Third Professional Examination. PATHOLOGY. 21ST MARCH 1902-12 NOON TO 2 P.M. 1. Give an account of the following parasites and of their relations to disease :: Bilharzia hæmatobia, Ankylostoma duodenale. 2. Describe the changes which take place in the blood and organs in pernicious anæmia. 3. By what channels may the Tubercle bacillus attack the lung? How would you distinguish the anatomical changes resulting, as visible to the unaided eye? 4. What steps would you take to confirm a clinical diagnosis of enteric fever? MEDICAL JURISPRUDENCE AND PUBLIC HEALTH. 22ND MARCH 1902-10 A.M. TO 12 NOON. 1. A dead child is found in an ash-pit. How would you determine whether the child was born alive or whether it was born dead? 2. What are the symptoms commonly found in chronic arsenical poisoning? 3. How would you distinguish between apoplexy and narcotic poisoning? 4. Describe the necessary procedure in sending a lunatic to an asylum. 5. How is diphtheria propagated? When would you certify a patient who had been attending school at the time of attack fit to return? EXAMINATION FOR DIPLOMA IN PUBLIC HEALTH. First Examination. CHEMISTRY. 19TH MARCH 1902-1 TO 3 P.M. 1. From what sources may chlorides in a well-water be derived? What information respecting the position and surroundings of the well would you require in order to interpret the analytical results correctly? 2. Describe exactly how you would determine the total acid in a sample of lime-juice. How could you ascertain the presence of a foreign acid? 3. Give an account of direct-weighing methods for estimating the carbonic anhydride and moisture in the atmosphere. How does their accuracy compare with the accuracy of other methods? 4. Give a detailed account of any process for determining the fat in milk. PRACTICAL CHEMISTRY. MARCH 1902. 1. Determine the Reichert-Meissl number for the given specimen of butter, and report as to the purity or otherwise of the sample. The solution of caustic soda provided must be standardised by means of oxalic acid. 2. Examine the given sample of milk for preservatives. PHYSICS AND METEOROLOGY. 24TH MARCH 1902-9 TO 11 A.M. (Two hours allowed.) 1. Explain why, and in how far, liquids have a definite boilingpoint. What is meant by saying that unsaturated vapours obey approximately the gaseous laws? 2. How would you measure the change of density of a liquid with temperature? What is the maximum density of water, and how may it be found? 3. Give instances and applications of absorption of gases by solids. 4. Explain the terms-latent heat of (1) evaporation, (2) fusion, (3) solution, (4) expansion. 5. What are clouds? What is the physical difference between the chief forms of clouds? Why do not clouds fall? 6. Explain the chief causes of the difference of climate between the east and west coasts of Scotland. 7. What is the Gulf Stream, and what is it due to? 8. Explain the meaning of current strength and electro-motive force. What is meant by a current of high voltage? 9. What is, in general, the chemical action of an electric current? Explain how currents may corrode metals. BACTERIOLOGY. 21ST MARCH 1902-12 NOON TO 2 P.M. (Four questions to be answered.) 1. Describe in detail the morphological characters of the Bacillus tuberculosis. Mention any organisms which resemble it in its staining reactions. 2. In what forms may potato be employed as a culture medium? In what cases would you specially use this medium? 3. In a case of Influenza describe your method of isolating, identifying, and cultivating the Bacillus. 4. A fluid containing Streptococci and Bacillus tetani is given you; how would you proceed to obtain pure cultures of each? 5. Describe the appearances in cultures of the following organisms, and detail their microscopic characters: (1) Bacillus coli, (2) Bacillus typhosus, (3) Bacillus diphtheria, (4) Bacillus mallei, (5) Vibrio cholera, (6) Streptothrix actinomyces, (7) Bacillus cedematis maligni. PRACTICAL BACTERIOLOGY. MARCH 1902. Stain in watery aniline (Fluid A contained Fluid B contained 1. Prepare films from fluids A and B. dyes. Describe and name organisms found. Sarcina lutea, B. anthracis, B. diphtheria. B. pestis, B. typhosus, Vibrio cholera.) 2. Describe, and if possible identify, the following microscopic specimens: (1) B. subtilis, (2) B. diphtheria, (3) actinomycosis tongue of cow, (4) Sarcina in sputum, (5) "drum-stick" bacillus. 3. Name the following cultures: (1) B. typhosus, (2) Streptococcus erysipelatis, (3) B. anthracis, (4) B. coli communis, (5) B. pestis (recent), (6) B. diphtheria, (7) B. kiliensis, (8) B. mallei, (9) Sarcina lutea, (10) B. tetani, (11) B. oedematis maligni, (12) B. of quarter-evil, (13) Streptothrix actinomyces, (14) M. tetragenus, (15) B. pestis (old), (16) Staphylococcus pyogenes citreus. Second Examination. PRACTICAL SANITATION. OCTOBER 1901. (Not more than five questions to be answered.) 1. A country house supplied with water from a well in the neighbourhood is to be fitted up with water-closets and drained into a cesspool. What precautions are necessary to prevent the water being polluted, and what points require to be attended to in the construction of the cesspool and drains to prevent sewer gas reaching the house? 2. Describe the various devices with which you are familiar for ventilating a room. What is "Respiratory Impurity," and how much will an adult male, an adult female, and a child produce per hour? 3. Describe the manner in which milk may become the agency for the spread of Scarlet Fever, Enteric, and Diphtheria. Enumerate the features of a milk epidemic. 4. It is proposed that a village should be constituted a Special Water Supply District. What points would call for special consideration in drafting a report on the suitability of any scheme? 5. How do Hydrocarbons and Carbohydrates differ, and what dietetic properties do they fulfil? How many grains of Carbon and Nitrogen are daily needed for an adult male on hard work? 6. A room 20 ft. x 20 × 10 is occupied by two adults for three hours. If 5000 cubic feet of fresh air are supplied per hour, what will be the percentage of carbon dioxide present in the room at the end of that time? PRACTICAL SANITATION AND EPIDEMIOLOGY. 22ND MARCH 1902-10 A.M. TO 12 NOON. 1. Cases of (1) diphtheria and (2) scarlet fever occur in two separate private establishments. Describe how you would proceed in tracing the origin of the diseases; mention what instructions you would give to the guardians, the steps you would take to prevent spread of the diseases, and when in each of the diseases you would certify the patients as safe to mix with healthy people. 2. How would you disinfect a bedroom occupied through the whole course of illness by a scarlet fever patient, and containing a carpet, steel fender and grate, gilt-framed pictures, leather boots, clothing (including furs), feather pillows, blankets, sheets, and hair mattress, with the least amount of damage to the various articles? 3. What are the special points you would look to in examining a house of four flats with water-closet on each flat and one soil-pipe, (a) as to water-supply arrangements, (b) as to waterclosets, baths, and sinks, and (c) as to house drainage, all as to their being in a satisfactory sanitary condition? 4. A stone-built house is complained of as being very damp. How would you proceed to examine for the cause? State the most usual causes and their remedies. 5. Mention the various methods of ventilation applied to hospitals, schools, and public buildings. SANITARY LAW AND VITAL STATISTICS. OCTOBER 1901. (Not more than four questions to be answered.) 1. A town in a mining district in the North of England gave the following mortality statistics for 1889: 207 23.37 4.39 0.00 0.93 0.93 0.07 0.36 0.29 1.80 4.0 5.82 Comment on the above figures. Point out where the rates are |