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School at Spremberg in 1861; 68, old Evangelical Rectorate School at Luedenscheid, secondary Burgher School in 1862; 69, secondary Burgher School at Neustadt-Eberswalde in 1862; 70, Progymnasium at Gnesen in 1863, Gymnasium in 1865; 71, Real School, second order, at Essen in 1864; 72, Luisenstadt Gymnasium at Berlin in 1864; 73, Sophia Gymnasium at Berlin in 1865; 74, Luisenstadt Technical School, Real School, second order, at Berlin, 1865; 75, secondary Institute at Jauer, Gymnasium in 1865.

IX. SUMMARY OF GYMNASIUMS AND REAL-SCHOOLS ACCORDING TO PROVINCES.

I. PROVINCE OF PRUSSIA.

A. GYMNASIUMS.

a. Government of Königsberg: 1, Königsberg, Frederic College; 2, at the same, old City Gymnasium; 3, at the same, Kneiphoff Gymnasium; 4, Memel; 5, Braunsberg Catholic Gymnasium; 6, Rastenburg; 7, Hohenstein; 8, Roessel, Catholic.

b. Government of Gumbinnen: 9, Gumbinnen; 10, Insterburg; 11, Tilsit; 12, Lyck.

c. Government of Danzig: 13, Danzig; 14, Neustadt, Catholic; 15, Elbing; 16, Marienburg.

d. Government of Marienwerder: 17, Marienwerder; 18, Culm, Catholic; 19, Thorn: 20, Conitz, Catholic; 21, Deutsch-Kroue, Catholic.

II. PROVINCE OF BRANDENBURG.

a. City of Berlin: 1, Gymnasium of the Gray Convent; 2, Joachimsthal Gymnasium; 3, Frederic Wilhelm Gymnasium; 4, French Gymnasium; 5, Frederic Werder Gymnasium; 6, Frederic Gymnasium; 7, Wilhelm Gymnasium; 8, Coeln Real Gymnasium; 9, Louisenstadt Gymnasium; 10, Sophia Gymnasium.

b. Government of Potsdam: 11, Potsdam; 12, Brandenburg Gymnasium; 13, Brandenburg Academy of Knights; 14, Spandau; 15, New Ruppin; 16, Prenzlau.

c. Government of Frankfurt: 17, Frankfurt; 18, Landsberg; 19, Königsberg; 20, Zullichau Pedagogium; 21, Gaben; 22, Sorau; 23, Cottbus; 24, Luckau.

III. PROVINCE OF POMERANIA.

a. Government of Stettin: 1, Stettin; 2, Anclam; 3, Pyritz; 4, Stargard; 5, Greiffenberg; 6, Treptow.

b. Government of Coeslin: 7, Coeslin; 8, Colberg, Cathedral Gymnasium; 9, New Stettin; 10, Stolp.

c. Government of Stralsund: 11, Stralsund; 12, Greifswald; 13, Putbus, Pedagogium.

IV. PROVINCE OF SILESIA.

a. Government of Breslau: 1, Breslau, Elizabeth Gymnasium; 2, Breslau, Magdalen Gymnasium; 3, Breslau, Frederick Gymnasium; 4, Breslau, Matthias Gymnasium; 5, Oels; 6, Brieg; 7, Schweidnitz; 8, Glatz, Catholic.

b. Government of Liegnitz: 9, Liegnitz, Academy of Knights; 10, Liegnitz, Gymnasium; 11, Jauer; 12, Glogau, Evangelical Gymnasium; 13, Glogau, Catholic Gymnasium: 14, Sagan, Catholic; 15, Bunzlau; 16, Goerlitz; 17, Lauban; 18, Hirschberg.

c. Government of Oppeln: 19, Oppeln, Catholic; 20, Neisse, Catholic; 21, Gleiwitz, Catholic; 22, Leobschutz, Catholic; 23, Ratibor.

V. PROVINCE OF POSEN.

a. Government of Posen: 1, Posen, Frederic Wilhelm Gymnasium; 2, Posen, Mary Gymnasium, Catholic; 3, Lissa; 4, Krotoschin; 5, Ostrowo, Cath. b. Government of Bromberg: 6, Bromberg; 7, Inowraclaw, Cath. and Prot.; 8, Gnesen, C. and P.; 9, Schrimm, C. and P.

