where he had shocked them at first, to see what slaughter there was made. But ambassador Lockhart went into the camp as fast as he could, to write his letters to England, for what great service he had done, which was just nothing. Marshal Turenne and Majorgeneral Morgan brought the armies close to invest Dunkirk again, and to carry on the approaches. The Marquis de Leda happened to be in the counterscarp, and received an accidental shot, whereof he died; and the whole garison being discouraged at his death, came to capitulate in few days; so the town was surrendered, and ambassador Lockhart marched into it with two regiments of English for a garison; but Major-general Morgan kept the field, with Marshal Turenne, with his other four regiments of English.

The next siege was Bergen St. Winock, six miles from Dunkirk, which Marshal Turenne beleaguered with the French army, and the four regiments of English; and, in four or five days siege, Bergen St. Winock was taken upon capitulation. Marshal Turennne did rest the army for two days after, and then resolved to march through the heart of Flanders, and take what towns he could, that campaign.

The next town we took was Furnes, the next Menin, after that Oudenard; and, in a word, eight towns, besides Dunkirk and Ypres; for, so soon as the red-coats came near the counterscarp, there was nothing but a capitulation, and a surrender presently. All the towns we took were towns of strength.

The last siege we made was before the city of Ypres, where the Prince de Ligny had cast himself in before, for the defence of that city, with two thousand five-hundred horse and dragoons: Besides, there were in the city four-thousand burghers, all proper young men, under their arms, so that the garison did consist of sixthousand five-hundred men. Marshal Turenne sent in a summons, which was answered with a defiance: Then Marshal Turenne broke ground, and carried on two approaches towards the counterscarp: Major-general Morgan went into the approaches every night, for fear of any miscarriage by the English, and came out of the approaches at sun-rising to take his rest, for then the soldiers had done working. The fourth morning, Major-general Morgan went to take his rest in his tent, but, within half an hour afterwards, Marshal Turenne sent a nobleman to him, to desire him to come to speak with him. When the Major-general came, there were above a hundred noblemen and officers of the army walking about his tent. And his gentlemen had decked a room for his excellency with his sumpter-cloaths, in which homely place there were about twenty officers of the army with him; but, as soon as Major-general Morgan came, Marshal Turenne desired all of them to retire, for he had something to communicate to the Major-general. The room was immediately cleared, and Marshal Turenne turned the gentlemen of his chamber out, and shut the door himself. When this was done, he desired the Major-general to sit down by him, and the first news that he spake of, was, that he had certain intelligence, that the Prince of Conde and Don John of

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Austria were at the head of eleven-thousand horse, and four-thousand foot, within three leagues of his camp, and resolved to break through one of our quarters, to relieve the city of Ypres; and therefore he desired Major-general Morgan, to have all the English under their arms every night at sun-set, and the French army should be so likewise. Major-general Morgan replied, and said, That the Prince of Conde and Don John of Austria were great captains, and that they might dodge with Marshal Turenne to fatigue his army.' The Major-general farther said, That, if he did keep the army three nights to that hard shift, they would not care who did knock them on the head.' Marshal Turenne replied, We must do it, and surmount all difficulty.' The Majorgeneral desired to know of his excellency, Whether he was certain the enemy was so near him;' he answered, He had two spies came just from them.' Then Major-general Morgan told him, His condition was somewhat desperate, and said, that a desperate disease must have a desperate cure.' His Excellency asked, 'What he meant?' Major-general Morgan did offer him, to attempt the counterscarp upon an assault, and so put all things out of doubt with expedition. The Major-general had no sooner said this, but Marshal Turenne joined his hands, and looked up thro' the boards towards the heavens, and said, ' Did ever my master, the King of France, or the King of Spain, attempt a counterscarp upon an assault, where there were three half-moons covered with cannon, and the ramparts of the town playing point-blank into the counterscarp: Farther he said, What will the King my master think of if I expose his army to these hazards ?' And he rose up, and fell into a passion, stamping with his feet, and shaking his locks, grinning with his teeth; he said, Major-general Morgan had made him mad. But, by degrees, he cooled, and asked the Major-general, whether he would stay to dinner with him: But the Majorgeneral begged his pardon, for he had appointed some of the officers to eat a piece of beef at his tent that day. His Excellency asked him, If he would meet him at two of the clock, at the opening of the approaches?' The Major-general said, He would be punctual; but desired he would bring none of his train with him (for it was usually a hundred noblemen with their feathers and ribbands) because, if he did, he would have no opportunity, to take a view of the counterscarp; for the enemy would discover them, and fire incessantly. His Excellency said, He would bring none, but two or three of the lieutenant-generals. Major-general Morgan was at the place appointed a quarter of an hour before his Excellency, and then his Excellency came, with eight noblemen, and three lieutenant-generals, and took a place to view the counterscarp: After he had looked a considerable time upon it, he turned about, and looked upon the noblemen and lieutenant-generals, and said, 'I do not know what to say to you, here is Major-general Morgan has put me out of my wits, for he would have me attempt yonder counterscarp upon an assault.' None of the noblemen or lieutenants made any reply to him, but Count Schomberg, saying,

