duce compliance by means of force. It is to be hoped, however, that the rumor regarding Italy's intention to resort to such extreme processes is incorrect. object of the Congress. He says it will the above-named ministers together be for the consideration of the living with seven others, and presided over questions in all the departments of by the Vice-President. There is a human progress. The most eminent Senate and a House of Deputies, somerepresentatives of art, science and poli- thing after the order of our Congress. There is a Supreme Court which sits at Quito, the capital, and four courts of appeal for the provinces. The State religion is Roman Catholic. Toleration of other sects is optional with the ruling powers. A tithe of its revenue is sent annually to Rome. The Quito valley has a general elevDiffering religious denominations, ation of 7,000 feet. It is rich and fertile, temperance societies, and other organ- and were it not for lack of transportaizations will work in harmony to se- tion in the way of railroads, would becure a result in which all are alike in- come a perfect garden. The Napo reterested, and to obtain which the Aux-gion is a dense forest broken only by iliary will endeavor to exercise the rivers. The Amazon drains a large highest impartiality and justice. portion of Ecuader. We are not prepared to receive as re-tics will be present to interchange liable the statements to the effect that ideas and opinions. There will be sub Secretary Blaine intends to include in congresses on education, science and a communication to Rudini, data of philosophy, temperance, moral and the lawless acts of the Mafia. We be- social questions, labor, literature, law lieve that Secretary Blaine is too clear reform, religions, medicine and surheaded a statesman to introduce into gery, commerce and finance, agriculhis correspondence with the foreign ture, arbitration and peace, music, etc. government in question material liable to further inflame Italian sentiment against this country. No other effect could be produced by such a course, as it would appear like an attempt on our side to avoid the main question of the issue. Rudini would doubtless come back at such a representation with a reply to the effect that Italians had A SOUTH AMERICAN REPUBLIC. been admitted to the United States and were consequently, according to treaty THE developments taking place on obligations, entitled to the protection the American continent naturally in. of and liable to the penalties of the cline one to learn something of the laws of the Republic. The complaint various nations which make up this on the part of Italy is that a number hemisphere. Politically and commerof her citizens were murdered by an cially there seems to be a tendency to organized mob while in legal custody bring these inter-continental countries and after having been acquitted by due into closer relations. A railroad is process of law of the crime charged talked of, which if completed will unite against them. Even this country can- all these countries in a certain social and not, as we understand it, go behind industrial sense. The trade reciprocity that acquittal, which is a legal declar-project is another step in the direction ation of inuocence, and it is not to be of international fusion. The Nicaraexpected that Italy will do so. This is gua canal, and the increasing interests the status even if, as a matter of fact, the of United States citizens in the Latin persons who were murdered by the Americas all tend to bring our vast mob were guilty of assassinating Chief continent into a of Police Hennessy. genity, at least. One of these commercial homo southern countries Should the reported intended action of the Italian government prove to be which is very imperfectly known to true-we are not prepared to credit it- us of the north, is Ecuador. It does it would give coloring to the opinion not figure as often in revolutionary that some other power is at the back of horrors as many of its sister states. The Italy. It would also bear out the state-northern boundary of Ecuador is the ment of the British press, that Italy equator and the United States of Cowould not retreat from the position it lombia; the eastern, Brazil; the southassumed from the beginning of the ern, Peru; and the western, the Pacific Ocean. Its area is estimated at controversy. 249,000 square miles, and its population at about 1,000,000. Half of its people is said to be pure Indians of the old aboriginal type. A CONGRESS OF THINKERS. IN connection with the World's Fair at Chicago in 1893, will also be held a Ecuador was formerly a part of New "Congress of Thinkers." This enter- Granada, but Simon Bolivar liberated prise, which bears the formidable name it from Spain. Its constitution was of "World's Congress Auxiliary of the adopted in 1830. The government is World's Columbian Exposition," a republic. But there are educational will, it is believed, draw to- and religious tests imposed for the gether, into intelligent consideration, and discussion of all the more important subjects within the range of human thought, a greater number of the world's great