Dig for us; and present us, in the shape Of virgin ore, that gold which we, by pains Fruitless as those of aery alchemists, Seek from the torturing crucible. There lies Around us a domain where you have long Watched both the outward course and inner heart:
Give us, for our abstractions, solid facts; For our disputes, plain pictures. Say what man He is who cultivates yon hanging field; What qualities of mind she bears who comes, For morn and evening service, with her pail, To that green pasture; place before our sight The family who dwell within yon house Fenced round with glittering laurel; or in that Below, from which the curling smoke ascends. Or rather, as we stand on holy earth, And have the dead around us, take from them Your instances; for they are both best known, And by frail man most equitably judged. Epitomise the life; pronounce, you can, Authentic epitaphs on some of these Who, from their lowly mansions hither brought, Beneath this turf lie mouldering at our feet: So, by your records, may our doubts be solved; And so, not searching higher, we may learn To prize the breath we share with human kind; And look upon the dust of man with awe."
The Priest replied-"An office you impose For which peculiar requisites are mine; Yet much, I feel, is wanting-else the task Would be most grateful. True indeed it is That they whom death has hidden from our sight
Are worthiest of the mind's regard; with these The future cannot contradict the past: Mortality's last exercise and proof
Is undergone; the transit made that shows The very Soul, revealed as she departs. Yet, on your first suggestion, will I give, Ere we descend into these silent vaults, One picture from the living.
You behold, High on the breast of yon dark mountain, dark With stony barrenness, a shining speck Bright as a sunbeam sleeping till a shower Brush it away, or cloud pass over it; And such it might be deemed-a sleeping sun- beam;
But 'tis a plot of cultivated ground, Cut off, an island in the dusky waste; And that attractive brightness is its own. The lofty site, by nature framed to tempt Amid a wilderness of rocks and stones The tiller's hand, a hermit might have chosen, For opportunity presented thence
Far forth to send his wandering eye o'er land And ocean, and look down upon the works, The habitations, and the ways of men, Himself unseen! But no tradition tells That ever hermit dipped his maple dish In the sweet spring that lurks 'mid yon green fields;
And no such visionary views belong
To those who occupy and till the ground, High on that mountain where they long have dwelt
A wedded pair in childless solitude. A house of stones collected on the spot, By rude hands built, with rocky knolls in frout,
Backed also by a ledge of rock, whose crest Of birch-trees waves over the chimney top: A rough abode-in colour, shape, and size, Such as in unsafe times of border-war Might have been wished for and contrived, to elude
The eye of roving plunderer-for their need Suffices; and unshaken bears the assault Of their most dreaded foe, the strong South-west In anger blowing from the distant sea. -Alone within her solitary hut;
There, or within the compass of her fields, At any moment may the Dame be found, True as the stock-dove to her shallow nest
And to the grove that holds it. She beguiles By intermingled work of house and field The summer's day, and winter's; with success Not equal, but sufficient to maintain, Even at the worst, a smooth stream of content, Until the expected hour at which her Mate From the far-distant quarry's vault returns; And by his converse crowns a silent day With evening cheerfulness. In powers of mind, In scale of culture, few among my flock Hold lower rank than this sequestered pair: But true humility descends from heaven; And that best gift of heaven hath fallen on them; Abundant recompense for every want. -Stoop from your height, ye proud, and copy these!
Who, in their noiseless dwelling-place, can hear The voice of wisdom whispering scripture texts For the mind's government, or temper's peace; And recommending for their mutual need, Forgiveness, patience, hope, and charity!"
"Much was I pleased," the grey-haired Wanderer said,
"When to those shining fields our notice first You turned; and yet more pleased have from your lips
Gathered this fair report of them who dwell In that retirement; whither, by such course Of evil hap and good as oft awaits A tired way-faring man, once I was brought While traversing alone yon mountain pass. Dark on my road the autumnal evening fell, And night succeeded with unusual gloom, So hazardous that feet and hands became Guides better than mine eyes-until a light High in the gloom appeared, too high, me- thought,
For human habitation; but I longed To reach it, destitute of other hope.
