Higher industrial schools: Number, 3; number of students, 189; number of professors, 46. Central veterinary school at Munich: Number of professors, 11; number of students, 52. Higher commercial schools: Number, 2; number of professors, 43; number of students, 553. Schools of architecture: Number, 3; number of professors, 23; number of students, 130. Professional evening and Sunday schools: Number, 260; number of teachers, 827; number of students, 14,501. Schools of agriculture: Number, 4; number of professors, 76; number of students, 315. Special agricultural courses: Number, 947; number of "hearers," 18,260. Central school of forestry at Aschaffenburg: Number of professors, 6; number of students, 135. Military academies and schools: Number, 4; number of instructors, 38; number of students, 246. Schools of art: Number, 2; number of professors, 40; number of students, 475. Miscellaneous schools for special education: Number, 102; number of pupils, 7,079. MUSICAL INSTITUTIONS.-Royal music school at Munich: Number of professors, 23; number of pupils, 146. Royal musical institute at Würzburg: Number of pupils, 184; number of professors, 12; number of musicians and singers, 180. CHARITABLE INSTITUTIONS.—Asylums for destitute children: Number, 78; number of attendants, 268; number of inmates, 2,485. Orphans' and foundlings' homes: Number, 53; number of attendants, 173; number of inmates, 1,962. Deaf-mute asylums: Number, 12; number of teachers, 33; number of pupils, 361; viz, 192 males and 169 females. Institutions for the blind: Number, 3; number of pupils, 129. BELGIUM, Constitutional monarchy: Area, 11,267 square miles; population, 5,0x7,105. Capital, The official statistics, recently published, show that 42 per cent. of the inhabitants can neither read nor write, and that 50 per cent. of the conscripts had received no instruction whatever.-(Allgemeine Deutsche Lehrerzeitung, 1876, No. 23.) DENMARK, Constitutional monarchy: Area, 14,553 square miles; population, 1,784,741. Capital, Copenhagen; population, 180,866. Education is widely diffused in Denmark, the attendance at school being obligatory from the age of seven to fourteen. Besides the University of Copenhagen, there are thirteen public Gymnasia or colleges in the principal towns of the kingdom, which afford a classical education, and under them are a large number of middle schools for the children of the trading and higher working classes. Instruction at the public expense is given in the parochial schools spread all over the country, to the number, in August, 1869, of 2,940, namely, 28 in Copenhagen, 132 in the towns of Denmark, and 2,780 in the rural districts.-(Statesman's Year-Book for 1875.) FRANCE, republic: Area, 201,900 square miles; population, 36,102,921. Capital, Paris; population, 1,851,792. Minister of worship and public instruction, Waddington.. Education in Paris.-Paris has at present 292,024 children between 2 and 14 years; registered in crèches and in public and private schools, 184,646 children; educated at home are 45,500 children; in Gymnasia and special schools are 11,147 children below the age of 14; number of children (not registered) attending school irregularly, 28,000 ; number of children receiving no education in 1876, 22,900; (in 1872 there were 67,500.) Of the 273 schools in Paris, 161 are conducted by secular and 112 by sectarian teachers.— (Schweizerische Lehrerzeitung, 1876, No. 31.) GERMANY, constitutional monarchy, empire: Area, 212,091 square miles; population, 41,060,625. Capital, Berlin; population, 826,341. Germany has no national system of education; each state manages its own educational affairs. Technical schools in Germany and German provinces of Austria.-Schools of architecture, 34; mining schools, 25; schools of forestry, 17; schools of commerce, 108; military schools, 46; agricultural schools, 146; conservatories of music, 24; naval schools, 29; veterinary schools, 10; normal schools for gymnastics, 7; schools of surgery, 9; various technical schools, 86.—(Leipziger Illustrirter Kalender für 1877.) Teachers' salaries in large German cities.