Equalization shall be to adjust and equalize the valuation of the real and personal property within their respective counties. Each Board shall also perform such other duties as may be prescribed by law.

SEC. 12. Nothing in this Constitution shall be construed to prevent the Legislature from providing a stamp tax, or a tax based on income, occupetion, licenses or franchises.9

ARTICLE XIV.

PUBLIC DEBT.

SECTION 1. To meet casual deficits or failures in revenue. and for nece sary expenditures for public purposes, including the erection of public basi ings, and for the payment of all Territorial indebtedness assumed by the State, the State may contract debts, not exceeding in the aggregate at any one time, an amount equal to one and one-half per centum of the value of the taxable property of the State, as shown by the last assessment for State purposes, previous to the incurring of such intebtedness. But the State sti never contract any indebtedness, except as in the next Section provided a excess of such amount, and all moneys arising from loans herein authorized shall be applied solely to the purposes for which they were obtained,10

SEC. 2. The State may contract debts to repel invasion, suppress inst rection, or to defend the State in war, but the money arising from the c tracting of such debts shall be applied solely to the purpose for which it was obtained.

SEC. 3. No debt in excess of the taxes for the current year shall be created by any county or subdivision thereof, or by any school district there. or by any city, town or village, or any subdivision thereof in this Stat unless the proposition to create such debt, shall have been submitted to 1 vote of such qualified electors as shall have paid a property tax therein, the year preceding such election, and a majority of those voting thereon sh have voted in favor of incurring such debt.

SEC. 4. When authorized to create indebtedness as provided in Section of this Article, no county shall become indebted to an amount, includ existing indebtedness, exceeding two per centum. No city, town, school trict or other municipal corporation, shall become indebted to an amount, cluding existing indebtedness, exceeding four per centum of the value of t taxable property therein, the value to be ascertained by the last assessme for State and County purposes, previous to the incurring of such indebtednes except that in incorporated cities the assessment shall be taken from the assessment for city purposes; provided, that no part of the indebtednes allowed in this section shall be incurred for other than strictly county, chị town or school district purposes; provided further, that any city of the firs and second class when authorized as provided in Section three of this arti may be allowed to incur a larger indebtedness, not to exceed four per t tum, and any city of the third class, or town, not to exceed eight per centur additional, for supplying such city or town with water, artificial lights ✅ sewers, when the works for supplying such water, lights and sewers, s be owned and controlled by the municipality.11

SEC. 5. All monies borrowed by, or on behalf of the State or any le subdivision thereof, shall be used solely for the purpose specified in the b authorizing the loan.

SEC. 6. The State shall not assume the debt, or any part thereof, of :: county, city, town or school district.

SEC. 7. Nothing in this article shall be so construed as to impair or r to the obligation of any debt heretofore contracted, in accordance with th laws of Utah Territory, by any county, city, town or school district. or prevent the contracting of any debt, or the issuing of bonds therefor.

Amendment proposed by the legislature of 1905 and ratified on November 6. 1*** 10 Amendment proposed by the legislature of 1909 and ratified at the election e November 8, 1910.

11 Amendment proposed by the legislature of 1909 and ratified at the rivetje. November 8, 1910.

cordance with said laws, upon any proposition for that purpose, which, acording to said laws, may have been submitted to a vote of the qualified electors any county, city, town or school district before the day on which this onstitution takes effect.

ARTICLE XV.
MILITIA.

SECTION 1. The militia shall consist of all able-bodied male inhabitants the State. between the ages of eighteen and forty-five years, except such are exempted by law.

SEC. 2. The Legislature shall provide by law for the organization, equipent and discipline of the militia, which shall conform as nearly as practicable the regulations for the government of the armies of the United States.

ARTICLE XVI.

LABOR.

SECTION 1. The rights of labor shall have just protection through laws lculated to promote the industrial welfare of the State.

SEC. 2. The Legislature shall provide by law, for a Board of Labor, nciliation and Arbitration, which shall fairly represent the interests of both pital and labor. The Board shall perform duties, and receive compensan as prescribed by law.

SEC. 3. The Legislature shall prohibit:

(1) The employment of women, or of children under the age of fouren years, in underground mines.

(2) The contracting of convict labor.

(3) The labor of convicts outside prison grounds, except on public works der the direct control of the State.

(4) The political and commercial control of employees.

SEC. 4. The exchange of black-lists by railroad companies, or other corrations, associations or persons is prohibited.

SEC. 5. The right of action to recover damages for injuries resulting in th, shall never be abrogated, and the amount recoverable shall not be ject to any statutory limitation.

SEC. 6. Eight hours shall constitute a day's work on all works or underings carried on or aided by the State, County or Municipal governments; the Legislature shall pass laws to provide for the health and safety of ployees in factories, smelters and mines.

SEC. 7. The Legislature, by appropriate legislation, shall provide for the Forcement of the provisions of this article.

ARTICLE XVII.

WATER RIGHTS.

