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leadings, the Lord's way would to many of us | the older states, and from Europe, is antagonisbe a plainer path than we find it. Great is the tic to the system of slavery. One of the memadvantage of faithful obedience; it sweetens bers of the House of Representatives of that every cup, and speaks peace to the soul. Unmixed sincerity towards God is an excellent sweetener of all the cups we drink of from the fountain of Marah; but when the secret consciousness of want of true resignation and humble following on, preys upon the mind, such cannot fly with boldness to the altars of God, where even the swallows have a place allotted.-S. Fothergill.

FRIENDS' INTELLIGENCER.
PHILADELPHIA, FOURTH MONTH 11, 1857.

A series of Essays, entitled "Glimpses of Affairs in America," from the pen of William Chambers, has recently appeared in Chambers' Journal. They relate principally to American slavery, and exhibit the steady advance which this gigantic evil has made since the adoption of the American Constitution.

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state, takes the ground that the census of 1856
is the act of gradual emancipation in Missouri.
In nearly one-fourth of the counties of that state,
slavery has decreased within the last five years,
while the increased white population has been cor-
In the ten counties along
respondingly large.
the Iowa line, there has been an increase in the
last five years of 31,691 whites, while the in-
crease of slaves is only 238, or 132 whites to
every slave, while the proportion of inhabitants.
in the other counties exhibits eighty-one white
to one slave.

Facts like these have a significance which will be extensively felt; and while we should not lose sight of the moral aspect of the system, it is very important that any thing which has a direct bearing upon slavery as a political question should be carefully collected and widely disseminated.

MARRIED,-On 5th day the 2nd inst. in accordance with the order of the religious Society of Friends at the house of David C. Ogden, near Swedesborough, ter of David C. Ogden of Woolwich township, GlouN. J., ISAAC P. EYRE of Philadelphia, to SIBYL, daughcester County, N. J.

in Piles Grove, Salem Co., N. J., ALANTIC DEAN, Wife of Benjamin Dean and daughter of Samuel and Hannah Moore, in the 28th year of her age.

DIED,-On the 22nd of 1st mo., 1857, at her residence

On the 31st of 3d month last, suddenly of congestion of the lungs, in the 69th year of his age, GOOLD BROWN, of Lynn, Mass., author of the celebrated English Grammar.

The question is treated in a liberal spirit, and while it exhibits the blindness of some of our political writers, contains facts and suggestions with which every one should be acquainted, and we have marked some extracts which will be found in our columns. In its various aspects the subject of slavery must continue to occupy the attention not only of the American people, but of every civilized nation, and we would fain hope that Christian philanthropists every where might meet, not in bitterness and acrimony of feeling, but in the spirit of Christian kindness, and be able to devise some means whereby the spread of this blighting institution might be checked, and measures taken for the emancipation of nearly three and half millions of human beings, now held in bondage in republican America. While there are many, both north and south, who are endeavoring to sustain the policy of the institution, and are even adducing Scripture authority in its support, there are thousands even in the slave states, who are impressed with its accumulated evils, and who are using their influence in changing public sentiment, and opening the eyes of slaveholders to the iniquity and impolicy of continuing this demoralizing system. The recent debate in the Missouri Legislature is In taking a retrospective view of her life towards one of the evidences of progress in this direc-its close, she feared there had been some omissions of duty, yet these being more from distrust of her own tion. It is ascertained that the emigration for abilities, than selfish disobedience, she experienced

At her residence in New York City on the 26th of 3rd mo., 1857, MARIA FARRINGTON, aged 71 years. Although, she was heard to remark that she desired nothing more to be said of her, after the close, than "she is gone," we yet feel constrained to bear with which she bore a protracted and suffering illness, testimony to the meekness, patience and resignation believing it to be the result and reward of a well spent life, some allusions to which, we feel it right to

make.

While young in years she became desirous of serving

her Divine Master, that she might live and die the death of the righteous. Loving retirement and waiting upon the Lord in spirit, she was qualified to fill, with propriety and usefulness, various important stations in our society, being concerned to bear up its testimonies in her life and conversation.

the service of Truth, to whom she was a true helpShe often travelled as companion to ministers in meet and armour-bearer. When at home, she frequently visited the sick and afflicted, administering to their wants both spiritually and temporally.

the forgiveness of her Lord and Master, and was avored with the sweet incomes of His love, and often spoke of His goodness and loving kindness to her soul; frequently supplicating that she might be endued with patience to the end of her sufferings, repeatedly saying, "I long to be released," and desire to drink of the wine with my Heavenly Father in His kingdom, and partake of the pure waters flowing from under the threshold of his house, also repeating, "Why is his etariot so long coming," I believe a mansion of rest is prepared for me. Yet I want to wait the Master's time, he does all things for the best.