-Munich, 1,629 mark, (one mark=25 cents, gold;) Stuttgart, 1,606 mark; Berlin, 1,560 mark; Leipzig, 1,350 mark; Danzig, 1,298 mark; Cologne, 1,230 mark; Breslau, 1,200 mark; Dresden, 1,200 mark; Königsberg, 900 mark. Nearly 12,000 male teachers in German elementary schools receive less than 700 mark. (Allgemeine Pädagogische Rundschau, 1876, page 38.) German universities.-The number of universities is 21, with 1,765 professors and 19,378 students, the largest being Berlin, with 3,298 students. Secondary instruction in Prussia in 1874-75.-Number of Gymnasia, 228; number of pupils, 74,606; number of teachers, assistants, and special teachers, 3,495. Number of Progymnasia, 33; number of pupils, 3,900. Number of Realschule, (first class,) 79; number of pupils, 31,249; number of teachers and assistants, 1,105. Number of Realschule, (second class,) 67; number of pupils, 5,902; number of teachers, 176. Total number of secondary schools, exclusive of burgher and higher burgher schools, 407; total number of pupils, 111,657.-(Allgemeine Schulzeitung, 1876, No. 14.) Population of German States, December 1, 1875. GREAT BRITAIN, constitutional monarchy: Area, 89,644 square miles; population, 33,098,400.— of 1875.) a. England and Wales. Estimated school population, (2 to 15,) 7,183,538; number of schools inspected, 12,157; number of seats in schools, 2,861,319; number of pupils enrolled, 2,497,602 ; number of pupils present at examinations, 2,034,007; average attendance, 1,678,759 ; number of pupils qualified by attendance to earn grants, 1,457,075; number of pupils individually examined, 857,844; number of infants qualified by attendance to earn grants, 408,461; number of pupils individually examined in higher branches, 84,620; number of pupils who passed in one subject, 35,212; number of pupils who passed in two subjects, 26,474; number of certified teachers, 18,714; number of assistant teachers, 2,489; number of pupil teachers, 27,031. b. Scotland. Number of children between 5 and 13 years of age, 629,254; number of schools under school boards, 2,303; number of pupils on the rolls, 290,874; number of average attendance, 212,206; number of teachers and assistants, 3,118; number of pupil teachers, 2,475; number of sewing mistresses, 1,122. GREECE, Constitutional monarchy: Area, 19,941 square miles; population, 1,457,894. Capital, Athens ; population, 44,510. The following is an abstract of an article in the Archivo di Pedagogia, of Palermo: Primary education in 1874.-Number of public free schools, 1,127; number of pupils, 74,561—viz, 63,156 boys and 11,405 girls; number of private schools for boys, 41; number of pupils, 3,558; number of private schools for girls, 26; number of pupils, 1,355. Secondary education in 1874.—(Gymnasia and Hellenic schools.) Number of Hellenic schools, 136; number of teachers, 280; number of pupils, 7,646; number of Gymnasia, 18; number of professors, 120; number of pupils, 2,460. Lycées and boarding schools.—Number of lycées and boarding schools for boys, 18; number of pupils, 748; number of boarding schools for girls, 15; number of pupils, 122. The last named are private institutions, and subject to government inspection. Superior education.—The university: Number of students in 1874, 1,352; number of professors, 53; number of tutors, 24. Miscellaneous schools.-Naval schools, 5, military academy, 1; polytechnic school, 1; seminaries, 4; royal marine school, 1; total number, 12. Number professors, 85; number of students, 681. Grand total of institutions of learning, 1,394; number of pupils and students, 93,588. No mention is made of normal schools and educational journals. ITALY, constitutional monarchy: Area, 112,677 square miles; population, 26,796,233. Capital, Rome; population, 244, 484. The following number of children do not attend school at present: province of Mantua, 10,868, or 31 per cent.; province of Ascoli-Picero, 11,648, or 40 per cent.; province of Bologna, 26,464, or 49 per cent.; provinces of the Campagna, 124,166, or 72 per cent.; provinces of Bari, Lecce, Potenza, and Calabria, 215,722, or 75 per cent. Number of lycées, 80; number of pupils, 5,532; number of Gymnasia, 104; number of pupils, 9,772; number of technical schools, 63; number of pupils, 6,501.