in excess, and indicate your views as to the probable causes of each excess. Is there any other statistical information you would desire for guidance?

2. If the population of one district is 21,575, and the death-rate per annum 18 per 1000, and that of another 24,864, with a deathrate of 20, what is the death-rate of the combined district?

3. To what diseases are the following classes of operatives specially liable?-File-cutters, Knife-grinders, Painters, Water Gilders, Brassfounders, Typefounders, Match-makers.

4. What are the powers conferred on Sanitary Officials by the Public Health (Scotland) Act in dealing with unsound food? How are these carried out?

5. What is meant by a cellar-dwelling? What powers have a Local Authority to deal with these?

SANITARY LAW AND VITAL STATISTICS.

22ND MARCH 1902-1 TO 3 P.M.

1. What are the duties of the Medical Officer of Health under the Factories and Workshops Act, 1901 ?

2. Mention the diseases notifiable under the Notification of Infectious Diseases Act. Are there any of them that might be dispensed with? Are there any you would recommend to be added? If so, give your reasons.

3. What constitutes a nuisance under the Public Health (Scotland) Act, and what are the steps to be taken for its abatement?

4. How would you calculate the population from the birthrate, and what do you consider the most reliable method of getting at the population in a somewhat shifting population?

5. Why is the crude death-rate unreliable for comparative purposes? Describe fully how you would ascertain what is known as the "corrected death-rate."

EXAMINATION QUESTIONS FOR

DEGREE OF B.D.

THEOLOGY.

MARCH 1902.

1. State the teleological argument for the being of God, and show that it is valid on modern theories of matter and force. 2. What is an a priori proof? State shortly the a priori proofs of Anselm and Descartes.

3. What is the religion of Positivism, and to what objections is it open?

4. Write a short note on Spinoza, indicating especially his view of the relation of God to the universe.

5. State what you know of Mahomet, and describe briefly the Mahometan religion.

6. What are the chief tenets of Buddhism? Describe generally the nature of Buddhist morality.

7. Enumerate the chief sceptical theories of the Resurrection. What is Keim's criticism of the Vision theory?

8. What is the Old Testament idea of Atonement as set forth in the Prophets and in the Law respectively?

9. What is the Pauline teaching regarding the nature of the Church?

10. Give the chief Biblical terms for Sin, and trace the relation of the ideas of Sin and Guilt.

11. Define and contrast Eutychianism and Nestorianism. Indicate modern theological tendencies related to these.

12. What is meant by kenosis? State very briefly the leading modern kenotic theories.

BIBLICAL CRITICISM.

MARCH 1902.

Time allowed-Three hours.

I.

(a) MARK i.-vi., WITH PARALLELS.

1. Translate (Mark iv. 21-25):—

21 Καὶ ἔλεγεν αὐτοῖς ὅτι Μήτι ἔρχεται ὁ λύχνος ἵνα ὑπὸ τὸν μόδιον τεθῇ ἢ ὑπὸ τὴν κλίνην; οὐχ ἵνα ἐπὶ τὴν λυχνίαν τεθῇ; 22 οὐ γάρ ἐστίν τι

κρυπτόν, ἐὰν μὴ ἵνα φανερωθῇ· οὐδὲ ἐγένετο ἀπόκρυφον, ἀλλ ̓ ἵνα ἔλθῇ εἰς φανερόν. 23 εἴ τις ἔχει ὦτα ἀκούειν ἀκουέτω. 24 Καὶ ἔλεγεν αὐτοῖς, Βλέπετε τί ἀκούετε. ἐν ᾧ μέτρῳ μετρεῖτε μετρηθήσεται ὑμῖν καὶ προστε θήσεται ὑμῖν. 25 ὃς γὰρ ἔχει δοθήσεται αὐτῷ· καὶ ὃς οὐκ ἔχει καὶ ὁ ἔχει ἀρθήσεται ἀπ' αὐτοῦ.

2. Compare this passage with the parallels, pointing out the manner in which each of the synoptists applies the sayings recorded here.

(β) ROMANS.

