of Teachers in the Art of Teaching; and the subject is divided into Three Parts-the Theory, the History, and the Practice. The Professor delivers a full course of 100 Lectures qualifying for the Degree of M.A. ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE. On 15th January 1897 her Majesty the Queen in Council declared her approbation of an Ordinance issued by the Scottish Universities Commission of 1889 instituting a Professorship of English Literature in the United College (to be called the Berry Chair of English Literature in the University of St Andrews). The Professor is appointed by the University Court. The work of the Ordinary Class, which will meet daily at 10 A.M., will comprise the following subjects :— 1. Principles of Criticism. 2. Aristotle's Poetics-Longinus, On the Sublime. 3. Special books: Chaucer, Knight's Tale, and Nun's Priest's Tale; Shakespeare, Macbeth, and Merchant of Venice; Poetry of Keats; Tennyson's In Memoriam; Addison's Essays on Paradise Lost; Burke, Thoughts on Present Discontents. 4. The History of English and Scottish Literature from 1700 to 1832. The work of the Honours Class, which will meet at 9 A.M. on Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, and Thursday, will comprise the following subjects: 1. Old English, Cook and Sweet. Beowulf. 2. History of the English Language. Morris and Skeat's Selections. 3. Shakespeare's Comedy. A class for Old English will meet as may be arranged. Subject prescribed for Summer Study. The whole poetical work of Tennyson. ANATOMY. On 15th June 1901 his Majesty the King in Council declared his approbation of an Ordinance issued by the University Court of the University of St Andrews, instituting a Professorship of Anatomy in the United College (to be called the Bute Chair of Anatomy). The Professor is appointed by the University Court. Winter Session. For the Second Professional Examination for the Lectures for Junior Students at one o'clock. The Lectures during the first part of the course are devoted to a careful study of the bones which form the framework of the body. In the succeeding lectures the muscular, nervous, alimentary, respiratory, and other systems are described and illustrated by numerous diagrams and specimens from the Anatomical Museum. Throughout the course the development and comparative anatomy of the various organs and textures are brought before the notice of the students, in order that they may acquire a comprehensive grasp of the science, and the course is specially designed to prepare the student to understand the functions of the various organs in the study of physiology. The course is fully illustrated by dissections, models, and diagrams, and by microscopic and lantern demonstrations. Lectures and Demonstrations for Senior Students at eleven o'clock. Practical Anatomy.-The Practical Anatomy room for dissecting is open daily from 9 A.M. to 5 P.M., under the superintendence of the Professor, and examinations are held on the students' own dissections. Anatomical Museum.-The Anatomical Museum, which is open free to the members of the class, contains (1) a complete collection of bones painted to show the muscular attachments, and mounted in revolving shades, and duplicate specimens which the student can handle in order to exercise the sense of touch as well as sight. (2) Models of the abdominal and thoracic viscera, brain, eye, and ear. (3) Models illustrating the development of the systems from the earliest stages. (4) A series of mounted dissections showing the anatomy of the body, topographically, and mounted dissections of the brain, eye, ear, larynx, and joints. (5) Comparative Anatomy specimens for students reading for higher examinations. Summer Session The dissecting-room and museum are open in summer as in winter, and a two and a half months' course of Practical Anatomy is given. Lectures and Demonstrations are also given from time to time. Text-Books.-Students are advised to consult the Professor before selecting text-books for the course. For the Final Examination for the Degree of B.Sc. Course in Anatomy and Anthropology.1-Fifty Lectures on (a) Anatomy, especially the higher branches, including Development and Morphology, and the relation of man to the higher mammals. (b) Anthropology, in which the racial characters are described; Distribution of mankind at present and former times; Relation of man to the geological periods; Physical characters of man, especially as regards the cranium and face, and a detailed account of the methods by which the angles and capacity of the skull are determined. Laboratory Work.-Fifty hours, in which the Students are required (a) to make anthropometric measurements of the living subject and the skeleton. (6) Methods of studying development and of preparing sections illustrating the same. LECTURESHIPS. BOTANY.2 At a meeting of the University Court, held on 6th April 1891, Principal Donaldson reported that a donation of £1000 had been received by him from a gentleman interested in the University (the late Dr Cleghorn of Stravithie), towards the endowment of a Botanical Lectureship, or future Chair in the United College. At the same meeting a Lecturer in Botany in the United College was appointed during the pleasure of the Court. The appointment has been renewed from time to time under the provisions of Ordinance No. 17 (General No. 10) of the Scottish Universities Commission of 1889. The following are the Class arrangements proposed for the next session : 1. A Winter Course of 100 meetings (50 Lectures and 50 meetings Practical Work of 1-2 hours each) on separate days at 9 A.M. 2. A Summer Course of 100 meetings (two meetings daily), consisting of: (a) Theoretical Course (50 Lectures), daily at 8 A.M.; (b) Practical Course (50 meetings of 1-2 hours each), daily at 9 A.M. 3. A Series of Demonstrations, supplementing the work of the Practical Class, in Garden, Museum, and Laboratory. 