action an armed force of 70,000 militiamen. Later he called for the enlistment of 64,000 more soldiers and 18,000 seamen, declared a blockade of the Southern ports and called Congress into extra session to pass measures for the suppression of the rebellion of the confederated States. On September 22, 1862, he issued a proclamation declaring the freedom on January 1, 1863, of all slaves in the States and parts of States that should then be in rebellion. On October 16, 1863, he called forth 300,000 volunteer soldiers to take the place of those whose terms had expired. On November 19th of the same year he made his famous address at the consecration of the battle-field of Gettysburg, a portion of which is printed with this article. On his second inauguration, March 4, 1865, President Lincoln delivered an address which will stand forever as a model of lofty eloquence and sublime morality. On April 3d, at the head of the victorious Union army, he entered Richmond, the capital of the subjugated Confederacy. His last public address was made April 11, 1865. The night of April 14th he fell by an assassin's hand in Ford's Theatre, Washington. Mr. Lincoln was a true. type of American-simple in manner, homely in speech and dress, full of good-nature and anecdote, shrewd and conservative in affairs, lofty in purpose, determined in action, and magnanimous in victory.

Emerson said, in the course of a funeral discourse delivered at Concord, Mass., April 19, 1865: "Lincoln was a plain man of the people. He had a face and manner which disarmed suspicion,

he said they did, she slipped quickly by him through the door and kept cautiously within, as long as the vessel was to be seen through the window-pane on the horizon.

The moods of the two were for once reversed. The old man looked very sly over his work, whilst she was quiet and cowed. Once only she broke out, angrily: "But why doesn't the King get rid of them? If I was captain of a man-of-war, I'd

'Yes, Elizabeth, if you were captain of a man-of-war -what then?"

The child's conceptions apparently reached no further than such matters as these as yet. She had seen few human beings as she grew up, and in recent years, after her grandmother's death, she and her grandfather had been the only regular inhabitants of the island. -The Pilot and His Wife; translation of G. L. TOTTEN

HAM.

AN UNDERSTANDING.

"No, Salve, it is not this which stands between us, however cleverly you may have discovered it; it is not this it is something else. At heart you do not trust me, that is the truth-and thus all this has come up in your mind afterward. And do you see," she continued, with a face expressive of pain, "it never will turn out well with us so long as you cherish one particle of doubt in your thoughts? Don't you understand yet, that it is the peace of our hearthstone that is at stake; that it is this I have fought for all these years, when I have borne it all as-as you well know I have not the nature to endure, Salve?" said she, giving him an impressive look. "If you do not understand it yet, then God help you and us!" she concluded, despairingly, and turned half about again to the fire, in which she lost herself gazing.

He stood before her averted form as if he had been paralyzed, and scarcely ventured to look at her; in that degree all that she had said now lay clear and striking before him as the truth. She had held a mirror of their united lives up before his eyes, and he saw himself therein so egotistical and small by the side of

all this love. He stood with a deep pain, humbled in heart, and he was both too noble and too true not to be willing to acknowledge it. Abstracted, he went over to the window and stood there awhile.

"Elizabeth," he said, despondingly, "you know certainly at heart that you have been everything to me in this world; I know, also, wherein my deepest wrong against you consists, and I shall now truly and freely acknowledge that to you, though it will make me stand an insignificant man before you. Yes, Elizabeth, I have never been able to feel myself really secure, that I alone wholly and fully possessed your mind since that time"it cost him an effort, apparently, to speak out, for he contended with this humiliation in the acknowledgment -"since that affair of yours with the naval officer. It has been my sore spot, you perceive," said he, softly confidential, "which I could not control in spite of everything I still knew to the contrary. And perhaps I cannot bear it yet. This is my stumbling-block, I acknowledge honestly and plainly; but still I cannot lose. you, Elizabeth. I have always seen that you were fitted for something grand; that you really should have a man who was somebody in the world-such a one as he, and not a common man like me. You see I have never been able to endure thinking of this, and so I have become rancorous toward all the world, and suspicious and oppressive toward you. Notwithstanding you are my wife, Elizabeth, I have never been able to believe that I possessed you, and therefore never really had you, although what you have said to me to-day, God be praised, has given me another assurance. I have not been strong enough not as you-though I dare say I have striven with it, Elizabeth!" he burst out, looking so pale, while he laid both hands on her shoulders and looked her in the face.

She felt that his arms trembled, and her eyes filled with tears. It wounded her to the heart to see him thus. She suddenly released herself and went into the side chamber, whence she presently came out with an old note and handed it to him:

"It is the letter which I wrote to the naval officer that night I fled from the Becks." (He looked at her

a little amazed.) "I got it from Mrs. Beck," she said. "Read it, Salve!"

44

Pardon me that I cannot become your wife, for my heart is another's. ELIZABETH RAKLEV."

He spelled out the large, crooked letters, but seated himself thereupon down on the bench and read it over again. She stood bending over him, and looked now at the note, then at his face.

"What stands there, Salve?" she asked, at last. "Why could I not become young Beck's wife?"

"For my heart-is another's!'" he answered slowly, and looked at her with moist eyes.

"No, not you-it was I who loved another, it stands ; and who was that other?"

"God bless you-it was I!" and he drew her down on his lap.-The Pilot and His Wife.

LIEBER, FRANCIS, a German-American publicist, born at Berlin, March 18, 1800; died in New York, October 2, 1872. He had begun the study of medicine when, in 1815, he joined the Prussian army as a volunteer, and was severely wounded at the siege of Namur. After the close of the Waterloo campaign he resumed his studies; but his liberal sentiments drew upon him the disfavor of the Government, and he found it expedient to leave Germany. After spending some time at Rome and London, he came to the United States in 1827, taking up his residence in Boston, where he gave lectures on history and politics, and edited the Encyclopædia Americana, based upon, and partly translated from, Brockhaus's Conversations-Lexikon (13 vols., 1829–33). In 1832 he was appointed by the trustees of Girard College, Philadelphia, to draft a plan of education. In 1835 he accepted the professorship of History and Political Economy in the University of South Carolina. He held this position until 1856, when he was appointed to a similar one in Columbia College, New York, where he was subsequently made Professor of Political Science, a position which he retained until his death. His writings were very numerous, and in many departments. Notable among them are his Manual of Political Ethics (1838, second edition, 1875) and Civil Liberty and