3. Translate (Romans iii. 21-26) :

21 Νυνὶ δὲ χωρὶς νόμου δικαιοσύνη θεοῦ πεφανέρωται, μαρτυρουμένη ὑπὸ τοῦ νόμου καὶ τῶν προφητῶν, 2 δικαιοσύνη δὲ θεοῦ διὰ πίστεως Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, εἰς πάντας τοὺς πιστεύοντας· οὐ γάρ ἐστιν διαστολή· 23 πάντες γὰρ ἥμαρτον καὶ ὑστεροῦνται τῆς δόξης τοῦ θεοῦ, 24 δικαιούμενοι δωρεὰν τῇ αὐτοῦ χάριτι διὰ τῆς ἀπολυτρώσεως τῆς ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ· 25 προέθετο ὁ θεὸς ἱλαστήριον διὰ πίστεως ἐν τῷ αὐτοῦ αἵματι, εἰς ἔνδειξιν τῆς δικαιοσύνης αὐτοῦ διὰ τὴν πάρεσιν τῶν προγεγονότων ἁμαρτημάτων 26 ἐν τῇ ἀνοχῇ τοῦ θεοῦ, πρὸς τὴν ἔνδειξιν τῆς δικαιοσύνης αὐτοῦ ἐν τῷ νῦν καιρῷ, εἰς τὸ εἶναι αὐτὸν δίκαιον καὶ δικαιοῦντα τὸν ἐκ πίστεως Ἰησοῦ,

4. Write short notes on δικαιοσύνη θεοῦ (verse 21) and δικαιοσύνης αὐτοῦ (verse 26), δόξης τοῦ θεοῦ (verse 23), ἀπολυτρώσεως (verse 24), ἱλαστήριον (verse 25), τὸν ἐκ πίστεως Ἰησοῦ (verse 26).

5. Discuss the question of the integrity of this Epistle with reference to chapter xvi.

(γ) ORIGIN AND RELATION OF THE FOUR GOSPELS.

6. Papias says: Ματθαῖος μὲν οὖν ἑβραΐδι διαλέκτῳ τὰ λόγια συνεγράψατο, ἡρμήνευσε δ ̓ αὐτὰ ὡς ἦν δυνατὸς ἕκαστος. Explain this statement, and show its bearing on the question of the authorship and origin of the Gospel according to St Matthew.

7. What are the main grounds on which the Johannine authorship of the Fourth Gospel has been assailed?

(δ) LIFE AND DOCTRINE OF ST PAUL.

8. Give an outline of the events in Paul's life between his Conversion and the Apostolic Council at Jerusalem.

9. What, according to Paul, was the function performed by the Law?

II.

TEXTUAL CRITICISM.

10. Transcribe the following critical note, naming the more important witnesses, and arrange the evidence on both sides in chronological order:-εχθρους υμων c. N B 1 11 22 209 alt a b ffig1k vg cop syrcu Thphil3, 14 Or4, 324 Eusps 589 Irenint 210 Cypter Jer al......s (Gb) add ευλογειτε τους καταρωμένους υμας (D' υμιν) C. DEKLSUAN al pler c f h go syrsch et arm aeth Athenlegat 11 Clem60 Euspraep 13,7 (omnino e Mt vdtr) Const. 2 Chr : : cf Lcl.

11. Explain briefy the following terms : στίχος, lectionary, scriptio continua, διορθώτης, bilingual, homoioteleuton, Ferrar Group, Western Text.

12. What do you know of Tatian, Jerome, Robert Stephen, Tischendorf ?

III.