VI. PROVINCE OF SAXONY.

a Government of Magdeburg: 1, Magdeburg, Pedagogium at the Convent of

Our Lady; 2, the same, Cathedral Gymnasium; 3, Snedal; 4, Seehausen; 5, Salzwedel; 6, Halberstadt; 7, Wernigerode; 8, Quedlinburg; 9, Burg. b. Government of Merseburg: 10, Merseburg, Cathedral Gymnasium; 11, Halle, Pedagogium; 12, Latin School; 13, Wittenberg; 14, Torgau; 15, Eisleben; 16, Naumburg, Cathedral Gymnasium; 17, Pforta; 18, Rossleben, Convent School; 19, Zeits, Convent Gymnasium.

c. Government of Erfurt: 20, Erfurt, C. and P.; 21, Muehlhausen; 22, Heiligenstadt, Catholic; 23, Nordhausen; 24, Schleusingen.

VII. PROVINCE OF WESTPHALIA.

a. Government of Münster: 1, Münster, Catholic; 2, Warendorf, Catholic: 3, Rheine, Catholic; 4, Burgsteinfurt; 5, Coesfeld, Catholic; 6, Recklinghausen, Catholic.

b. Government at Minden: 7, Minden; 8, Herford; 9, Bielefeld; 10, Gütersloh; 11, Paderborn, Catholic.

c. Government of Arnsberg: 12, Arnsberg, Catholic; 13, Brilon, Catholic; 14, Soest; 15, Hamm; 16, Dortmund.

VIII. PROVINCE OF THE RHINE, AND THE HOHENZOLLERN Country.

a. Government of Cologne: 1, Cologne, Gymnasium at Marzellen, Catholic; 2, Cologne, Gymnasium at the Apostles, Catholic; 3, Cologne, Frederic Wilhelm Gymnasium; 4, Bedburg, Academy of Knights, Catholic; 5, Bonn, Catholic; 6, Muenstereifel, Catholic.

b. Government of Dusseldorf: 7, Dusseldorf, Catholic; 8, Elberfeld; 9, Barmen; 10, Duisburg; 11, Essen, sim.; 12, Wesel; 13, Emmerich, Catholic; 14, Cleve; 15, Kempen, Catholic; 16, Neuss, Catholic.

c. Government of Coblenz: 17, Coblenz, Cathedral; 18, Wetzlar; 19, Kreuznach.

d. Government of Aix-la-Chapelle: 20, Aix-la-Chapelle, Catholic; 21, Dueren, Catholic.

e. Government of Treves: 22, Treves, Cathedral; 23, Saarbruecken.

f. Hohenzollern: 24, Hedingen, Catholic.

B. PROGYMNASIUMS.

I. PROVINCE OF BRANDENBURG.

Government of Potsdam: 1, Charlottenburg, Pedagogium; 2, Freienwalde. II. PROVINCE OF POMERANIA.

Government of Stettin: Demmin.

III. PROVINCE OF SILESIA.

Government of Liegnitz: Bunzlau, Inst. of Orphan Home.

IV. PROVINCE OF POSEN.

Government of Bromberg: Schneidemuehl, sim., (for both denominations.) V. PROVINCE OF SAXONY.

Government of Merseburg: Donndorf, Convent School.

VI. PROVINCE OF WESTPHALIA.

Government of Münster: 1, Dorsten, Cath.; 2, Vreden, Cath.

Government of Minden: 3, Warburg, Cath.; 4, Rietberg, Cath.

Government of Arnsberg: 5, Attendorn, Cath.

VII. PROVINCE OF THE RHINE AND HOHENZOLLERN.

Government of Cologne: 1, Mulheim-am-Rhein, C. and P.; 2, Siegburg, Cath. ; 3, Wipperfuerth, Cath.; 4, Kerpen, Cath.

Government of Dusseldorf: 5, Moers; 6, M. Gladbach, Cath.

Government of Coblenz: 7, Andernach, Cath.; 8, Linz, Cath.; 9, Trarbach; 10, Neuwied.