me,

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"My lord, I think Major-general Morgan would offer nothing to your lordship but what he thinks feasible, and he knows he has good fighting men.' Upon this, Marshal Turenne asked Majorgeneral Morgan, How many English he would venture?' The Major-general said, 'That he would venture six-hundred common men, besides officers, and fifty pioneers.' Marshal Turenne said, 'That six-hundred of Monsieur la Ferte's army, and fifty pioneers, and six-hundred of his own army, and fifty pioneers more, would make better than two-thousand men' Major-general Morgan replied, They were abundance to carry it, with God's assistance.' Then

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his Excellency said, he would acquaint the King and his Eminence, that Major-general Morgan had put him upon that desperate design; Major-general Morgan desired his pardon, for it was in his power to attempt it, or not to attempt it: But, in the close, Marshal Turenne said to the Major-general, That he must fall into Monsieur la Ferte's approaches, and that he should take the one half of Monsieur la Ferte's men, and that he would take the other half into his own approaches.' Major-general Morgan begged his pardon, and said, He desired to fall on with the English intire by themselves, without intermingling them.' Marshal Turenne replied, He must fall on, and cut off one of the approaches:' The Major-general replied, That he would fall on in the plain between both approaches." His Excellency said, That he would never be able to endure their firing, but that they would kill half his men, before he could come to the counterscarp;' the Major-general said, That he had an invention, that the enemy should not perceive him, till he had his hands upon the stockadoes.' Next, his Excellency said, For the signal, there shall be a captain of Monsieur la Ferte's, with twenty firelocks, shall leap upon the point, and cry, Sa sa vive le Roy de France; and, upon that noise, all were to fall on together.' But Major-general Morgan opposed that signal, saying, The enemy would thereby be alarmed, and then he should hardly endure their firing.' His Excellency replied then 'That he would give no signal at all, but the Major-general should give it,' and he would not be persuaded otherwise. Then the Major-general desired his Exellency, that he would give orders to them in the approaches, to keep themselves in readiness against sun-set, for, at the shutting of the night, he would fall on: He likewise desired his Excellency, That he would order a major out of his own approaches, and another out of Monsieur la Ferte's approaches, to stand by him; and, when he should be ready to fall on, he would dispatch the two Majors into each of the approaches, that they might be ready to leap out, when the Major-general passed between the two approaches, with the commanded English.* Just at sun-set, Marshal Turenne came himself, and told the Majorgeneral, He might fall on when he saw his own time.' Major-general replied, He would fall on just at the setting of the night, and when the dusk of the evening came on.' The Majorgeneral made the English stand to their arms, and divided them into bodies; a captain at the head of the pioneers, and the Majorgeneral and a colonel, at the head of the two battalions. He ordered

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the two battalions, and the pioneers, each man to take up a long fascine upon their musquets and pikes, and then they were three small groves of wood. Immediately the Major-general commanded the two majors to go to their approaches, and that they should leap out, so soon as they should see the Major-general march between their approaches. The Major-general did order the two battalions, when they came within threescore-of the stockadoes, to slip their fascines, and fall on. But so it happened, that the French never moved out of their approaches, till such time as Major-general Morgan had overpowered the enemy. When the pioneers came within sight of the stockadoes, they slipped the fascines down, and fell on; the Major-general and the other two battalions were close to them, and when the soldiers began to lay their hands on the stockadoes, they tore them down for the length of six score, and leaped pell-mell into the counterscarp amongst the enemy. Abundance of the enemy were drowned in the moat, and many taken prisoners, with two German princes, and the counterscarp cleared. The French were in their approaches all this time. Then the English fell on upon the half-moons, and immediately the red-coats were on the top of them, throwing the enemy into the moat, and turning the cannon upon the town; thus the two halfmoons were speedily taken. After the manning of the half-moons, he did rally all the English, with intention to lodge them upon the counterscarp, that he might be free of the enemy's shot the next morning; and they left the other half-moon for Marshal Turenne's party, which was even before their approaches.