-(Bolletino Ufficiale dell' Istruzione Pubblica.) JAPAN, absolute monarchy: Area, 156,604 square miles; population, 33,579,909. Capital, Tokio, (Yedo;) population, 674,447. Acting minister of education, F. Tanaka. Date of report, 1874. Population, (according to school report,) 33,579,909; middle school districts, 246; elementary school districts, 45,418; increase for the year, 2,967. Schools: Public, 18,712; increase for the year, 10,710; private, 2,356. Foreign language schools: Governmental, 10; public, 82; private, 21; government colleges, 21. Whole number of colleges and schools, 20,608; increase for the year, 7,945. Pupils of schools: Male, 1,303,300; increase for the year, 293,684; female, 421,807; increase for the year, 103,471; total, 1,725,107; increase for the year, 397,152; pupils of normal institutes, 5,022; increase for the year, 3,811. Pupils of foreign language schools: Male, 4,969; increase for the year, 966; female, 350; increase for the year, 126; total, 5,319; increase for the year, 1,092; pupils in government colleges, 3,973; increase for the year, 62; whole number of pupils, 1,739,422; increase for the year, 402,118. Number of pupils per 100 of population, 5.18. Teachers employed in schools.—Public: Male, 32,556; female, 457. Private: Male, 4,398; female, 210. Teachers in normal institutes, 285; teachers in foreign language schools, 247; teachers in government colleges, 245. American: Male, 22; female, Foreign instructors.-English: Male, 91; female, 10. 2. German: Male, 23; female, 1. French: Male, 56; fe male, 2. Russian: Male, 1. Dutch: Male, 2. Swiss: Male, 1. Chinese: Male, 1. Total number of foreign instructors: Male, 197; female, 15; total, 212. Income. From school fees, 301,603.32 yen; from voluntary contributions, 1,080,845.46 yen; from school district rates, 1,458,610.06 yen; from government, 272,330.17 yen; from interests of various sorts, 354,326.50 yen; from various sources, 326,407.50 yen; total annual income, 3,794,123.01 yen. Expenditure.-Teachers' salaries, 1,295,686.63 yen; other salaries, 282,527.51 yen; expenses for inspecting and travelling, 28,269.64 yen; building and repairs, 643,536.01 yen; books and apparatus, 488,137.25 yen; fuel and lights, 170,832.56 yen; miscellaneous, 286,289.03 yen; total annual expenditure, 3,195,278.63 yen. Expenses for government colleges and schools, 643,142.40. Public school property.-Value of school-houses, 1,038,026.57 yen; value of school grounds, 124,580.39 yen; value of school apparatus, 413,595,61 yen; value of school books, 367,653.63 yen; amount of school funds, 3,796,392.07 yen; total, 5,740,248.27 yen. JAVA, Dutch colony: Area, 51,336 square miles; population, 17,298,200. Number of government schools, 53; number of pupils, 4,160, of which 2,352 receive instruction free; number of private schools, 29; number of pupils, 2,000. There are besides 73 government and 114 private schools for natives of which the number of pupils is not given.-(Allgemeine Deutsche Lehrerzeitung, 1876, No. 10.) NETHERLANDS, constitutional monarchy: Area, 20,527 square miles; population, 3,767 263. Capital, The Hague; population, 97,565. Date of the report of the royal commissioner, 1876. Elementary instruction.-Number of public elementary schools December 31, 1873, 2,669, viz, 2,215 ordinary elementary and 454 more extended elementary schools; number of subsidized private elementary schools, 143, v iz, 30 ordinary elementary and 113 more extended elementary schools; number of non-subsidized elementary private schools, 978, viz, 406 ordinary elementary and 572 more extended elementary schools; total number of elementary schools, 3,790. Number of pupils in public schools, 382,146, viz, 212,995 boys and 169,151 gir's; number of pupils in subsidized private schools, 5,999, viz, 2,870 boys and 3,129 girls; number of pupils in non-subsidized private schools, 111,914, viz, 49,950 boys and 61,934 girls; total number of pupils, 500,059. Number of public school teachers, assistants, and pupil teachers, 7,248, viz, 6,519 males and 729 females; number of private school teachers, assistants, and pupil teachers, 4,217, viz, 2,472 males and 1,745 females; total number of teachers, 11,465, viz, 8,991 males and 2,474 females. Evening schools.-Number of pupils in public evening schools, 19,236; number of pupils in private evening schools, 4,555; total number, 23,791, viz, 17,736 boys and 6,055 girls; number of teachers, not given. Repeating and Sunday schools.