thinkers than ever There is also a Vice-President, a before assembled. Prime Minister, and three other CabiCharles C. Bonney is the promoter net Ministers, the first of whom is of this movement. In a prospectus re-elected, but the others are appointed. cently issued by him he defines the The Cauncil of State is composed of franchise. The President is elected The mean annual temperature at Quito is 58.8 degrees, the extremes in a year being 45 to 70 degrees. The mean annual rainfall is 70 inches, while that of New York City is only 42 inches. In the mountain ranges snow and hailstorms prevail, and frosts often injure cereal crops. The coast regions are sometimes submerged. These are very unhealthy. The scourge of Quito is elephantiasis. In the matter of natural products Ecuador abounds in cinchona, India rubber, vegetable ivory, orchilla grass, and other valuable articles. In cultivated products cereals, coffee, cacao, cotton, fruits, tobacco, nuts and yams are raised. Wheat ripens at any season of the year. Agriculture there is in a very primitive state. Cattle and sheep are reared in vast numbers. In minerals the country is rich. Gold mines were worked extensively in former times. Gold is still found in the mountain streams, but mining is all but suspended there. Manufacturing in Ecuador is very limited. However, in many branches the women excel, such as in linen fabrics, carpets, drapery and other textures of this kind. The great obstruction to progress in this country is likely to arise from the bigotry of its people. They are of all the Latin-Americas the most devoted to Rome, and the most intolerant to other sects. Yet it is said that the Indians are very docile, and the most part of the labor performed there is done by them. But the country is only sparsely settled. As already said the population is about 1,000,000, while the most moderate estimates affirm that it is capable of supporting 20,000,000 of people without any danger of crowding. Christine Olsen, a young woman of Glende in Berg, has mysteriously disappeared from her father's home. THE DIAMOND-SCOTT CASE. that they can kill with at least com- their chosen representative, call upon THE judgment of Judge Zane in the case. Judges and juries have several vital points to consider. Some of them are not given their due weight. They are exact justice, the upholding of the law, the protection of society. It will not be denied that within a number of years past there have been many cases in the local courts wherein per- The opposing theory is that the sevsons have been placed on trial for tak-eral States of the Union are sovereigning human life. The chief sentiment ties; that in them is vested the exthat has existed, after the first thrill of clusive authority to enforce laws horror at the killing was over, established for the protection of the An extraordinary destiny has con has been that of sympathy for the lives, liberties and property of their nected the Latter-day Saints with alperpetrator of the deed. That tender inhabitants, whether citizens or aliens; most every question which has infeeling toward the victim and those and that the General Government can volved the vital interests of this naconnected with him by the closest ties interfere only when appealed to by the tion, and has arisen since the Church has, as a rule, soon died out, being State through its executive. This was organized. When American citi. supplanted by commiseration for the theory is based upon the proposition zens were exterminated from Missouri, slayer. Juries seem to have been in- that the people must be allowed and and appealed to the general governfluenced in this way and by the hy- required to govern themselves. As ment for redress, they were answered perbolical representations of criminal protection of the individual is a chief by the memorable declaration of Presiattorneys. The result has been that function of government, they must dent Van Buren: "Gentlemen, your the takers of human life have, with also be allowed and required to protect cause is just, but we can do nothing for marked frequency, escaped the penal- themselves, and it is held that they ties of the law. you." do this in the only consistent THE sidewalk pavement on the east This condition cheapens human life way, under the Constitution, when side of State Street, between First and and gives those who are passionate they first exhaust their own resources ing of the Stradamant mastic paving will Second South, is now graded, and the layand perhaps revengeful the impression to maintain the law, and then, through be commenced some time next week "PECULIAR IN THAT WAY." IT APPEARS that some people who re acquainted with the Rev. Sam Small, who is pretty broadly accused f appropriating the funds of the proosed Methodist University at Ogden to is own use, are not smitten with surrise over the damaging allegations made against him. The following statement on this point has appeared in an vanston correspondence of the mornng anti-"Mormon” organ of this city: "There is an acquaintance of Rev. Sam. mall living here who is not surprised at e dispatch to the effect that he is