I looked with steadiness as sailors look
On the north star, or watch-tower's distant lamp,
And saw the light-now fixed-and shifting
Come,' said the Matron, to our poor abode; Those dark rocks hide it!' Entering, I beheld A blazing fire-beside a cleanly hearth Sate down; and to her office, with leave asked, The Dame returned.
Or ere that glowing pile Of mountain turf required the builder's hand Its wasted splendour to repair, the door Opened, and she re-entered with glad looks, Her Helpmate following. Hospitable fare, Frank conversation, made the evening's treat: Need a bewildered traveller wish for more? But more was given; I studied, as we sate By the bright fire, the good Man's form, and face
Not less than beautiful; an open brow Of undisturbed humanity; a cheek Suffused with something of a feminine hue; Eyes beaming courtesy and mild regard; But, in the quicker turns of the discourse, Expression slowly varying, that evinced A tardy apprehension. From a fount Lost, thought I, in the obscurities of time, But honoured once, those features and that
May have descended, though I see them here. In such a man, so gentle and subdued, Withal so graceful in his gentleness, A race illustrious for heroic deeds, Humbled, but not degraded, may expire. This pleasing fancy (cherished and upheld By sundry recollections of such fall From high to low, ascent from low to high, As books record, and even the careless mind Cannot but notice among men and things) Went with me to the place of my repose.
On what, for guidance in the way that leads To heaven, I know, by my Redeemer taught.' The Matron ended-nor could I forbear To exclaim-'O happy! yielding to the law Of these privations, richer in the main !- While thankless thousands are opprest and clogged
By ease and leisure; by the very wealth And pride of opportunity made poor; While tens of thousands falter in their path, And sink, through utter want of cheering light;
For you the hours of labour do not flag ; For you each evening hath its shining star, And every sabbath-day its golden sun.'
"Yes!" said the Solitary with a smile That seemed to break from an expanding heart,
"The untutored bird may found, and so con
And with such soft materials line, her nest Fixed in the centre of a prickly brake, That the thorns wound her not; they only
Powers not unjustly likened to those gifts Of happy instinct which the woodland bird Shares with her species, nature's grace some- times
Upon the individua! doth confer
Among her higher creatures born and trained To use of reason. And, I own that, tired Of the ostentatious world-a swelling stage With empty actions and vain passions stuffed, And from the private struggles of mankind Hoping far less than I could wish to hope, Far less than once I trusted and believed- I love to hear of those who, not contending Nor summoned to contend for virtue's prize,
Roused by the crowing cock at dawn of Miss not the humbler good at which they aim,
I yet had risen too late to interchange
A morning saluation with my Host, Gone forth already to the far-off seat
Of his day's work. Three dark mid-winter
Pass,' said the Matron, and I never see, Save when the sabbath brings its kind release, My Helpmate's face by light of day. He quits His door in darkness, nor till dusk returns. And, through Heaven's blessing, thus we gain the bread
For which we pray; and for the wants provide Of sickness, accident, and helpless age. Companions have I many; many friends, Dependents, comforters-my wheel, my fire, All day the house-clock ticking in mine ear, The cackling hen, the tender chicken brood,
Blest with a kindly faculty to blunt The edge of adverse circumstance, and turn Into their contraries the petty plagues And hindrances with which they stand beset. In early youth, among my native hills, I knew a Scottish Peasant who possessed A few small crofts of stone-encumbered ground;
Masses of every shape and size, that lay Scattered about under the mouldering walls Of a rough precipice; and some, apart, In quarters unobnoxious to such chance, As if the moon had showered them down in spite. But he repined not.
Though the plough was
scared By these obstructions, 'round the shady stones A fertilising moisture,' said the Swain,
Brought yesterday from our sequestered dell Here to lie down in lasting quiet, he, If living now, could otherwise report Of rustic loneliness: that grey-haired Orphan- So call him, for humanity to him No parent was-feelingly could have told, In life, in death, what solitude can breed Of selfishness, and cruelty, and vice; Or, if it breed not, hath not power to cure. -But your compliance, Sir, with our request My words too long have hindered."
