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his difcourfe with obferving, that his text has received two different interpretations. "Whilft fome have expounded it, as relating folely to the tranfcendent excellence of the Gofpel, and have pronounced fuch expofition as alone confiftent with Holy Scripture; others, probably less prejudiced, certainly not lefs folicitous to difcover the truth, have, with at leaft equal weight of argument, and at leaft equally fupported by the analogy of facred writ, confidered it as illustrative of the efficacy of the diftinguishing ordinance of the Gospel, the Sacrament of the Lord's Supper." (P. 2.) He declares his own opinion to coincide with those who fupport the latter illuftration. His fucceeding obfervation we recommend to the notice of the clergy, when they are preparing a fermon for a vifitation.

"To solicit the attention of an assembly of clergymen to abstract speculations, or scholastic subtleties (independent of the vanity to which it is often, however unjustly, attributed) appears to me to be an entire misapplication of time; the very purpose of our assembling on these occasions, being, as I conceive, to excite in us an emulation to discharge our duty in our respective parishes, in such a manner that our several hearers may become wise unto salvation." (P. 3.)

We will give an abstract of Mr. Clapham's arguments in fupport of his hypothesis.

"The Sacrament of the Lord's Supper," Mr. C. says, "I shall briefly consider, as it is evidently apprehended by the compilers of our Evangelical Liturgy, as á Feast upon a Sacrifice." (P. 3.) "The Sacrament of Baptism is a means of grace, and a pledge of assurance, that our original sin is washed away: the Sacrament of the Lord's Supper is the channel through which the remission of our actual transgressions is conveyed." (P. 4.) The Lord's Supper then, when participated with a lively faith, and an ardent desire to do the will of God, conveys pardon to the soul, and delivers the worthy receiver from the punishment which transgression had merited, and justice would inflict." (P. 5.)

"Another promise included in the devout receiving of the Lord's Supper is the assistance of the Holy Spirit. If God will give his Holy Spirit unto them that ask him, may it not be most reasonably expected, that He will more particularly fulfil his gracious promise, when his moral creation are deploring their offences-supplicating grace and support, not only to prevent them from dishonoring Him and debasing themselves, by returning to their iniquity; but also that they may be enabled to live obedient to his will, and devoted to his service? When they are actuated by such dispositions,

dispositions, He then adopts them as his people, and becomes their God. Dwill put my laws into their minds, and write them in their hearts, and I will be their God, and they shall be my people." (P. 6.)

Having fhewn the bleffings arifing from the inftitution, he infers the indifpenfable duty of obferving it; and then offers fome reflections on the very prevailing neglect of it, "which fo highly difgraces the generality of the members, and is fo peculiarly painful to the feelings of the minifters of our ve nerable establishment." (P. 9.)

We defign in a future number to give some extracts from this valuable difcourfe, which will, we doubt not, be read with pleasure; we fhall, therefore, content ourselves at prefent, with the following quotation, from which our readers will be enabled to form a judgment of its ftyle and matter,

"Since our discourses evidently make little impression, the first question we should ask ourselves is, are they intelligible? are they interesting? are they such as every hearer will consider addressed to himself? Should it be objected that the discourses here recommended, would be esteemed personal, and would therefore give offence; Í may be allowed to say in reply, that, afraid as we are to number the multitudes who usually absent themselves from the Lord's table, whilst every man of such want of religious principle felt himself strikingly alluded to, he would perceive, that the same allusion was equally made to the generality of his neighbours; it might, therefore, be hoped, that every man of common sense would applaud his minister for discharging his duty, although in bestowing that applause he condemned himself. But what! should an individual be so unreasonable as to be offended; are we to prefer his approbation to the salvation of those committed to our charge? are we to consider our duty fulfilled, because, solicitous to avoid the incurring of his displeasure, we egregiously fail in persuading our hearers to comply with a Divine command? The threatening of the Almighty by his Prophet, applicable to the subject on which we are treating, comes home to the bosom of eyery clergyman. Woe be unto the pastors that destroy and scatTherefore thus saith ter the sheep of my, pasture, saith the Lord. the Lord God of Israel against the pastors that feed my people; have scattered my flock and driven them away, and have not vi sited them: behold, I will bring upon you the evil of your doings, saith the Lord." (P. 12.)

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Both the tyro and the grave divine may read this difcourfe with edification and advantage.

ESSAYS Scriptural, Moral, and Logical. By W. and T. LUDLAM. Defigned to promote an attention to clearnes of ideas, precifion of expreffion, and accuracy of reasoning, upon these important Jubjects. 2 vol. 8vo. 16s. Wilkie and Robinson. pp. 1009.

T is a fufficient commendation of these Effays to fay, I what, without pledging our agreement in every opinion advanced in them, we can fay with confidence, that they are well calculated to answer the important purpose mentioned in the title-page. Moft of them, if not all, have already appeared in print; yet we think, that the Editor and Publisher have performed a very useful fervice to the public, and we doubt not of its proving a very acceptable one, in republifhing them in this collected form. The Essays by T. Ludlam, are dedicated to the venerable and excellent bishop Hurd, who, it seems, was at the expence of printing the first edition of many of them. As feveral of the Effays of both thefe authors are contained in our work, it will not be neceffary for us to give any fpecimen of their style and manner. We fhall, therefore, merely fubjoin a copy of the Contents of each volume.

VOL. I. By the Rev. WILLIAM LUDLAM.

ESSAY I. On the Scripture Metaphors.-II. On Justice, as an Attribute of God.-III. On Mercy, as an Attribute of God.-IV. On the Doctrine of Satisfaction.-V. On Justification.-VI. On the Influence of the Holy Spirit.-VII. Upon the title "Only begotten," given in Scripture to Christ.-VIII. Upon the History of Cornelius.-IX. Upon Religious Conversation.-X. On the Doctrine of the Church.