1 This Special Course in Anatomy and Anthropology for the B.Sc. Degree will be given if sufficient Students join the Class. 2 For revised conditions on which the courses in Botany qualify for Graduation in Arts, vide p. 63. Two Theoretical and one Practical Examinations, each of two hours, are held. Either course, Summer or Winter, qualifies for the First B.Sc., and M.B., Ch. B. Examinations. For Graduation in Arts, the following are qualifying courses: (a) the full Winter Course of 100 meetings; or (b) the Summer Lectures (50), along with the Winter Practical Course (50 meetings); or (c) the Winter Lectures (50), along with the Summer Practical Class (50 meetings); or (d) the Theoretical and Practical Courses taken in separate Summer Sessions. II. Advanced Courses, given in Summer and Winter Sessions, and intended for Students working for the Final Science Examination. 1. A Theoretical Course of 50 or more Lectures, at 3 P.M. 2. A Practical Class (100 hours or more), at 4 P.M. Two Theoretical Examinations, each of 2-3 hours, and two Practical Examinations, each at least of 3 hours' duration, are held. III. Botanical Excursions. These take place on Saturdays. Various districts of the county are explored, and local collections made. Junior Students receive training in plant diagnosis, and make acquaintance with British plants in their native habitats, while Advanced Students have facilities for obtaining the intimate knowledge of British genera and species required in the Final Science Examination. IV. The Botanic Garden, containing a type collection of plants arranged according to Natural Orders, is open to all members of the Class for the study of Systematic Botany. V. The Herbarium Collections of British Flowering-Plants, of Mosses, Lichens, &c., may be consulted under the superintendence of the Lecturer. VI. The Botanical Museum contains a collection of specimens bearing on the work of the Classes, and is open to all members. I. Junior Classes Syllabus of Work. 1. The Lecture Course deals with the Morphology and Physiology of Plant Cells, Tissues, and Organs, General Plant Physiology, Development, Classification, and Distribution as exemplified by selected types. 2. In the Practical Class students make micro-preparations and drawings illustrating the structure of typical Cryptogamic and Phanerogamic plants such as: Bacterium, Nostoc, Pinnularia, Pleurococcus, Vaucheria, Closterium, Spirogyra, Nitella, Fucus, Polysiphonia, Mucor, Saccharomyces,_Eurotium, Uredo, Claviceps, Agaricus, Parmelia, Marchantia, Funaria, Aspidium, Equisetum, Selaginella, Pinus, Scilla, Helianthus, Ulmus. Construction of floral diagrams, formulæ, and longitudinal sections; dissections and drawings of typical flowers, fruits, and other organs; micro-chemical examination of cell contents and of reserves in seeds. 3. The Demonstrations deal with the more important details of Plant Histology, and also with the general principles of Plant Classification as illustrated by the commoner British Natural Orders. Together with the Saturday field lecturettes, these form a continuous course of instruction in the Systematic Botany required in the Degree Examinations. ÎI. Advanced Classes— 1. The Winter Lectures are chiefly on Cryptogamic Botany, dealing with the Structure, Development, and Distribution in space and time of the chief orders of the Thallophyta, Bryophyta, and Pteridophyta. 2. The Summer Lectures deal in detail with the Physiology, Morphology, and Classification of the Flowering Plants, and with the Geographical Distribution of Plants. 3. In the Practical Courses training is given in Botanical MicroTechnique, Plant Micro-chemistry and Microscopy, Experimental Plant Physiology. The special types discussed in the Lectures are studied practically. Text-Books. For Junior Classes.-Lectures-Strasburger's or Vines' Textbook of Botany, Scott's Structural Botany, the Lecturer's Outlines of Botany. Practical Class- Bower's or Farmer's Practical Botany. For Senior Classes.-Lectures-Vines' Text-book or Goebel's Outlines, Goebel's Organography, Warming's Systematic Botany, Von Tavel's Fungi, Campbell's Archegoniatæ, Solms-Laubach's, Scott's, or Seward's Fossil Botany, Sach's History of Botany, Pfeffer's, Sach's, or Vine's Lectures on Physiology. Practical Class-De Bary's Anatomy, Darwin's or Detmer's Practical Physiology, Zimmerman's Botanical Micro-Technique. For Excursions.-Hooker's or Hayward's Flora. FRENCH LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE. A Lecturer in French was appointed by the University Court in 1892, in accordance with Ordinance No. 17 (General No. 10) of the Scottish Universities Commission of 1889. In 1894 the |