The Making of American Industrial Research: Science and Business at GE and Bell, 1876-1926Cambridge University Press, 22 авг. 2002 г. - Всего страниц: 328 This book tells the story of how and why industrial research was established in America by two large and innovative corporations: General Electric, formed in a merger of Edison General Electric and Thomson-Houston in 1892, and the dominant force in the American electrical industry ever since; and American Telephone and Telegraph, the commercial outgrowth of Alexander Graham Bell's invention of the telephone. Important lessons can be drawn from the early efforts of these two corporations. Through industrial research - and particularly through the development of patented products and processes - large companies could begin to exert a new degree of market control by strongly influencing the rate and direction of technological change. The development of industrial research also had a profound impact on science and technology in America. It affected the content and methods of both by providing new opportunities, incentives, and constraints to the growing community of students and engineers. |
Содержание
Introduction the importance of industrial research | 1 |
Building the foundations of industrial research American science technology and industry in the 19th century | 12 |
The establishment and early growth of General Electric | 42 |
Origins and early history of the General Electric Research Laboratory | 62 |
General Electric the research process | 97 |
The establishment and early growth of Bell Telephone | 129 |
ATT the establishment of industrial research | 151 |
ATT the research process | 185 |
Research patents and the struggle to control radio | 218 |
Conclusion the impact of industrial research | 239 |
Notes | 258 |
| 303 | |
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The Making of American Industrial Research: Science and Business at GE and ... Leonard S. Reich Недоступно для просмотра - 1985 |
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19th century advances Albert Hull American industry apparatus AT&T audion Bell System Bell Telephone Bell's Bijl Birr broadcasting BTLA circuit Colpitts commercial company's competition competitors Coolidge corporate Corporation's Chemist directors ductile ductile tungsten early Edison Electric Engineering electric lighting Electric Research Laboratory electron Engineering Department established filament Frank Jewett GE's George Wise gineering Hammond File Heising important improve incandescent lamps industrial research laboratories innovation inventions inventors Irving Langmuir J. J. Carty Lloyd Espenschied manufacturing mathematical ment methods operations organization Patent Department patent rights physicist physics position problems production profits projects quoted R. V. L. Hartley research and development Research Branch Rice Schenectady science and technology scientific scientists and engineers staff Steinmetz technical telegraph transmission triode tungsten U.S. Patent unpub vacuum tubes Vail Western Electric Western Union Westinghouse Whitney's William Coolidge Willis Whitney wire wireless York