SECTION 1. All existing rights to the use of any of the waters in this te, for any useful or beneficial purpose, are hereby recognized and con

med.

SECTION 1.

ARTICLE XVIII.

FORESTRY.

The Legislature shall enact laws to prevent the destruction and to preserve the Forests on the lands of the State, and upon any part the public domain, the control of which may be conferred by Congress upon

= State.

SECTION 1.

ARTICLE XIX.

PUBLIC BUILDINGS AND STATE INSTITUTIONS.

All Institutions and other property of the Territory, upon the ption of this Constitution, shall become the Institutions and property of

- State of Utah.

SEC. 2. Reformatory and Penal institutions, and those for the benefit of the Insane. Blind, Deaf and Dumb, and such other institutions as the publ good may require. shall be established and supported by the State in si manner, and under such boards of control as may be prescribed by law.

SEC. 3. The Public Institutions of the State are hereby permanenty located at the places hereinafter named, each to have the lands specificart granted to it by the United States, in the Act of Congress, approved July 16th 1894, to be disposed of and used in such manner as the Legislature may po vide:

First-The Seat of Government and the State Fair at Salt Lake Cit and the State Prison in the County of Salt Lake.

Second-The Institutions for the Deaf and Dumb, and the Blind, and the State Reform School at Ogden City, in the County of Weber.

Third:-The State Insane Asylum at Provo City, in the County of Utah

ARTICLE XX.

PUBLIC LANDS.

SECTION 1. All lands of the State that have been, or may hereafter e granted to the State by Congress, and all lands acquired by gifts, grant devise, from any person or corporation, or that may, otherwise be acquire are hereby accepted, and declared to be the public lands of the State; and shall be held in trust for the people, to be disposed of as may be provided by law, for the respective purposes for which they have been or may be granted, donated, devised or otherwise acquired.

ARTICLE XXI.

SALARIES.

SECTION 1. All State, district, city, county, town and school officers. cepting notaries public, boards of arbitration, court commissioners, just of the peace and constables, shall be paid fixed and definite salaries: P vided. That city justices may be paid by salary when so determined by mayor and counsel of such cities.

SEC. 2. The Legislature shall provide by law, the fees which shal collected by all officers within the State. Notaries public, boards of arbi tion, court commissioners, justices of the peace, and constables paid by fes shall accept said fees as their full compensation. But all other State, dis trict, county, city, town and school officers, shall be required by law to ke a true and correct account of all fees collected by them, and to pay th same into the proper treasury, and the officer whose duty it is to colet such fees shall be held responsible under his bond for the same.

ARTICLE XXII.

MISCELLANEOUS.

SECTION 1. The Legislature shall provide by law for the selection each head of a family, and exemption of a homestead, which may consist one or more parcels of lands, together with the appurtenances and impres ments thereon of the value of at least fifteen hundred dollars from sale execution.

SEC. 2. Real and personal estate of every female, acquired before marris. and all property to which she may afterwards become entitled by purchas gift, grant, inheritance or devise, shall be and remain the estate and propert of such female, and shall not be liable for the debts, obligations or engis ments of her husband, and may be conveyed, devised or bequeathed by i as if she were unmarried.

ARTICLE XXIII.

AMENDMENTS.

SECTION 1. Any amendment or amendments to this Constitution may proposed in either house of the Legislature, and if two-thirds of all the me bers elected to each of the two houses, shall vote in favor thereof, such p

SE

ed amendment or amendments shall be entered on their respective journals h the yeas and nays taken thereon; and the Legislature shall cause the ne to be published in at least one newspaper in every county of the State, ere a newspaper is published, for two months immediately preceding the t general election, at which time the said amendment or amendments shall submitted to the electors of the State, for their approval or rejection, and a majority of the electors voting thereon shall approve the same, such endment or amendments shall become part of this Constitution. If two more amendments are proposed, they shall be so submitted as to enable electors to vote on each of them separately.

SEC. 2. Whenever two-thirds of the members, elected to each branch of Legislature, shall deem it necessary to call a convention to revise or end this Constitution, they shall recommend to the electors to vote at the t general election, for or against a convention, and, if a majority of all electors voting at such election, shall vote for a convention, the Legislae. at its next session, shall provide by law for calling the same. The vention shall consist of not less than the number of members in both nches of the Legislature.

SEC. 3. No Constitution, or amendments adopted by such Convention, shall e validity until submitted to, and adopted by, a majority of the electors the State voting at the next general election.

ARTICLE XXIV.

SCHEDULE.

SECTION 1. In order that no inconvenience may arise, by reason of the ge from a Territorial to a State Government, it is hereby declared that writs, actions. prosecutions, judgments, claims and contracts, as well of viduals as of bodies corporate, both public and private, shall continue as to change had taken place; and all process which may issue, under the hority of the Territory of Utah, previous to its admission into the Union, 1 be as valid as if issued in the name of the State of Utah.