Government of Aix-la-Chapelle: 11, Erkelenz, Cath.; 12, Zuelich, Cath.
Government of Treves: 13, Pruem, Cath.; 14, Sanct. Wendel, sim.

C. REAL SCHOOLS OF THE FIRST ORDER.

I. PROVINCE OF PRUSSIA.

Government of Königsberg: 1, Königsberg i. P., City Real-School; 2, the same, Burgher-School.

Government of Gumbinnen: 3, Insterburg, Real-School class of the Gymnasium; 4, Tilsit.

Government of Danzig: 5, Danzig, St. John's School; 6, Danzig, St. Peter's School; 7, Elbing.

Government of Marienwerder: 8, Thorn, Real-School classes of the Gymnasium.

II. PROVINCE OF BRANDENBURG.

City of Berlin: 1, Royal Real-Schoo.; 2, Louisenstadt Real-School; 3, Königstadt Real-School; 4, Dorotheenstadt Real-School; 5, Frederic RealSchool.

Government of Potsdam: 6, Potsdam; 7, Brandenburg, Soldern Real-School; 8, Perleberg; 9, Wittstock.

Government of Frankfurt: 10, Frankfurt; 11, Landsberg on the Werta, RealSchool classes at Gymnasium.

III. PROVINCE OF POMERANIA.

Government of Stettin: 1, Stettin, Frederic Wilhelm School.

Government of Coeslin: 2, Colberg, Real-School classes at Cathedral Gymna

sium.

Government of Stralsund: 3, Stralsund.

IV. PROVINCE OF SILESIA.

Government of Breslau: 1, Breslau, Real-School of h. g.; 2, the same, RealSchool of the Zwinger, sim.

Government of Liegnitz: 3, Gruenberg, Frederic Wilhelm School: 4, Goerlitz; 5, Landshut.

Government of Oppeln: 6, Neisse, C. and P.

V. PROVINCE OF POSEN.

Government of Posen: 1, Posen, sim.; 2, Meseritz; 3, Fraustadt; 4, Rawicz. Government of Bromberg: 5, Bromberg, C. and P.

VI. PROVINCE OF SAXONY.

Government of Magdeburg: 1, Magdeburg, Secondary Technical and Commercial School; 2, Halberstadt; 3, Aschersleben.

Government of Merseburg: 4, Halle.

Government of Erfurt: 5, Erfurt, C. and P.; 6, Nordhausen.

VII. PROVINCE OF WESTPHALIA.

Government of Münster: 1, Münster, Cath.; 2, Burgsteinfurt, Real-School classes at Gymnasium.

Government of Minden: 3, Minden, Real-School classes at Gymnasium. Government of Arnsberg: 4, Dortmund, Real-School classes at Gymnasium; 5, Lippstadt; 6, Hagen; 7, Siegen.

VIII. PROVINCE OF THE RHINE AND HOHENZOLLERN.

Government of Cologne: 1, Cologne, Real-School, C. and P.; 2, the same, RealSchool classes at the Frederic Wilhelm Gymnasium.

Government of Dusseldorf: 3, Dusseldorf, sim.; 4, Duisburg, Real-School classes at Gymnasium; 5, Mühlheim; 6, Ruhrort; 7, Elberfeld; 8, Barmen, Real-School classes at Gymnasium.

Government of Aix-la-Chapelle: 9, Aix-la-Chapelle, C. and P.
Government of Treves: 10, Treves, C. and P.

D. REAL-SCHOOLS OF THE SECOND ORDER.

I. PROVINCE OF PRUSSIA.

Government of Königsberg: 1, Wehlau.

Government of Marienwerder: 2, Graudenz.

II. PROVINCE OF BRANDENBURG.

City of Berlin: 1, Frederic Werder Technical School; 2, Louisenstadt Technical School.

Government of Potsdam: 3, Prenzlau, Real-School classes at Gymnasium. Government of Frankfurt: 4, Cüstrin; 5, Lübben.

III. PROVINCE OF POMERANIA.

Government of Stralsund: 1, Greifswalde, Real-School classes at Gymnasium. IV. PROVINCE OF WESTPHALIA.