susected of misusing the University funds. e says it has not been very long ago ce Mr. Small bought $500 worth of verware from the American Jewelry mpany of Cincinnati and could not pay rit. The company sued him and Rev. m Jones and Dr. Joyce settled the Duble. Mr. Small is peculiar in that culiar way." ANNIVERSARY OF A HISTORICAL EVENT. In a an attempt was also made on the life of MODERN REVIVAL OF CATHOLICISM. Secretary Seward. A WARLIKE ASPECT. NEWS of an exciting character continues to find its way across the Atlantic. Russian troops are being concentrated on the frontiers of Gallicia. This is one of the northeast provinces of Austria and adjoins Russian territory. What the ultimate aim of Russia is can only be conjectured at present. The dispatches from London speak harshly of Russia. One suys: Booth was pursued and overtaken at THE Roman Catholic Church is exa barn on Garrett's farm, near port hibiting unusual activity. This is Royal, on the Rappahanock River, and specially noticeable in its operations was there shot while attempting to es- on the American continent, where the cape. efforts of the great organization amount to the conditions of a revival. A dispatch in this issue indicates the sleepless vigilance displayed in seizing every opportunity for an increase of prestige and power. After Emperor Dom Pedro, of Brazil, was deposed by a revolutionary process, and a popular form of government established, the new republic requested recognition from the Pope. The Pontiff replied that the request should be granted upon one condition-that the government recognize Catholicism as the religion of the State. Church being dominant in Brazil, this The Catholic concession was made to the Pope. Now the latter is following up the vantage ground by inaugurating a complete reorganization of the church in that country. "If Russia wished to pursue unobserved her plans for a new campaign in the Balkans, she had better have held the hands of her agents who murdered M. Balticheff week before last. The people may look on idly at the movements or reported movements of troops, but planned political assassination, with a prime minister as the intended victim, engages attention." The revival of Catholicism and the majority have expressed in favor of the assembling of such a conclave. It is consequently announced that such a gathering will soon be called. THIS day, April 14th, is the 26th It will be remembered that while ■niversary of one of the saddest and walking on the streets of Sofia two reconstruction of the organization is to st inexcusable tragedies ever enacted weeks ago, Balticheff the Bulgarian extend-so it is stated-to all the South American history-the assassination Minister of Finance was assassinated. American countries. In response to a Abraham Lincoln. It occurred at He was in company at the time with request from the Pope to the Bishops e moment of triumph over rebellion, Stambouloff the Prime Minister. It is in those nations for opinions as to the d when the last vestige of slavery said that the latter was the intended advisability of holding an ecclesiastical as wiped from the Republic. Jeffer- victim, but the other became the council similar to that held in BaltiDavis had fled from Richmond, actual one. It was stated then, as now more a year ago last November, a d Lincoln was received in that city repeated in the dispatches, that Rust a short time before his deplorable sian agents planned the affair, and d. Lee's army had been disbanded. that Stambouloff should be removed -neral Sherman had Johnston's so as to further Russian interests in ces so situated that negotiations for Bulgaria. In fact, it is alleged, that This proposed council will be looked Trender were already in progress. if Stambouloff were removed Russia forward to locally with some interest verything looked auspicious for the would assume control of Bulgaria. by those who have noted with closetion, and Lincoln was glad. All great powers of Europe are ness the operations of the Catholic ous mood he and his cabinet visited puzzled as to what are Russian aims. church in recent years. About two rd's Theatre on the evening of Good Germany is watching closely the years ago Cardinal Gibbons published iday, April 14, 1865. Lincoln oc- movements in the East. Austria be- a book entitled "Our Christian Heritpied a box overlooking the stage. gins to be alarmed. Her territory is age." In this volume he endeavored e was accompanied by Mrs. Lincoln, likely to be made a battlefield, to define, from his standpoint, some of jor Rathbone and Mrs. Harris. in which other powers would of neces- the conditions which threatened the neral Grant was expected to be sity become involved. Russia's ob- existence of the republic. In his estisent that evening also, but being jective point is now, as formerly, Con- mation the most conspicuous of these led from the city, he could not at-stantinople. Here she would come in were five in number. First on direct contact with Great Britain. It the list he placed the existAt fifteen minutes past ten John was always the policy of England, and ence of "Mormonism." His standlkes Booth stealthily