-Number of public schools, 102; number of subsidized private schools, 18; number of non-subsidized private schools, 121; total, 241. Number of public school teachers, 219, viz, 215 males and 4 females; number of subsidized private school teachers, 41, viz, 40 males and 1 female; number of non-subsidized private school teachers, 313, viz, 186 males and 127 females; total number of teachers, 573, viz, 441 males and 132 females. Number of pupils in public schools, 3,495, viz, 2,981 males and 514 females; number of pupils in subsidized private schools, 967, viz, 633 males and 284 females; number of pupils in non-subsidized private schools, 6,513, viz, 2,754 males and 3,759 females; total, 10,975, viz, 6,418 males and 4,557 females. Total expenditures for elementary instruction in 1873, 6,558,519 florins. Secondary instruction.-(In Holland, middle class schools.) For boys, number of day bargher schools, 5; number of evening burgher schools, 31; total, 36; number of teachers, 348; number of day school pupils, 356; number of evening school pupils, 4,148, of which 3,307 practised a trade; total, 4,504. Industrial schools and drawing schools.-Number of schools, 32; number of teachers, 120; number of pupils, 2,500. Higher burgher schools.-Number of schools, 49, of which 17 are government schools; number of pupils in December, 1874, 3,874, of which 73 are below 12 and 465 above 18 years of age. Number of professors in 1874, 573. The royal polytechnic schools.-Number of professors and assistants, 25; number of students in 1874-75, 236; number of pupils in the preparatory class, 76. There are several agricultural schools in Holland, of which the number of professors and pupils is not given. Navigation schools.-Number of schools in 1874, 11; number of teachers, 23; number of pupils, 250. Middle class schools for girls.-Number of schools, 7; number of pupils, 539; number of teachers, 82, viz, 41 males and 41 females. Industrial school for girls at Amsterdam.-Number of pupils in 1874, 172; number of teachers, 15, viz, 7 males and 8 females; total annual expenditures, 12,000 florins. Total amount of expenditures for middle class schools, 1,461,400 florius. No mention is made of superior instruction. PORTUGAL, Constitutional monarchy: Area, 36,510 square miles; population, 3,995, 152 Capital, Lisbon; population, 224,063. Minister of public instruction, the minister of the interior, A. Rodrigues Sampaio. A full report on education in Portugal has kindly been transmitted to this Office by the Hon. B. Moran, United States minister at Lisbon. Date of report, December, 1875. Primary instruction.—Number of schools, 2,244; i. e., 1,910 for boys, and 334 for girls. Number of pupils, 113,097; 92,834 boys, and 2,052 girls. Number of teachers, 2,609; 2,114 males, and 495 females. Secondary instruction.-Number of lyceums, 18, with 2,385 pupils. Number of other secondary schools, 123. Superior instruction.-University of Coimbra, with 52 professors and 15 assistants, and 913 students, viz, theology, 39; law, 343; political economy, 6; medicine, 56; mathematics, 104; philosophy, 262; drawing, 103. Polytechnic school at Lisbon, with 174 students. Military academy, with 272 students. Polytechnic school at Oporto, with 109 students. Medico-surgical schools at Lisbon, Oporto, and Funchal, with 192 students. Special instruction.-Academies of the fine arts at Lisbon and Oporto, with 277 students. Conservatory of Music, with 95 students. Industrial and Commercial Institution, with 388 students. Total annual expenditure for education, $1,200,000. BOUMANIA, constitutional monarchy, (tributary to Turkey:) Area, 45,642 square miles; population, 3,864,848. Capital, Bucharest; population, 221,150. On the 1st of September, 1875, Roumania had 2,413 public schools, of which 2,138 were supported by the state. The number of teachers was 873, of which 527 were regalarly trained. RUSSIA, absolute monarchy, empire: Area, 8,404,767 square miles; population 82,172,022. Capital, St. Petersburg; population 667,0:26. Number of common schools in the European provinces, 20,376; number of pupils, 839,565, viz: 670,186 boys and 169,379 girls. Total number of children between the |