Undeterred, Perhaps incited rather, by these shocks, In no ungracious opposition, given To the confiding spirit of his own Experienced faith, the reverend Pastor said, Around him looking; "Where shall I begin? Who shall be first selected from my flock Gathered together in their peaceful fold?" He paused-and having lifted up his eyes To the pure heaven, he cast them down again Upon the earth beneath his feet; and spake :-
"To a mysteriously-united pair This place is consecrate; to Death and Life, And to the best affections that proceed From their conjunction; consecrate to faith In him who bled for man upon the cross; Hallowed to revelation; and no less To reason's mandates; and the hopes divine Of pure imagination;-above all, To charity, and love, that have provided, Within these precincts, a capacious bed And receptacle, open to the good And evil, to the just and the unjust; In which they find an equal resting-place: Even as the multitude of kindred brooks And streams, whose murmur fills this hollow vale,
Whether their course be turbulent or smooth, Their waters clear or sullied, all are lost Within the bosom of yon crystal Lake, And end their journey in the same repose! And blest are they who sleep; and we that know,
While in a spot like this we breathe and walk, That all beneath us by the wings are covered Of motherly humanity, outspread
And gathering all within their tender shade, Though loth and slow to come! A battle-field, In stillness left when slaughter is no more, With this compared, makes a strange spectacle! A dismal prospect yields the wild shore strewn With wrecks, and trod by feet of young and old Wandering about in miserable search
Of friends or kindred, whom the angry sea Restores not to their prayer! Ah! who would think
That all the scattered subjects which compose
Earth's melancholy vision through the space Of all her climes-these wretched, these de- praved,
To virtue lost, insensible of peace, From the delights of charity cut off,
To pity dead, the oppressor and the opprest: Tyrants who utter the destroying word, And slaves who will consent to be destroyed- Were of one species with the sheltered few, Who, with a dutiful and tender hand, Lodged, in a dear appropriated spot, This file of infants; some that never breathed The vital air; others, which, though allowed That privilege, did yet expire too soon, Or with too brief a warning, to admit Administration of the holy rite
That lovingly consigns the babe to the arms Of Jesus, and his everlasting care. These that in trembling hope are laid apart; And the besprinkled nursling, unrequired Till he begins to smile upon the breast That feeds him; and the tottering little-one Taken from air and sunshine when the rose Of infancy first blooms upon his cheek; The thinking, thoughtless, school-boy; the bold youth
Of soul impetuous, and the bashful maid Smitten while all the promises of life Are opening round her; those of middle age, Cast down while confident in strength they stand,
Like pillars fixed more firmly, as might seem, And more secure, by very weight of all That, for support, rests on them; the decayed And burthensome; and lastly, that poor few Whose light of reason is with age extinct; The hopeful and the hopeless, first and last, The earliest summoned and the longest spared- Are here deposited, with tribute paid Various, but unto each some tribute paid; As if, amid these peaceful hills and groves, Society were touched with kind concern, And gentle Nature grieved that one should die;'
Or, if the change demanded no regret, Observed the liberating stroke-and blessed.
And whence that tribute? wherefore these Not from the naked Heart alone of Man regards? (Though claiming high distinction upon earth As the sole spring and fountain-head of tears, His own peculiar utterance for distress Or gladness)-No," the philosophic Priest Continued, "tis not in the vital seat Of feeling to produce them, without aid From the pure soul, the soul sublime and pure : With her two faculties of eye and ear, The one by which a creature, whom his sins Have rendered prone, can upward look to heaven;
The other that empowers him to perceive The voice of Deity, on height and plain, Whispering those truths in stillness, which the WORD,
To the four quarters of the winds, proclaims. Not without such assistance could the use Of these benign observances prevail : Thus are they born, thus fostered, thus main- tained;
And by the care prospective of our wise
Forefathers, who, to guard against the shocks The fluctuation and decay of things, Embodied and established these high truths In solemn institutions :-men convinced That life is love and immortality, The being one, and one the element. There lies the channel, and original bed, From the beginning, hollowed out and scooped For Man's affections-else betrayed and lost, And swallowed up 'mid deserts infinite!
This is the genuine course, the aim, and end Of prescient reason; all conclusions else Are abject, vain, presumptuous, and perverse. The faith partaking of those holy times. Life, I repeat, is energy of love Divine or human; exercised in pain, In strife, and tribulation; and ordained, If so approved and sanctified, to pass, Through shades and silent rest, to endless joy."