entered the it is one of her interests to adhere to point was based upon the perpetuation, from the vestibule, closing and that policy in this case, to maintain as a part of the religion of the Saints king the door behind him. In his Turkey intact. She now virtually of the plural marriage system, which ht hand he held a pistol, owns Egypt, and naturally enough he held to be dangerous to the Ameridagger. that arouses the jealousy of Russia. = fired and shot the President The East Indians are becoming rather ough the back of the head. Rathme seized Booth, but the latter used dagger, and got away, shouting: semper tyrannis. He fell on the From the present aspect of affairs it ge, but recovering himself, he shout- looks as if the inevitable struggle be"the South is avenged." tween England and Russia would come incoln never regained conscious- at last, and that this conflict may in8, and died nine hours after the volve the question of supremacy in al shot was fired. On the same night' Asia as well as in Europe. d. d in his left a turbulent and discontented. Perhaps can home. The ecclesiastical council held at Baltimore in 1889 adopted a report embodying the same views-and almost the identical language—as those expressed in this direction by Cardinal Gibbons. This attack of the Catholic Church upon the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints was unexpected, as hitherto the great ecclesiastical body had left a monopoly of such business gret which was read. He suggested. making farming interests the basis of discussion, for the simple reason that to the Protestant sects. Cardinal Gib-1 No considerable influx of Jewish J. M. Rusk, the Secretary of Agribons had the generosity, however, to working people would be admitted culture, also forwarded a letter of redenounce the prevalent vice of the within the confines of any of these nation which he called consecutive nations without manifestations of hospolygamy-the divorcing of one wife tility on the part of the populace. in order to marry another. He defined But the condition of the millions of all national prosperity depended on this brutal phase of society as immeas-Jews in Russia is becoming more agriculture. urably worse in his estimation than and more unbearable, and no Charles Francis Adams in his letter "Mormon polygamy." Now that method of escape from it appears stated there was already too much there will be in the modern re- practicable, except migration. As tampering in the way of legislation vival of Catholicism, numbers of this situation becomes intensified in with internal affairs. ecclesiastical councils in this as well as Russia, the aspect of affairs in Pales other countries, it will be interesting to observe whether or not the Catholic Church will resume the toleration toward the "Mormon” Church which characterized its course up to the last two or three years. Since the issuar ce of the manifesto by President Wilford Woodruff and its adoption by the general assembly of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, the feature to which Cardinal Gibbons and the Baltimore ecclesiastical council excepted has been removed. Hence there remains not the shadow of a basis for any future assault from the Catholic Church. Should any such action be taken it would simply make it clear that it arose from the existence among Catholic authorities of the spirit of religious intolerance. tine becomes more and more inviting The freer civilized nations will prob- WESTERN STATES COMMERCIAL CONGRESS. A CONGRESS of a rather peculiar character is now being held at Kansas City. It is officially denominated the Western States Commercial Congress. Sixteen Western States and Territories The Catholic ecclesiastical power is and eight Southern States are represeeking and obtaining increased pres-sented. The Congress was called to tige, and it is significant that the order by Senator Kelly, of Kansas, who American continent should be its most was subsequently eiected chairman. active field. This is especially so in the In his speech of acceptance of the Republic of the United States, where, latter honor, he attributed the deowing to the power it is capable of pressed condition of agriculture to a exercising in the field of politics, it is lack of the circulating medium. His making strong head way. In this plan of relief is the free coinage of silnation votes have a magical potency. ver and the raising of silver money to a gold standard. DESTINY OF THE JEWS. AN INSCRUTABLE Providence is operating to bring to pass that which has been predicted by inspiration relative to the Jewish race, in the latter times. The press dispatches announce that a ukase has recently been issued by the Czar, applicable to Jew. ish workmen in Russian cities, which prohibits them from residing outside of the Jewish quarters. To such as own property, two years is given in which to dispose of it, or to make necessary arrangements for removing to the prescribed district. Those who do not own property outside the Jewish quarters, must remove there within one year. Governor Francis, of Missouri, made a speech pregnant with suggestions for the