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The average mean temperature of the Third month of the present year reached above onethird of a degree above the average of many years, and about six degrees above that of last year. The highest mean temperature of the month (1857) occurred on the 18th, 65 degrees, and the lowest on the 3rd, 10 degrees.

Many complaints are made about the springs and streams in various sections of the country being very low for the time of the year. About eight inches of rain fell during the first three months of 1856; same month, last year, 6.15 inches.

DEATHS during four weeks of Third mo. 1856 843

66

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Philad., Fourth mo. 1857.

For Friends' Intelligencer.

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of their friends in other boats accompanied them, though the soldiers threatened to sink them, if they would not begone. The commander of the soldiers called upon the seamen to assist, but few of them regarded the summons. Then the soldiers laid hold of the prisoners, dragging some, kicking and punching others, heaving many by the legs and arms, and in this manner got them all on board in about half an hour's time, being thirty-seven men and eighteen women. On board, the men were all thronged together, between decks, where they could not stand upright. The master of the and cast into prison, the ship was detained ship, being in the mean time arrested for debt, so long on the river that it was about seven months before they had reached the Land's end; and in the intermediate time, the pestilence breaking out in the ship, carried off twenty-seven of the prisoners. At last, another master being procured, on the 23d of Second month the vessel sailed for Plymouth, and was the next day taken by a Dutch privateer, and carried to Hoorn in North Holland.

When the commissioners of Admiralty there understood that they would not be exchanged as prisoners of war, they set them at liberty, and gave them a passport and certificate, "that they had not made their escape, but were sent back by them." From Hoorn, they made their way to Amsterdam, where they met with a kind reception from their friends, who provided them with lodging and clothes, their own having been taken from them by the privateer's

crew.

From hence, they all returned to England except one, who being a foreigner, staid in Holland. By these means, the exiles were delivered,

SUFFERINGS OF FRIENDS UNDER THE CONVEN- and the designs of the persecutors were frus

TICLE ACT.

[Continued from page 43.]

At length they found a man for their purpose named Fudge, who agreed to carry the prisoners to Jamaica, and in pursuance thereof, fifty-five were taken out of Newgate, put into a barge, and carried down the river to his ship lying a little below Greenwich. When they came to the ship's side, the master being absent, the seamen refused to assist in forcing them on board, and the prisoners were unwilling to be active in their own transportation. The turnkey and officers used high words to the seamen, insisting that the prisoners were the King's goods, and that they ought to assist in taking them aboard; but the mariners were inflexible and would not move a finger in the work. At length, with much difficulty, they got only four on board, and being weary, returned with the rest to Newgate, where they lay about two weeks, and then were again carried to the harge. Soldiers were sent from the tower in boats, to assist in putting them aboard. Several

trated by the ordering hand of Divine providence. In the same week that these forty-five persons were put on ship board, the bills of mortality in London amounted to upwards of three thousand, and in the next week to four thousand and thirty, and went on increasing, till in the Ninth month, they increased to upwards of seven thousand in the week. Persecutions, notwithstanding this, were continued, and the meetings were disturbed, as before. As this destructive pestilence was esteemed to be a sore and heavy judgment on a wicked, profane, and persecuting generation, who had long sported themselves in oppressing the innocent; so it might be reckoned a merciful visitation to the faithful and conscientious prisoners, in releasing them from a life worse than death in the filthy holes of Newgate. For a contagion, which spread through all the city with unabated violence, must naturally be supposed to affect the jails with an additional baneful effect. In the aforementioned prison, no less than fifty-two of the people called Quakers laid down their lives in

testimony of a good conscience, twenty-two of whom lay there under sentence of transportation, But what must fix an indelible stamp on the character of those persecuting magistrates, to the disgrace of the government and of the church to which they were so zealous to force conformity, was, that during the very heighth of the contagion, they continued to crowd the infected prisons with such prisoners. On the 9th of the eighth month, Sir John Robinson, lieutenant of the town, sent a body of soldiers to break up the meeting at the Peel, who entered it in the accustomed hostile manner, crying to the assembly, they were all their prisoners.' John Eldridge asking by what authority they came, was answered by a blow on the head with a musket; and another asking the same question, was knocked down. The soldiers carried away thirty-two of them to Newgate, without paying any regard to the perilous situation of that prison, as there was at the time of their imprisonment no human probability of their all coming out alive; nor did they; some of the prisoners being carried off by the contagion.

In the same month, eighteen others were committed to Westminster, four of whom died there of the contagion. But now having prosecuted their vindictive measures to imprisonment little short of murder, the pestilence continuing to cut off multitudes of the citizens, the poorer people grew discontented.

come to be accounted madness, (as many have been persuaded to regard it,) and we shall have lost one of the bulwarks of civil freedom! There is no saying to what length intolerance, goaded by a too great license in some in religious matters, and encouraged by the support of arbitrary and oppressive ministers of State, might hereafter again proceed; were we not careful still to maintain our protest, still to keep before the eyes of our countrymen the evidences of the possibility of subduing, by a firm, though passive resistance, with faith in God, the Judge of all the earth, its utmost violence.