SEC. 2. All laws of the Territory of Utah now in force, not repugnant his Constitution, shall remain in force until they expire by their own tations, or are altered or repealed by the Legislature. The act of the ernor and Legislative Assembly of the Territory of Utah, entitled "An to punish polygamy and other kindred offenses," approved February 4th, D. 1892, in so far as the same defines and imposes penalties for polyg. is hereby declared to be in force in the State of Utah.

SEC. 3. Any person, who, at the time of the admission of the State into Inion, may be confined under lawful commitment, or otherwise lawfully to answer for alleged violation of any of the criminal laws of the Terriof Utah, shall continue to be so held or confined, until discharged from by the proper courts of the State.

SEC. 4.

All fines, penalties and forfeitures accruing to the Territory of , or to the people of the United States in the Territory of Utah, shall inure his State, and all debts, liabilities and obligations of said Territory shall be against the State, and enforced as may be provided by law.

SEC. 5. All recognizances heretofore taken, or which may be taken before change from a Territorial to a State Government, shall remain valid, and I pass to and be prosecuted in the name of the State; and all bonds uted to the Governor of the Territory, or to any other officer or court is or their official capacity, or to any official board for the benefit of Territory of Utah, or the people thereof, shall pass to the Governor or r officer, court or board, and his or their successors in office, for the therein, respectively expressed, and may be sued on, and recovery had -rdingly. Assessed taxes, and all revenue, property, real, personal or d. and all judgments, bonds, specialties, choses in action, claims and debts. hatsoever description; and all records and public archives of the Territory tah, shall issue and vest in the State of Utah, and may be sued for recovered, in the same manner, and to the same extent by the State

of Utah, as the same could have been by the Territory of Utah; and af fines, taxes, penalties and forfeitures, due or owing to any county, municipality or school district therein, at the time the State shall be admitted into the Union, are hereby respectively assigned and transferred, and the same sha be payable to the county, municipality or school district, as the case m be, and payment thereof be enforced under the laws of the State.

SEC. 6. All criminal prosecutions, and penal actions, which may hav arisen, or which may arise before the change from a Territorial to a Sta Government, and which shall then be pending, shall be prosecuted to judgment and execution in the name of the State, and in the court having jurisdic thereof. All offenses committed against the laws of the Territory of Uta before the change from a Territorial to a State Government, and which sh not have been prosecuted before such change, may be prosecuted in the m and by the authority of the State of Utah, with like effect as thoughTM sui change had not taken place, and all penalties incurred shall remain the s as if this Constitution had not been adopted.

SEC. 7. All actions, cases, proceedings and matters, pending in the preme and District Courts of the Territory of Utah, at the time the Su shall be admitted into the Union, and all files, records and indictments lating thereto, except as otherwise provided herein, shall be appropriately th ferred to the Supreme and District Courts of the State respectively; a thereafter all such actions, matters and cases, shall be proceeded with in the proper State courts. All actions, cases, proceedings and matters which sh be pending in the District Courts of the Territory of Utah, at the time ( the admission of the State into the Union, whereof the United States Cind or District Courts might have had jurisdiction had there been a State G ernment at the time of the commencement thereof respectively, shall be tru ferred to the proper United States Circuit and District Courts respectiv and all files, records, indictments and proceedings relating thereto, shall transferred to said United States Courts: Provided, That no civil actions other than causes and proceedings of which the said United States Cour shall have exclusive jurisdiction, shall be transferred to either of said Unt States Courts except upon motion or petition by one of the parties ther made under and in accordance with the act or acts of the Congress of United States, and such motion and petition not being made, all such c shall be proceeded with in the proper State Courts.

SEC. 8. Upon a change from Territorial to State Government, the in use by the Supreme Court of the Territory of Utah, until otherwise p vided by law, shall pass to and become the Seal of the Supreme Cour the State, and the several District Courts of the State may adopt seals it their respective courts, until otherwise provided by law.

SEC. 9. When the State is admitted into the Union, and the Distre Courts in the respective districts are organized, the books, records, papers proceedings of the probate court in each county, and all causes and matt of administration pending therein, upon the expiration of the term of of of the Probate Judge, on the second Monday in January, 1896, shall s into the jurisdiction and possession of the District Court, which shall proof to final judgment or decree, order or other determination in the several ters and causes, as the Territorial Probate Court might have done, if th Constitution had not been adopted. And until the expiration of the term « office of the Probate Judges, such Probate Judges shall perform the dut“ now imposed upon them by the laws of the Territory. The District Co shall have appellate and revisory jurisdiction over the decisions of the Probe Courts as now provided by law, until such latter courts expire by lin tion.

SEC. 10. All officers, civil and military, now holding their offices appointments in this Territory by authority of law, shall continue to hold a exercise their respective offices and appointments, until superseded under the Constitution: Provided. That the provisions of this section shall be subject t the pravisions of the Act of Congress, providing for the admission of the Stat of Utah, approved by the President of the United States on July 16th, 1894.