political observer. He said the holding of this congress marked a new era in the internal industry of the country; that heretofore all Federal legislation was in the interest of the Eastern States; that the West was discriminated against and a protective tariff imposed on it, for the benefit of New England. He also said that the West wanted free trade with the world, and the Mississippi River connected with Lake Michigan. The currency he thinks is too much tinkered with. Combinations and trusts if left alone by government would do no harm. To government interference he attribute all the political and commercial evil of the past twenty-five years. H. H. Thurber, of New York, in similar letter, says that trusts wer beneficial to producer and alike. consumet The chairman, Mr. Kelly, as also Governor Francis, of Missouri, rel marked that Federal legislation wa heretofore entirely in the interest New England and Pennsylvania Doubtless the belief prevails in the West and South that such is the case. Governor Francis says that in the early history of the country the present s satisfaction would result in revolte In our day, he thinks that deliberatio and discussion will accomplish whe would have required arms to effect in the past. But he seems to think that the step just taken is not preliminary to revolution. Acccording to the u terances made there, it is. The New Fngland States are not represented in that Congress. They are regarded in the same light that the Washington revolutionists viewed Great Britain. The West, it is said, is enslaved and taxed for the benefit of the East. This is a serious charge. President Harrison and Grover Cleveland stand almost on a common platform in relation to financial issues. No letter has been read at the Con gress from Cleveland, but his views are well known. Harrison ought to be classed as a Western man, but his views are not in harmony with the prevailing sentiment of the Congress, Ohio and Indiana are represented, but to what extent these States will en dorse free silver and free trade is not clear. In the post they opposed both. The present commercial Congress in Kansas City suggests the question whether old party lines are not likely to be effaced. Is the next campaign to be a sectional one, with free silver and A letter of regret for being unable to attend, was read, from President Harrison. In it he alludes to the necessity of an enlarged market for farm produce, and suggests the idea of building The Czar thus virtually imprisons up a home market. He also alludes to the Jews of Russian cities, and they the currency and says "that any dol-free trade only ostensible issues? Is must submit or migrate. And whither lar, paper or coin, issued by the United shall they go? In England the work-States must be made and kept in its ing classes would oppose their advent commercial use as good as any other determinedly. The same may be said dollar." This sentence forms the key of most if not all the other European to his whole financial policy and to the countries, and of the United States. policy of his administration. this the entering wedge which is likely to divide the United States into several sovereign empires? If not, the present commercial Congress iu Kansas City is guilty of a foul libel on the Congress is merely the protector and paternalist of Washington, when it says the latter of New England. THE LOCAL FINANCIAL SITUATION. be cautious, makes money close, and Mr. Hall seemed perplexed on the inevitably brings disappointment to subject, and intimated in pretty broad SPEAKING of the Territory at large, some who have been engaged in spec- terms that the financial operthe local financial situation is peculiar, ulation. For some time to come, prob-ations of the city government had and it would be well for the people to ably, work will not be as abundant, not been conducted systematically; on study it, and trim sail in accordance nor wages as high as was the case last the contrary, they had been conspicuwith prevailing winds. A wholesale year, and business houses which are ous for a sort of reckless helter-skeltermerchant of this city recently stated judiciously conducted, will endeavor ism. He held that the Council had that his establishment alone cou'd to curtail the amount of credit extend- been required to exercise a great deal drive a number of country stores ed to patrons, and economize their of faith in the finance committee, statin the Territory into bankruptcy. financial strength. ing, at the same time, that men could Other business men to whom Individuals should govern them- not "live by faith alone." the remark has been repeated have ex-selves in accordance with prevailing The statement of Mr. Lynn to the pressed the belief that there was, un-conditions. It is not a good time to en- effect that the money to be obtained fortunately, too much truth in it. The gage in airy speculation, but the indi- from the sale of the bonds was to pay eason for such a situation is this: The cations offer strong inducement to for work done on the Parley's conduit, stablishment referred to supplies near-legitimate enterprises and industries, brings into