Let none judge us in these matters without full inquiry, nor account us uncharitable for striving to advance and perpetuate that best safeguard of all right practice (and of Christian charity too), a full and entire liberty of conscience.

GLIMPSES OF AFFAIRS IN AMERICA.

BY W. CHAMBERS.

The generally blighting influence of slavery is clearly a main cause of its extension. To exist at all, it must push into new regions, everywhere exhausting lands, extinguishing freedom, and dishonoring independent rural industry. Pursued by a fearful Nemesis, the slave-power still seeks for more and more scope for its devastating encroachments. An amount of labor The melancholy state of the city damped the far beyond the bounds of internal supply is in fury of persecution for the present, and the demand. If the great west is to be added piececalamity of the plague was succeeded the next meal to the slave states of the Union, the breedyear by a most destructive and extensive confla- ing pens of Virginia will fail to furnish stock, gration. These extraordinary symptoms of except at exorbitant prices. Nothing, accordDivine displeasure discouraged the magistrates ingly, remains but a legalised revival of the from prosecuting the dissenters, so that the peo-slave-traffic from the coast of Africa, or the legal ple called Quakers in the city of London had a respite of some years, wherein they were suffered to hold their meetings with less disturbance.

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A writer in the Yorkshireman, published in England, in commenting upon these iniquitous proceedings, thus speaks of the Quakers. Their conduct, he says, was altogether peaceable. It was firm and patient, and strictly loyal. For when they might have absconded, and have had a chance of personal safety, they chose to report what had happened, to the king and council, and this only to incur from those who had plainly no sense of generosity or compassion in them, a further and longer imprisonment.

Of what use now, some will say, to revive the memory of these cruelties? Reader! the same hierarchy is still over us;-the same ecclesiastical establishment, supported in the same way of legal exaction, still subsists.

Let the history of this people be once lost, let all mention of the sufferings they have endured, once cease, let their testimony in God's behalf, and their loyalty to the king in bearing it, once

The

extension of slavery to the poorer classes of the
white population. We have seen what is said
of the latter expedient; and a desire to supply
the labor-market by the former odious means is
likewise expressed in no reserved terms.
New Orleans Delta says, on a late occasion, 'we
not only desire to make territories, now free,
slave territories, and to acquire new territory
into which to extend slavery-such as Cuba,
North-eastern Mexico, &c.,-but we would re-
open the African slave-trade, that every white
man might have a chance to make himself owner
of one or more negroes, and go with them and
their household gods wherever opportunity
beckoned to enterprise. But the north would
never consent to this; they would dissolve the
Union rather than grant it, say the croaking
impracticables. Gentlemen, you do not know
the north, oracular as you look when dubiously
shaking your heads. It would not oppose any
more bitterly a large demand like this, boldly
made, than the smallest one, faintly and politely
urged. Try it. There is nothing to lose by
the experiment. At all events, if the attempt.

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to reopen this trade should fail, it would give one more proof of how injurious our connection with the north has become to us, and would indicate one more signal advantage which a southern confederacy would have over the present heterogeneous association called the Union.' How the north has deserved that cut! The advantages of a revived African slave-trade were argumentatively pointed out by the Charleston Standard so recently as last October. From first to last, there has been a constant want of labor. Three millions of our people have perhaps as many slaves as they naturally require; but there are three millions more who are unsupplied. They would take slaves if they could get them; but they are not to be had at prices which will enable them to be used in competition with the free labor of the world. All we have are wanted for agriculture, and even these are not enough. While all are employed, and employed most profitably, lands all over the country are parched and unprofitable for the want of labor, and millions more could have been absorbed. The labor of those brought one year, would have paid for those to be brought the next; as employments opened, white men of enterprise would have come in more abundance than they have done; the stream of labor from Africa would have met a stream of enterprise from Europe; both would have poured in together; the population of the southern states would have been more dense; that of the northern states would have been more sparse; Georgia would have been to New York as N. York is now to Georgia; other states from Texas and New Mexico would have been brought in; and thus, if the slave states had held on to the sources of their real power, the south would have been the Union...... There is now buried under every acre of land in South Carolina at least fifty dollars in gold; and the day that the savage African is landed on our shores to cultivate it, that gold will glitter on its surface.'

