Law, fituated in the Great and Little Jury-De Johanne Baffe Capellano pro Quieto reditu exeunt de Tenemento vocat. Kingston, &c. fitutat. inter quendam Vicum vulgariter vocat. Civil School Lane, ex Parte Boreali et Tenem. Magiftri, et Sociorum Coll. Baliol. 35. 4d. A Rental a belonging formerly to St. Frid, made 1517, mentions the like Situation thereof in the Alienation before of Baliol College to J. Higden, Dean of Cardinal Wolfey's College. At our Entrance into the Jury, we had prefented to us the Civil Law Schools, fituate about the Middle of the North Side of Chrift Church Great Quadrangle.From thence paffing by feveral Halls, we come to

ST. EDWARD's CHURCH,

DEDICATED to K. Edw. the Martyr, who died A. D. 979. It was fituated almoft in the Middle of the City, in the South Eaft Ward, between the High Street, in All Saints Parish, on the North, and the Gardens of Christ Church, together with Tresham Lane, on the South.-It had in its Church-Yard a famous School, wherein the Canon Law was read and profeffed, the Veftigia of which being in Tresham Lane are yet remaining; and the Tenement whereon it ftands is known to this Day, in Difmiffions from Christ Church College, by the Name of Canon School.

This, among other Churches of Oxon, was, by the Favour of King H. I. ', confirmed to the Canons of St. Frid 1122; and after, in 1292, was, by Oliver, Bishop of Lincoln, annexed and united to it, together with the Profits belonging to it, which, because of its Poverty, as not worth above 10s. in Money, except thofe Oblations from Scholars abiding in the Halls of this Parifh. Afterwards, notwithstanding the fame Union, I find the Maintenance of a Vicar to be ordained in the fame Church, A. 1320 d. Farther, the Archbishop of Canterbury, in his Vifitation of thefe Parts, taking Cognizance of the fmall Stipends of the Vicars, allotted and fettled a peculiar Relief, viz. the fame Diet every Day as the Canons of St. Frid had, and a competent Diet for his Servant or Clerk; that he should have alfo St. Michael's Hall, in the fame Parish, with all its Chantry, for his Dwelling-Houfe, conditionally, that he should pay 10s. yearly to the Sacrift of St. Frid; that the Procurator thereof fhould repair it, &c. Why the faid Vicar should be allowed so small a Penfion of 15. per Annum, iffuing from Codeflow, I cannot tell, unless it were, that certain Lands in the Chapel of Binfey, which belonged to this Church, were forced to maintain a Vicar; for fo an Inquifition fays-Item dicunt, quod Ecclefiam S. Edwardi.-They fay, that the Church of St. Edward is not, according to their Intelligence, taxed; to which Church also the Prior of St. Frid in Oxon has a Chapel of Binfey, with Appurtenances,

a Ibid. 8. 354.

b Reg. St. Frid, p. 2.

c Ib. p. 304.

d Ibid. 325.

e Id. p. 203.

and

and a certain Portion of Land in Codeflow. Thus the Inquifition, by the Oaths of Twelve Men, 15 Ed. III. and, though it was not taxed, yet, with Binfey being decimated in the Reign of Ed. II. paid with the Church of St. John Baptift 41. 125.

To conclude: This Church having fmall Parochial Limits in Oxon, was, either for Want of Repair, or Ufe, ruinated, about 300 Years fince, quite demolished, and its Parifh tranflated to the Parishes of All Saints and St. Aldates. In the Regifter of Linc. Dioc. in 1291, at the general Taxation. Decan. Oxon. 1291.

S. et}

Ecclefia S. Edwardi, Vicaria S. Frid, S. Clementis,

were taxed nothing, as not worth Service 2.

Vix valent Servitium,

Among the Places that ftood near or about it, were, Firft, Canon School, then the ancient Habitation of Preaching Friars fent to convert the Jews; but of these fee in the S. Suburbs. Between which Places and very near to the faid School (the Ground of which belongs to the Univerfity) has been a Sanctuary or Place to receive Malefactors, the Veftigia or Footsteps of which did not long ago remain in a Townfman's Ground abutting down from the High Street in Allhallows Parish to Trebam Lane. Then was there near the faid Schools of the Canon Law St. Edward's Hall, faid to ftand near Canon School; by others in St. Edward's Church-Yard . Tenementum Godwyni Monetarii Aula Edwardi 33s. 4d. In an ancient Rental belonging to Ofney, denoting it to be in ancient Time, not long after the Norman Conqueft, a Tenement belonging to a Vintner, and who at the Foundation of that Abbey gave it thereto. It was poffeffed for the most Part by Legifts of the Welch Nation, and had Principals over them, as our Regifters teftify, feveral of whom occur to the Year 1528. At length this Place was, among other Tenements hereabouts, conveyed by K. H. VIII. 38th Year of his Reign, by the Name of Edward Hall, to his new erected College of Christ Church, who afterwards, upon the Abfence of these Sort of Students hereunto, demifed it to Lay Perfons, and inclosed most of its Ground belonging to it within their Wall, as in Trefham Lane was before said.