prominence an incident y all the country stores in the Terri- and such investments can and should that occurred during the proceedings ory with a certain line of goods, and be made and encouraged. In this con- of the same session almost immediatearries many of them on its books for nection it is proper to call attention to ly preceding the discussion. This was onsiderable amounts. In nearly every the sugar factory in Utah County. It the appointment, on recommendation ase payments were over due, and has already been a remarkable stimu of the Board of Public Works, of Mr. should the wholesale house bring alus to industry and enterprise in the T. J. Williams as inspector of brickudden and unexpected pressure to region in which it is located. It has work connected with the conduit reear upon the retailers, the latter would provided employment for hundreds of ferred to, at a salary of $125 a month. Ind it almost impossible to respond, persons, including the workmen who Was the payment of this salary one wing to the scarcity of money. are engaged in erecting the plant, and of. the expenditures which make the promises well for the farmers who are sale of the bonds necessary? What sowing and cultivating beets. Should need is there for the creation of such supply of the latter prove an office as that to which Mr. Wilsmall it will be a calamiliams has been appointed? The work and the farmers should which it is presumed it becomes his exert themselves to meet the demand. duty to inspect, is to be performed Here is labor for a numerous class, which is sure to bring quick and profitable returns. The monetary stringency felt in this ity since the holidays, has been remarkable, but has not been as severe as In some of the smaller towns. In this city nothing is being done by way of starting a number of enterrises and buildings that were talked f last fall as fully determined upon nd arranged to be pushed this spring. In North Salt Lake and other portions of the city, street railroads were to be laid, manufactories established and important improvements inaugurated, of which nothing is now being heard, and not a few mechanics are idle. the too ty, There is need for conservatism, but not for apprehension. Money is said to be slightly easier in this city, and most of the banks are meeting the more moderate requirements of their customers. This, it is hoped, will soon spread an ameliorating influence over the Territory, and with the improved prospects for good crops in the fall, through the late copious snowfalls, will tend to relieve the monetary stringency. But indebtedness should not be incurred in expectation of an immediate return of flush times, and the man who owes the least will likely sleep soundest for some time to come. And yet a gloomy view of the out- That the laboring classes, particular CITY BONDS. THE discussion in the City Council ly in this city, do not lack confidence, on Tuesday, April 13th, evoked by the is indicated by the recent action of the recommendation of the committee on hod carriers, in agreeing to demand a finance to dispose of an additional scale of wages varying from $3 to $3.50 $200,000 worth of the bonds of the corper day of eight hours. under contract. Those who have undertaken it are under bonds, or ought to be, for the faithful execution of it. Why, then, should there be a special officer appointed to inspect the work as it proceeds? Is it because the posi tions of the members of the Board of Public Works are mere sinecures? Is it to be understood that these gentlemen are to merely draw their salaries and do their work by deputy? Is it not the duty also of the city engineer to see that contracts for public work of this character are adequately fulfilled? These are questions to which an afflicted and tax-burdened people have a right to require satisfactory and intelligent answers. During the discussion, Mr. Hall intimated that a portion, at least, of his deep anxiety regarding the financial policy of the city government, was that the terms of some of the members of the Council would in all likelihood expire at an early date. In mentioning expiration of official terms in this connection, he made a mistake. He without doubt referred to the probabilporation, was somewhat racy. Mr. ity of the courts of this Territory subThere is good ground for confidence, Pembroke wished to know for what | jecting six interloping alleged officials, but it should not be carried beyond purpose the money was wanted. He who hold seats in that body, to a prothe limits of caution and conservatism. was informed that it was required to cess of expulsion. No panic, nor serious financial col-pay for the Parley's Creek conduit and lapse is indicated by any observable for "other purposes." This seemed to signs. But the "boom" is dying away satisfy the interrogator, but will proband values are settling to a permanent ably not have that effect on the taxlevel. Such a process causes capital to'paying public. We cannot understand how it is that a man like Mr. Hall can, with the views that he evidently entertains on the subject of his title to office, remain in his position for a moment |