GOSPEL OF PETER AND THE DIDACHÉ,

13. Translate (Gospel of Peter, chap. v.) :

Ἦν δὲ μεσημβρία, καὶ σκότος κατέσχε πᾶσαν τὴν Ἰουδαίαν· καὶ ἐθορυβοῦντο καὶ ἠγωνίων μήποτε ὁ ἥλιος ἔδυ ἐπειδὴ ἔτι ἔζη· γέγραπται γὰρ αὐτοῖς ἥλιον μὴ δῦναι ἐπὶ πεφονευμένῳ. καί τις αὐτῶν εἶπεν· ποτίσατε αὐτὸν χολὴν μετὰ ὄξους· καὶ κεράσαντες ἐπότισαν. καὶ ἐπλήρωσαν πάντα καὶ ἐτελείωσαν κατὰ τῆς κεφαλῆς αὐτῶν τὰ ἁμαρτήματα. περιήρ χοντο δὲ πολλοὶ μετὰ λύχνων νομίζοντες ὅτι νύξ ἐστιν, ἔπεσάν τε. καὶ δ κύριος ἀνεβόησε λέγων· ἡ δύναμίς μου, ἡ δύναμίς μου, κατέλειψάς με καὶ εἰπὼν ἀνελήφθη. καὶ αὐτῆς τῆς ὥρας διεράγη τὸ καταπέτασμα τοῦ ναοῦ τῆς Ἱερουσαλὴμ εἰς δύο.

14. State the evidence for the date and sources of the Gospel of Peter.

15. Translate (Didaché, chap. ix.) :

1 περὶ δὲ τῆς εὐχαριστίας οὕτως εὐχαριστήσατε. 2 πρῶτον περὶ τοῦ ποτηρίου· εὐχαριστοῦμέν σοι, πάτερ ἡμῶν, ὑπὲρ τῆς ἁγίας ἀμπέλου Δαβὶδ τοῦ παιδός σου, ἧς ἐγνώρισας ἡμῖν διὰ Ἰησοῦ τοῦ παιδός σου· σοὶ ἡ δόξα εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας. 3 περὶ δὲ τοῦ κλάσματος· εὐχαριστοῦμέν σοι, πάτερ ἡμῶν, ὑπὲρ τῆς ζωῆς καὶ γνώσεως ἧς ἐγνώρισας ἡμῖν διὰ Ἰησοῦ τοῦ παιδός σου· σοὶ ἡ δόξα εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας. ὥσπερ ἦν τοῦτο τὸ κλάσμα διεσκορπιστ μένον ἐπάνω τῶν ὀρέων καὶ συναχθὲν ἐγένετο ἕν, οὕτω συναχθήτω σου ἡ

5

ἐκκλησία ἀπὸ τῶν περάτων τῆς γῆς εἰς τὴν σὴν βασιλείαν· ὅτι σοῦ ἐστιν ἡ δόξα καὶ ἡ δύναμις διὰ Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας. undels de φαγέτω μηδὲ πιέτω ἀπὸ τῆς εὐχαριστίας ὑμῶν ἀλλ ̓ οἱ βαπτισθέντες εἰς ὄνομα κυρίου· καὶ γὰρ περὶ τούτου εἴρηκεν ὁ κύριος· μὴ δῶτε τὸ ἅγιον τοῖς κυσί.

16. What church officials appear in the Didaché ? Describe their position and functions.

CHURCH HISTORY.

MARCH 1902.

(Ten questions to be answered.)

I. THE PAPACY FROM HILDEBRAND TO BONIFACE VIII.

1. State briefly the aims of Hildebrand (a) as a reformer, (b) as a statesman. Compare him in these respects with Innocent III.

2. Discuss the proposal of Paschal II. for settling the Investiture strife, and contrast it with the arrangement effected by Calixtus II.

3. What were the chief topics dealt with at the Fourth Lateran Council?

4. Write a short biographical note on Francis of Assisi. Illustrate, by reference to events in the reign of Frederick II., the political services rendered by the Franciscans to the Popes.

5. Explain the papal policy which resulted in the extinction of the house of Suabia.

II. PROGRESS OF THE REFORMATION IN GERMANY, ENGLAND, AND SCOTLAND.

6. What controversies did Luther engage in with Henry VIII. and Erasmus respectively?

7. Write short notes on any two of the following: (1) Melanchthon, (2) Bucer, (3) Zwingli.

8. When were the Thirty-nine Articles adopted? What Articles had been formulated previously?

9. Contrast the Scottish with the English Reformation as to causes and results.