To pafs by St. Edward's Schools, of which elsewhere, we proceed to another Hall called Ape Hall, near the Church-Yard of St. Edward alfo. Aula Ape in Parochia S. Edwardi per Magiftr. Mody de Hibernia, &c. So a Rental, 7 Ed. II. ffometime belonging to Ofney, delivers. The faid Mr. Mody being Principal, it affumed its Name from the Poffeffors fometime thereof, of whom T. the Son of Thorald l'Ape, was one in the Beginning of H. III. and who gave it to Ofney Abbey, in the faid King's Reign, by the Name of Terra Angularis, in Parochia S. Edwardi, juxta Cemiterium ejufd. Then was there Eagle Hall, Aula Aquilina et Aquila, fometime called Hawk Hall and Iron Hall, De Aula Aquile in Parochia S. Edwardi, 40s. As to a Rental for the a Reg. Linc.

b Twyne, 8. 227.'

c Ibid. 97.

d Sic Tab. Rous. 382.

e Part. 4ta. Orig. 38 H. VIII. Rot. 40. id. 9.

f In Chart. Ed. Chrifti.

g Reg. Ofney Bib. Cotton. f. 112.

I find

Year 1389, in one of our Regifters ftiles it, Aula Aquila, alias Gren Hall; band in another Place Hyren Hall, fo called probably because of the Sign of the Hawk or Eagle over its Door.

The next Hall that appears was Jury Hall, in the Little Jury, belonging fometime to the Fridifwydians, ftiled in a Coroner's Inqueft, 13 Ed. I. by the Name of Aula in Parvo Judaifmo; but whether the fame with Jury School, or Civil Law School, I am in Doubt.

Crine Hall, Item duobus Laborariis operantib. apud Crine Hall, &c. as a Fragment of an ancient Roll of the Expences of Ofney, about the Reparation of their Tenements in St. Edward's Parish, testifies.

с

In the fury alfo was School Hall, of which thus in a Rental , or rather Tax of Scholars Hall, Reg. Ed. II. Item le School Hall, in Cemiterio S. Edwardi in Univ. 40s. but not knowing whether this might be the fame as Canon School, I fhall, as doubtful, pafs on to White Hall, fituated, according to the Will of Martin de Salford, Chaplain, A. 1348, in the Little Jury, between a Tenement of the Abbot of Ofney on the E. and another of St. Frid. on the W. The Difmiffion thereof, with the fame Situation, by J. Wodecokbale, R. Wike, Anno 33 Edw. III. Then was there in the Corner of the ChurchYard of St. Edward the Houfe or Hall of Dermannus, a Clerk of Oxon, Temp. H. I. or before, whofe Son Stephen, a Priest, conveyed it to Mr. W. de Norforch, and he to 7. Kepehare, and he to J. Paganus de Santo Germano; from whom, through other Hands, it came to St. Frid. f, and the said Dermannus House was afterwards the Aula Damiani; for fuch an Hall we have in our Registers ".

Returning from the Great and Little Jury the fame Way, we come into Fish Street again, and paffing by fometime Burnell's Inn, we approached to a Lane on the S. Side thereof, where Christ Church Great Gate now is, called St. Fridifwide's Lane, leading fometime to the facred Ruins of that venerable Piece of Antiquity St. Frid. Priory. Therein were several Tenements belonging to that Priory, inhabited, for the most Part, by the Retainers and Servants thereof.

From hence going downward, we come into the Limits fometime of St.
Michael's Parish, to the Place where Southgate formerly ftood. The Signs and
Tokens thereof, though not apparent by ruinous Buildings, yet it
'difcerned by a Fall or Defcent, that parts Fish Street from Grand Pont.

may

be

ST. MICHAEL'S CHURCH at S. GATE,

ADJOINING this Gate was in former Times St. Mich. Church at S. Gate, diftinguifhed in ancient Membranes from the other at N. Gate, by the Name of St. Michael at S. Gate, or, as it is elfewhere, Supra Portam Auftralem.

. a Tn Arch. Civit. id. 133.

b Reg. Aaa, f. 41. 1.

c In Arch. Civit. 133.

Lib. Teft. Burg. Oxon. f. 53. 6. id. 148.

e In Chart. Æd. Chrifti in Cart. Ofney.

f Lib. Mag. St. Frid p. 326.

g Vid. Append. Aul. f. 95.

It stood near it on the E. Side thereof, and for the most Part within the Wall, and in an equal Distance to the S. as the other to the N. Gate, according to this ancient Diftich:

Invigilat Porta Auftrali Boreaque Michael,

Exortum Solem Petrus regit atq; Cadentem.

The North and South Gates St. Michael doth guard,

The East and West St. Peter's Care doth ward.

a

It was one of thefe Churches that belonged anciently to the Canons of St. Fridifwydes, to whom after their Restoration, this, with others, was given and confirmed by the Charter of H. I. 1122. Afterwards Sir Hugh, Bishop of Lincoln, inftituted therein a Vicarb, who, together with his Succeffors, was to pay, according to the Ordination itself, to the Priory of St. Frid, an annual Penfion of Two Marks. In that Manner it continued till the Dif folution of that Religious House by the Procurement of Cardinal Wolfey; and at the Foundation of his College their Church, which stood in the Place where the South Weft Corner of the Quadrangle was afterwards built, was, with feveral Houses adjoining, quite demolished, and its Parish united to St. Aldates, the Rector thereof paying yearly to the Archdeacon of Oxford the Procuration-Money that formerly iffued from it, which amounted to 6s. 2 d. per Annum.