Government of Minden: 1, Bielefeld, Real-School classes at Gymnasium.

V. PROVINCE OF THE RHINE AND HOHENZOLLERN.

Government of Dusseldorf: 1, Essen, C. and P.; 2, Crefeld.

I. PROVINCE OF PRUSSIA.

E. HIGHER BURGHER-SCHOOLS.

Government of Königsberg: 1, Pillau.

1818. 1866.

Government of Danzig: 2, Jenkau, Pedagogium.

Government of Marienwerder: 3, Culm, sim.; 4, Marienwerder Frederic School. II. PROVINCE OF BRANDENBURG.

City of Berlin: 1, Stralau, secondary Burgher-School.

Government of Potsdam: 2, Neustadt-Eberswalde.
Government of Frankfort: 3, Crossen; 4, Spremberg.

III. PROVINCE OF POMERANIA.

Government of Cocslin: 1, Lauenberg; 2, Stolp, Burgher-School joined to Gymnasium.

IV. PROVINCE of SILESIA.

Government of Oppeln: 1, Kreuzburg; 2, Neustadt in Upper Silesia.

V. PROVINCE OF SAXONY.

Government of Merseburg: 1, Torgau, Real-School classes at Gymnasium; 2,

Delitzsch.

Government of Erfurt: 3, Langensalza.

VI. PROVINce of WestpHALIA.

Government of Arnsberg: 1, Luedenscheid.

VII. PROVINCE OF THE RHINE AND HOHENZOLLERN.

Government of Cologne: 1, Mülheim.

Government of Dusseldorf: 2, Crefeld, Cath.; 3, M. Gladbach; 4, Rheidt; 5,

Solingen; 6, Lennep.

Government of Coblenz: 7, Neuwie.

Government of Aix-la-Chapelle: 8, Eupen; 9, Duren.

Government of Treves: 10, Saarlouis, C. and P.
Hohenzollern: 11, Hechingen, Cath.

PROGRESSIVE DEVELOPMENT OF SECONDARY SCHOOLS.

In presenting comparative statistics, the basis of three different years will be taken: 1818 as the year in which the reorganization of gymnasiums (begun in 1812) was completed; 1832 as the year in which the instructions for final examinations at real and higher burgher-schools were issued; and 1859 as the year in which the programmes of instruction and examination of the same schools were promulgated.

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The increase in the number of gymnasiums indicates, mostly, an increase by the establishment of new or the division of old institutions; there are but few instances of decrease and change in their confessional relations. Two of the gymnasiums in the province of Saxony became higher burgher-schools, one of which has since been reorganized as a gymnasium; one school in the province of Posen was closed in 1863 for political reasons. The Academy of Knights of Brandenburg was also temporarily closed, (1849-1856.) The mixed (for different religious confessions) gymnasium of the city of Posen was in 1834 divided into two, one for Protestants and the other for Catholics. The Evangelical gymnasium at Erfurt was opened for both confessions in 1819. The mixed gymnasiums at Heiligenstadt and Düsseldorf became Catholic in 1841, respectively, 1854. The Evangelical gymnasium at Wetzlar was conducted for pupils of both confessions from 1843 to 1855. The greatest absolute increase was in the Rhine province, (14.) Of the 15 gymnasiums in the province of Brandenburg in 1818, five belonged to Berlin; and of the 24 gymnasiums it has at present, 10 belong to that city.

The total number of Catholic gymnasiums in the kingdom has in the above period increased from 17 to 39, which is larger than the increase of Protestant gymnasiums in the state.

While the gymnasiums are firmly established, and with very few changes develop slowly but steadily, the progymnasiums are exposed to continual modifications.

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Some changed by a combination with a gymnasium, (20;) others are transformed into real-schools (1) or burgher-schools, (4;) one in the Rhine province was dissolved. Throughout the period from 1832 to 1866 were established 29 new progymnasiums, while 26 changed their form as stated above, giving an absolute increase in number of three.

C.-Real-schools.-The statistics of real-schools must necessarily be compared for two periods: First, from 1832 to 1859; second, from 1859 to 1866. This class of schools also shows manifold changes.

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