By the Rev. THOMAS LUDLAM.

ESSAY I. Upon the Nature of clear Ideas, and the Advantage of distinct Knowledge.-II. Upon the proper Mode of obtaining, as far as is practicable, an Unity of Opinion amongst Christians. III. Upon the proper Mode of attaining an exact Knowledge of Christianity, with a practical Illustration. Part I.-IV. Upon the same subject. Part II.--V. Upon the Nature of Revelation.VI. Upon the Meaning, Use, and Importance of Natural Religion, as furnishing the only possible proof of the Divinity of transmitted Revelation.-VII. Upon the Nature of the Divine Being, as discoverable from his Works or his Word.-VIII. Upon the proper ground of our Affections towards God.-IX. Upon the Nature of, and Reason for, Social Union amongst Mankind.

APPENDIX.

APPENDIX.

Remarks upon some Parts of the Rev. Thomas Robinson's Christian System unfolded."-Remarks upon Mr. Parry's Inquiry into the Nature and Extent of the Inspiration of the Apos tles. Remarks upon Mr. Locke's Paraphrase and Notes on the Epistles of St. Paul.-Remarks upon Mr. Willat's Assize Sermon, (reprinted in the "Scholar Armed") against the Religion of Nature. -Remarks on the Advertisement prefixed to the Third Edition of the Confessional. Remarks upon Fifty Expository Discourses on the Series of Scriptural Passages, which form the Subject of the celebrated Oratorio of Handel; preached in 1804 and 1805, at St. Mary Woolnoth, Lombard Street, by John Newton, Rector.

VOL. II.

ESSAY X. Upon the Curse, mentioned Gal. iii. 13.—XI. Upon the Nature of Divine Providence.-XII. Upon the extraordinary Operations of the Holy Spirit.-XIII. Upon the ordinary Operations of the Holy Spirit.-XIV. Upon the Application of Experience to Religion.-XV. Upon Enthusiasm and Fanaticism. -XVI. Upon the Nature and Extent of the Evidence arising from Experience.-XVII. Upon the Nature of Faith.-XVIII. Upon the Nature, Use, and Operations of the Moral Sense.-XIX. Upon St. Paul's Epistle to the Romans.-XX. Upon Repentance. XXI. Upon the Nature of Human Depravity, and of the Remedy for it revealed in the Gospel.-XXII. Upon the Effects of the Fall. XXIII. Upon the Nature of Human Authority, considered as a Proof of the Truth of Opinion; containing Remarks upon Dr. Knox's Christian Philosophy.-XXIV. Upon the Difference between the Powers and Dispositions of the Human Mind.-XXV. Upon the Nature and Grounds of Moral Obligation; in which Dr. Paley's Notion of the Moral Sense, advanced in his Lectures upon Morality, is fully considered.-XXVI. Upon the word Truth, as used in the Scriptures of the New Testament.-XXVII. On the Nature and Purpose of that Assent, which is implied by subscribing to Articles of Religion.-XXVIII. Upon the original Evidence of Christianity,-XXIX. Upon the Communication of Knowledge.-XXX. Upon the Nature and Use of Abstract Ideas. -XXXI. Upon the difference between Mathematical and Moral Proof.-XXXII. Upon the proper Manner of reconciling apparent Contradictions in Scripture.

APPENDIX.

Remarks upon such Parts of the Rev. John Overton's Apology as concern the Publications of T. Ludlam, A. M.-Remarks on the scurrilous Reflections cast upon the Rev. W. and T. Ludlam by Dr. Milner, Master of Queen's College, Cambridge, and Dean of Carlisle.-Vindication of Mr. Locke against the Mistakes and Misrepresentations of the late Mr. Milner, of Hull; Dr. Horne,

Bishop of Norwich; Mr. Kett, Fellow of Trinity College, Oxford; and Dr. Napleton, Canon of Hereford.-Observations illustrative of Mr. Locke's Treatise upon the Human Understanding; with occasional Remarks on the Writings of the two Scottish Professors, Reid and Stewart, upon the same subject..

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Mr. Thomas Ludlam, the furvivor of this par nobile fra trum, is now in the 81ft year of his age, and is refident at Leicester as Con- Frater (Chaplain) of Wigfton's Hofpital.

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Clarkson's Portraiture of Quakerifm.

(Continued from p. 148.)

Na well known allegory wherein the chriftian life is re prefented as a pilgrimage, the traveller, after encoun tering various difficulties, comes to what is called "the enchanted land," where he is furrounded by an impenetrable mift, and where every thing about him is perplexity and perverfion. We are nearly arrived at a fimilar fituation. All is fwamp, and mift, and vapour. But we muft endeavour to grope our way forwards as well as we can, taking care not to be deceived by profeffions of candour, or to be fulled by exhortations to liberality of fentiment.

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In his introduction to this part of the fubje&t, Mr. Clarkfon befpeaks our confidence, by declaring that he is a man attached to no religious fyftem, and particularly that he is no Quaker. He compliments, it is true, the Church of England, for having rendered great fervice to learning, religion, and good manners. He pays alfo, an equal fháre of refpect to the various tribes of diffenters, and he clofes with advifing his readers to be "very tender in fpeaking of the different fyftems that actuate the Chriftian World."

The phrafe to be fure is quaint enough, but we fhall not at the outfet of our journey be fo very faftidious as to quarrel about a phrafe.. But to the exhortation we demur; not that we have any difpofition to intolerance, or entertain the flightest wish to abridge the religious or civil

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