating wound of the cornea, necessitating enucleation of the eye, the wound should be closed so that the eyeball does not collapse during the operation. Small stab wounds (one-half cm. long) in the course of a developing cellulitis of an arm or leg, followed by the application of a Martin bandage above for five to eight hours a day (Bier treatment), will relieve the patient more quickly than large incisions with drainage.-American Journal of Surgery. Proceedings of Societies. INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ON TUBERCULOSIS. The Central Committee of the International Congress on Tuberculosis has announced the offer of the following prizes: 1. A prize of $1,000 is offered for the best evidence of effective work in the prevention or relief of tuberculosis by any voluntary Association since the last International Congress in 1905. In addition to the prize of $1,000, two gold medals and three silver medals will be awarded. The prize and medals will be accompanied by diplomas or certificates of award. Evidence is to include all forms of printed matter, educational leaflets, etc.; report showing increase of membership, organization, classes reached-such as labor unions, schools, churches, etc.; lectures given; influence in stimulating local Boards of Health, schools, dispensaries, hospitals for the care of tuberculosis; newspaper clippings of meetings held; methods of raising money; method of keeping accounts. Each competitor must present a brief or report in printed form. No formal announcement of intention to compete is required. 2. A prize of $1,000 is offered for the best exhibit of an existing sanatorium for the treatment of curable cases of tuberculosis among the working classes. In addition to the prize of $1,000, two gold medals and three silver medals will be awarded. The prize and medals will be accompanied by diplomas or certificates of award. The exhibit must show in detail construction, equipment, management, and results obtained. Each competitor must present a brief or report in printed form. 3. A prize of $1,000 is offered for the best exhibit of a furnished house, for a family or group of families of the working class, designed in the interest of the crusade against tuberculosis. In addition to the prize of $1,000, two gold medals and three silver medals will be awarded. The prize and medals will be accompanied by diplomas or certificates of award. This prize is designed to stimulate efforts towards securing a maximum of sunlight, ventilation, proper heating, and general sanitary arrangement for an inexpensive home. A model of house and furnishing is required. Each competitor must present a brief with drawings, specifications, estimates, etc., with an explanation of points of special excellence. Entry may be made under competitor's own name. 4. A prize of $1,000 is offered for the best exhibit of a dispensary or kindred institution for the treatment of the tuberculous poor. In addition to the prize of $1,000, two gold medals. and three silver medals will be awarded. The prize and medals will be accompanied by diplomas or certificates of award. The exhibit must show in detail construction, equipment, management, and results obtained. Each competitor must present a brief or report in printed form. 5. A prize of $1,000 is offered for the best exhibit of a hospital for the treatment of advanced pulmonary tuberculosis. In addition to the prize of $1,000, two gold medals and three silver medals will be awarded. The prize and medals will be accompanied by diplomas or certificates of award. The exhibit must show in detail construction, equipment, management and results obtained. Each competitor must present a brief or report in printed form. 6. The Hodgkins Fund Prize of $1,500 is offered by the Smithsonian Institution for the best treatise that may be submitted on "The Relation of Atmospheric Air to Tuberculosis." The detailed definition of this prize may be obtained from the Secretary-General of the International Congress or Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, Chas. D. Walcott. 7. Prizes for Educational Leaflets: A prize of $100 is offerd for the best educational leaflet submitted in each of the seven classes defined below. In addition to the prize of $100, a gold medal and two silver medals will be awarded in each class. Each prize and medal will be accompanied by a diploma or certificate of award. Competitors must be entered under assumed names. (a) For adults generally (not to exceed 1,000 words). (b) For teachers (not to exceed 2,000 words). (c) For mothers (not to exceed 1,000 words). (d) For indoor workers (not to exceed 1,000 words). (e) For dairy farmers (not to exceed 1,000 words). (f) For school children in grammar school grades (not to exceed 500 words). In classes a, b, c, d, e, and f, brevity of statement without sacrifice of clearness will be of weight in awarding. All leaflets entered must be printed in the form they are designed to take. (g) Pictorial booklet for school children in primary grades and for the nursery. Class g is designed to produce an artistic picture-book for children, extolling the value of fresh air, sunlight, cleanliness, etc., and showing contrasting conditions. "Slovenly Peter" has been suggested as a possible type. Entry may be made in the form of original designs, without printing. 8. A gold medal and two silver medals are offered for the best exhibits sent in by any States of the United States, illustrating effective organization for the restriction of tuberculosis. Each medal will be accompanied by a diploma or certificate of award. 9. A gold medal and two silver medals are offered for the best exhibits sent in by any State or Country (the United States excluded), illustrating effective organization for the restriction of tuberculosis. Each medal will be accompanied by a diploma or certificate of award. 10. A gold medal and two silver medals are offered for each of the following exhibits; each medal will be accompanied by a diploma or certificate of award; wherever possible each competitor is required to file a brief or printed report: (a) For the best contribution to the pathological exhibit. (b) For the best exhibit of laws and ordinances in force June 1st, 1908, for the prevention of tuberculosis by any State of the United States. Brief required. (c) For the best exhibit of laws and ordinances in force June 1st, 1908, for the prevention of tuberculosis by any State or Country (the United States excluded). Brief required. (d) For the best exhibit of laws and ordinances in force June 1st, 1908, for the prevention of tuberculosis by any municipality in the world. Brief required. (e) For the society engaged in the crusade against tuberculosis having the largest membership in relation to population. Brief required. (f) For the plans which have been proven best for raising money for the crusade against tuberculosis. Brief required. (g) For the best exhibit of a passenger railway car in the interest of the crusade against tuberculosis. Brief required. (h) For the best plans for employment for arrested cases of tuberculosis. Brief required. 11. Prizes of two gold medals and three silver medals will be awarded for the best exhibit of a workshop or factory in the in |