Then the French fell on upon the other half-moon, but were beaten off. The Major-general considered, that that half-moon would gall him in the day-time, and therefore did speak to the officers and soldiers, that it was best to give them a little help; the red-coats cried,Shall we fall on in order, or happy-go-lucky?" The Major-general said, 'In the name of God, at it happy-go-lucky;' and immediately the red-coats fell on, and were on the top of it, knocking the enemy down, and casting them into the moat. When this work was done, the Major-general lodged the English on the counterscarp; they were no sooner lodged, but Marshal Turenne scrambled over the ditches, to find out the Major-general; and, when he met with him, he was much troubled the French did no better, for indeed they did just nothing. Then his Excellency asked the Major-general, to go to his approaches to refresh himself; but the Major-general begged his pardon, and said, 'He would not stir from his post, till he heard a drum beat a parley, and saw a white flag over the walls.' Upon that, Marshal Turenne laughed and smiled, and said, They would not be at that pass in six days, and then went to his approaches, and sent the Majorgeneral three or four dozen bottles of rare wine, with several dishes of cold meats and sweet-meats. Within two hours after sun-rising, a drum beat a parley, and a white flag was seen over the walls. Major-general ordered a lieutenant with a file of musquetiers, and receive the drummer, and to blindfold him, and carry aight to Marshal Turenne in his approaches. Marshal

Turenne came immediately with the drummer's message to the Major-general, and was much troubled he would not receive the message before it came to him. The Major-general replied, That that was very improper, his Excellency being upon the place. The message was to this effect, That, whereas his Excellency had offered them honourable terms in his summons, they were now willing to accept of them, provided they might have their charter, and the privileges of the city preserved: That they had appointed four of their commissioners, to treat farther with four commissioners from his Excellency.' Marshal Tureune was pleased to ask the Major-general, whether he would be one of the commissioners; but the Major-general begged his pardon, and desired that he might abide at his post, till such time as the city was surrendered up. Immediately then his Excellency sent for Count Schomberg, and three other commissioners, and gave them instructions how to treat with the four commissioners from the enemy. Just as Marshal Turenne was giving the commissioners instructions, Majorgeneral Morgan said, That the enemy were hungry, so that they would eat any meat they could have; whereupon his Excellency smiled, and shortened their instructions, and sent them away. Within half an hour, the commissioners had concluded, That they should have the city charter preserved, and that they were to receive a French garison in, and the Prince de Ligny was to march out with all his forces next morning, at nine of the clock, with one piece of cannon, colours flying, bullet in mouth, and a match lighted at both ends, and to have a convoy to conduct him into his own territories. Marshal Turenne was, in the morning betimes, with several noblemen and officers of the army, and Major-general Morgan attending near the gate for the Prince de Ligny's coming out. The Prince having notice that Marshal Turenne was there, came out of his coach. Marshal Turenne, being alighted off from his horse, and the Major-general Morgan, at both their meeting there was a great acclamation, and embracing one another. After a little time, Marshal Turenne told the Prince, He very much admired, that he would expose his person to a garison before a conquering army: The Prince de Ligny replied, That, if Marshal Turenne had left his English in England, he durst have exposed his person into the weakest garison the King of Spain had in Flanders ;' and so they parted, and his Excellency marched into the town with a French garison, and the Major-general with him. So soon as the garison was settled, Marshal Turenne writ his letters to the French King, and his Eminence the Cardinal, how that the city of Ypres was reduced to the obedience of his Majesty, and that he was possessed of it; and that Major-general Morgan was instrumental in that service, and that the English did wonders; and sent the intendant of the army with his letters to the king and cardinal. Monsieur Tallon, the intendant, returned back from the King and Cardinal to the army within eight days, and brought a compliment to Major-general Morgan, that the King and his Eminence the Cardinal did expect to see him at Paris, when he came to his winter