THE CHURCH-YARD AMONG THE
Poet's Address to the State and Church of England The Pastor not inferior to the ancient Worthies of the Church-He begins his Narratives with an instance of unrequited Love-Anguish of mind subdued, and how The lonely Miner-An instance of perseverance- Which leads by contrast to an example of abused talents, irresolution, and weakness-Solitary, applying this covertly to his own case, asks for an instance of some Stranger, whose dispositions may have led him to end his days here-Pastor, in answer, gives an account of the harmonising influence of Solitude upon two men of opposite principles, who had encountered agitations in public life-The rule by which Peace may be obtained expressed, and where Solitary hints at an overpowering Fatality-Answer of the Pastor-What subjects he will exclude from his Narratives-Conversation upon this -Instance of an unamiable character, a Female, and why given-Contrasted with this, a meek sufferer, from unguarded and betrayed love-Instance of heavier guilt, and its consequences to the Offender-With this instance of a Marriage Contract broken is contrasted one of a Widower, evidencing his faithful affection towards his deceased wife by his care of their female Children. HAIL to the crown by Freedom shaped-to gird An English Sovereign's brow! and to the throne Whereon he sits! Whose deep foundations lie In veneration and the people's love: Whose steps are equity, whose seat is law. -Hail to the State of England! And conjoin With this a salutation as devout, Made to the spiritual fabric of her Church; Founded in truth; by blood of Martyrdom Cemented; by the hands of Wisdom reared In beauty of holiness, with ordered pomp, Decent and unreproved. The voice, that greets The majesty of both, shall pray for both; That, mutually protected and sustained, They may endure long as the sea surrounds This favoured Land, or sunshine warms her soil. And O, ye swelling hills, and spacious plains! Besprent from shore to shore with steeple
And spires whose 'silent finger points to
Nor wanting, at wide intervals, the bulk Of ancient minster lifted above the cloud Of the dense air, which town or city breeds
To intercept the sun's glad beams—may ne'er That true succession fail of English hearts, Who, with ancestral feeling, can perceive What in those holy structures ye possess Of ornamental interest, and the charm Of pious sentiment diffused afar, And human charity, and social love.
Thus never shall the indignities of time Approach their reverend graces, unopposed; Nor shall the elements be free to hurt Their fair proportions; nor the blinder rage Of bigot zeal madly to overturn; And, if the desolating hand of war Spare them, they shall continue to bestow, Upon the thronged abodes of busy men (Depraved, and ever prone to fill the mind Exclusively with transitory things) An air and mien of dignified pursuit ; Of sweet civility, on rustic wilds.
The Poet, fostering for his native land Such hope, entreats that servants may abound Of those pure altars worthy; ministers Detached from pleasure, to the love of gain Superior, insusceptible of pride, And by ambitious longings undisturbed: Men, whose delight is where their duty leads Or fixes them; whose least distinguished day Shines with some portion of that heavenly lustre Which makes the sabbath lovely in the sight Of blessed angels, pitying human cares. -And, as on earth it is the doom of truth To be perpetually attacked by foes Open or covert, be that priesthood still, For her defence, replenished with a band Of strenuous champions, in scholastic arts Thoroughly disciplined; nor (if in course Of the revolving world's disturbances Cause should recur, which righteous Heaven avert!
To meet such trial) from their spiritual sires Degenerate; who, constrained to wield the sword
Of disputation, shrunk not, though assailed With hostile din, and combating in sight Of angry umpires, partial and unjust; And did, thereafter, bathe their hands in fire, So to declare the conscience satisfied: Nor for their bodies would accept release; But, blessing God and praising him, bequeathed With their last breath, from out the smouldering flame, The faith which they by diligence had earned, Or, through illuminating grace, received, For their dear countrymen, and all mankind. O high example, constancy divine!
Even such a Man (inheriting the zeal And from the sanctity of elder times
Not deviating,-a priest, the like of whom, If multiplied, and in their stations set, Would o'er the bosom of a joyful land Spread true religion and her genuine fruits) Before me stood that day; on holy ground Fraught with the relics of mortality, Exalting tender themes, by just degrees To lofty raised; and to the highest, last; The head and mighty paramount of truths,- Immortal life, in never-fading worlds, For mortal creatures, conquered and secured. That basis laid, those principles of faith Announced, as a preparatory act
Of reverence done to the spirit of the place, The Pastor cast his eyes upon the ground; Not, as before, like one oppressed with awe, But with a mild and social cheerfulness; Then to the Solitary turned, and spake.