с

Tho. de Legh, Clerk, and Town-Clerk of Oxon, with Joan his Wife, formerly the Widow of Simon Wyth, a Burgess of this Place, having procured the King's Licence for Mortmain, Anno 1340, founded a Chantry in Our Lady's Chapel adjoining to this Church; and for this Purpofe fettled thereon feveral Meffuages in Oxon, worth Five Marks per Annum, for the Maintenance of One Chaplain to pray every Day at the Altar of the Virgin Mary therein; the Patronage thereof after his Death, which was 1342, he wills to come to the Mayor of Oxford for the Time being, who, if after the Vacation of the Chaplain's Place, did not prefent within Six Weeks following, then it was to fall to the Abbot of Ofney; if he likewife, in that Time, then to the Warden of Merton College; if he alfo, then to the Archdeacon's Official of Oxon; and lastly, if he should neglect, then to the Bishop of Lincoln.

The Meffuages ordained for that Purpose, and made over to W. Tothall, the First Chaplain of the faid Chantry, prefented to it with his Leafes by the Bishop of Lincoln, were feveral; of which one was in All Saints Parish, and in High Street oppofite to the Church, which yielded yearly clear beyond all Reprifes 26s. Another in Schydierd Street, in St. Mary's Parish, joining to Oriel Meffuage, which yielded clear 23s. per Annum. A Third was in Grope Lane near Oriole Gate, worth 17 s. per Annum; befides which, he gave several Revenues that were to iffue out of Plumer Hall near this Church towards its Reparation, and new Covering the faid Chapel, wherein his Chantry was founded.

a Reg. Mag. St. Frid. p. 2. b Reg. Parv. S. Frid. p. 301.

c Ex Lib. Rubr. MSS. in Cart. Civit. Oxon. f. 42.

R 2

Thefe

Thefe Revenues, with many other, continuing for fome Time for the Sustenance of the faid Chantry, were in a few Years fallen to Ruin, conveyed to the Provoft and Fellows of Oriel College, notwithstanding the many Anathemas the Donor openly pronounced at his Death to those that should alienate them.

Joan Hauel, in her laft Teftament 1501 a, left an Houfe, fituate in St. Peter's Church in the Bayly, to this Church, conditionally, that her Exequies fhould be celebrated yearly, which, as it feems, continued to the Demolition of this Church, when this, with other Obits of a smaller Value, were partly tranflated to St. Aldates, or altogether relinquished.

This Church was, at the general Tax in 1291, worth Four Marks, and 8 d..
Ecclefia S. Michaelis Auftr. deduct. Penf. iv. Mar. et viii d.
Penf. Prior. Frid. in Ecclefia S. Michaelis Auftr. indecim. ii. m. Þ.

PRIORY of ST. FRIDIS WITH.

FROM hence therefore taking our Courfe from the S. Side of it (towards the Infide of this Ward) we had the ancient and well-endowed Priory St. Fridifwith before us. It ftood in Part of Christ Church Quadrangle, towards the S. Scite thereof, and on the Place where the Hall, Kitchen, Chaplain's Quadrangle of the fame College now ftand, befides divers Out-buildings, where the Canons Stables now are, next Christ Church Window. Concerning the Original and Hiftory of which Place I fhall offer what follows.

Didan, Earl of Oxford, Anno 720, (fee p. 10.) first founded here a Monastery, Anno 727, at the Requeft of his beloved Daughter Fridefwide, partly on account of her Modefty preferved from Algar, and partly from the Bent of her auftere Life; of this he constituted her Abbefs, to be accompanied with Twelve noble Ladies. She died 14 Cal. Nov. 735, and was buried in the Church here. The Monaftery dedicated to her was after called by her Name. The Earl grieved for the Lofs of his Wife, and to gratify his Daughter had built them a Church, dedicated to St. Mary and All Saints, and by his Munificence, Lodgings, Cloifters, &c. fuitable to the Occafion, were erected.

The Nuns continued in this Form a Sanctuary, which proved its Deftruction; for on St. Brice's Day, Nov. 13, 1002, it fuffered Conflagration, (see p. 12.) But the King thought proper to purge his Wickedness, by erecting it again, reftoring its Lands and Poffeffions, and adding fresh Liberties and Domains, by a Chart, dated Anno 1004.

The Nuns hereby became re-poffeffed of it; but not long before the Church and Monaftery were put into the Hands of fecular Canons, a certain King before the Norman Conqueft is faid to have expelled thefe Canons, and to have given their Houfe to the Monks of Abendon for a few Years, and then to have reftored the Canons. This Inftitution happened 1049 ".

a Ex Mag. Lib. MSS. Burg. Oxon. f. 149. Reg. Ep. Linc.

c Dugd. Mon. 174. Id. Stevens.
d Chron, Roff.