"At morn or eve, in your retired domain, Perchance you not unfrequently have marked A Visitor-in quest of herbs and flowers; Too delicate employ, as would appear,
Such was that strong concussion; but the Man,
Who trembled, trunk and limbs, like some huge oak
By a fierce tempest shaken, soon resumed The stedfast quiet natural to a mind
Of composition gentle and sedate, And, in its movements, circumspect and slow. To books, and to the long-forsaken desk, O'er which enchained by science he had loved To bend, he stoutly re-addressed himself, Resolved to quell his pain, and search for truth With keener appetite (if that might be) And closer industry. Of what ensued Within the heart no outward sign appeared Till a betraying sickliness was seen
To tinge his cheek; and through his frame it
With slow mutation unconcealable; Such universal change as autumn makes In the fair body of a leafy grove Discoloured, then divested.
For one, who, though of drooping mien, had yet By poets skilled in nature's secret ways
From nature's kindliness received a frame Robust as ever rural labour bred."
The Solitary answered: "Such a Form Full well I recollect. We often crossed Each other's path; but, as the Intruder seemed Fondly to prize the silence which he kept, And I as willingly did cherish mine, We met, and passed, like shadows. heard,
From my good Host, that being crazed in brain By unrequited love, he scaled the rocks, Dived into caves, and pierced the matted woods, In hope to find some virtuous herb of power To cure his malady!"
The Vicar smiled,- "Alas! before to-morrow's sun goes down His habitation will be here: for him That open grave is destined."
"Died he then Of pain and grief?" the Solitary asked. "Do not believe it; never could that be!" "He loved," the Vicar answered, "deeply loved.
Loved fondly, truly, fervently; and dared At length to tell his love, but sued in vain; Rejected, yea repelled; and, if with scorn Upon the haughty maiden's brow, 'tis but A high-prized plume which female Beauty wears In wantonness of conquest, or puts on To cheat the world, or from herself to hide Humiliation, when no longer free. That he could brook, and glory in ;-but when The tidings came that she whom he had wooed Was wedded to another, and his heart Was forced to rend away its only hope; Then, Pity could have scarcely found on earth An object worthier of regard than he, In the transition of that bitter hour! Lost was she, lost; nor could the Sufferer say That in the act of preference he had been Unjustly dealt with: but the Maid was gone! Had vanished from his prospects and desires; Not by translation to the heavenly choir Who have put off their mortal spoils-ah no! She lives another's wishes to complete, Joy be their lot, and happiness,' he cried, 'His lot and hers, as misery must be mine!'
That Love will not submit to be controlled By mastery: and the good Man lacked not
Who strove to instil this truth into his mind, A mind in all heart-mysteries unversed. 'Go to the hills,' said one, 'remit a while This baneful diligence:- at early morn Court the fresh air, explore the heaths and
And, leaving it to others to foretell,
By calculations sage, the ebb and flow Of tides, and when the moon will be eclipsed, Do you, for your own benefit, construct A calendar of flowers, plucked as they blow Where health abides, and cheerfulness, and peace.'
The attempt was made;-'tis needless to report How hopelessly; but innocence is strong, And an entire simplicity of mind
A thing most sacred in the eye of Heaven; That opens, for such sufferers, relief Within the soul, fountains of grace divine; And doth commend their weakness and disease To Nature's care, assisted in her office By all the elements that round her wait To generate, to preserve, and to restore; And by her beautiful array of forms Shedding sweet influence from above; or pure Delight exhaling from the ground they tread."
"Impute it not to impatience, if," exclaimed The Wanderer, "I infer that he was healed By perseverance in the course prescribed."
"You do not err: the powers, that had been lost
By slow degrees, were gradually regained; The fluttering nerves composed; the beating
In rest established; and the jarring thoughts To harmony restored.-But yon dark mould Will cover him, in the fulness of his strength, Hastily smitten by a fever's force; Yet not with stroke so sudden as refused Time to look back with tenderness on her Whom he had loved in passion; and to send Some farewell words-with one, but one, re. quest;
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