It will not be imagined that these wild opinions meet with universal response in the south, where, indeed, many planters above the ordinary standard are conscious of the evils of slavery, and would gladly listen to any reasonable plan for relieving themselves of their colored dependents. Least of all do such notions meet with approval in the north. But it is not less certain that, from causes not far to seek, a new tone of sentiment has begun to prevail among the general daveholding interest. What was long lamented and reluctantly endured, is now resolutely maintained, and arguments are found to vindicate its indefinite extension. A social condition in which slavery is a necessary ingredient, is ardently defended by the most able writers of the day. Clergymen of reputation pronounce a glowing eulogium on the institution. According to a report in a New Orleans paper, one of these clerical

orators, the Rev. C. R. Marshall, in a speech on education, described slavery as contributing to the glory in arts and sciences, in religion, and national prosperity, in all countries wherein it has ever existed... he believed slavery to be right, and that within fifty years, instead of decreasing, it would be double in extent to what it now is.' Secretly disliked as such opinions may possibly be, they meet with little open challenge, either north or south; and looking only to practical results, it is observed the extreme party which denounces free labor, and ostentatiously aims at slavery extension, has, with a marvellous degree of general accord, assumed the entire control of public affairs. By a distinctly marked movement over a period of nearly sixty years-a movement seen better, perhaps, at a distance than near at hand-the grand old spirit of 76, which rolled back the power of England, has obsequiously quailed before the menaces of a body of partisans insignificant in point of numbers, but unscrupulous in the means by which they uphold their remarkable supremacy.-Chambers' Journal.

DO WE EVER FORGET?

The extent and tenacity of memory, says the Christian Register, as sometimes illustrated, are such as to almost exceed belief. It would seem probable that we never forget anything. What vivid flashes memory sends into the long gone past! Who is not startled at the suddenness with which events of former years rise upon the mind, recalled by no links of association which he can trace? The effort to recollect seems to imply that all the transactions of life are registered within, and need but be looked for to be found.

Coleridge relates a remarkable instance of impressions retained thus for years, and finally brought out by sickness :

"In a Catholic town in Germany, a young woman of four or five and twenty, who can neither read nor write, was seized with a nervous fever, during which she continued incessantly talking Latin, Greek, and Hebrew, in very pompous tones, and with most distinct enunciation. The case attracted the attention of a young physician, and by his statements many eminent physiologists and psychologists visited the town, and examined the case on the spot. Sheets full of her ravings were taken down from her own mouth, and were found to consist of sentences coherent and intelligible each for itself, but with little or no connection with each other. All trick or conspiracy was out of the question. Not only had the young woman ever been a harmless, simple creature, but she was evidently laboring under a nervous fever. In the town in which she had been resident for many years, as a servant in different families, no solution presented itself. The young physician, however, determined to

trace her past life step by step; for the patient herself was incapable of returning a rational answer. He at length succeeded in discovering where her parents had lived; travelled thither; found they were dead, but an uncle was surviving, and from him he learned that the patient had been charitably taken in by an old Protestant pastor, at nine years old, and had remained with him some years, till the old man's death. With great difficulty he discovered a niece of the pastor, of whom anxious inquiries were made concerning his habits, and the solution of the phenomena was soon obtained. It appeared that it had been the old man's custom for years to walk up and down a passage of his house into which the kitchen door opened, and to read to himself, with a loud voice, out of his favorite books. A considerable number of these were still in the niece's possession, and the physician succeeded in identifying so many passages with those taken down at the young woman's bedside, that no doubt could remain in any rational mind concerning the true origin of the impressions made on her nervous system.

This authenticated case furnishes both proof and instance that relics of sensation may exist for an indefinite time in a latent state, in the very same order in which they were originally impressed; and as we cannot rationally suppose the feverish state of the brain to act in any other way than as a stimulus, (and it would not be difficult to adduce several cases of the same kind,) it contributes to make it even probable that all thoughts are in themselves imperishable, and that if the intelligent faculty should be rendered more comprehensive, it would require only a different and apportioned organization-the body celestial instead of the body terrestrial-to bring before every human soul the collective experience of its whole past existence. And this-this, perchance, is the dread book of judgement, in whose mysterious hieroglyphics every idle word is recorded! Yea, in the very nature of the living spirit, it may be more possible that heaven and earth should pass away than that a single act, a single thought, should be loosened or lost.

How fearful is this constitution of the human mind, and with what foreboding does it cause us to look forward to that quickening of the spirit which shall take place when the soul departs from the body!"

OBEDIENCE, DILIGENCE, TRUTH.

It is said that when the mother of Washington was asked how she had formed the character of her son, she replied that she had early endeavoured to teach him three things:-obedience, diligence and truth. No better advice can be given by any parent.

Teach your children to obey. Let it be the first lesson. You can hardly begin too soon. It requires constant care to keep up the habit

of obedience, and especially to do it in such a way as not to break down the strength of the child's character.

Teach your children to be diligent. The habit of being always employed is a great safeguard through life, as well as essential to the culture of almost every virtue. Nothing can be more foolish than an idea which parents have, that it is not respectable to set their children to work. Playing is a good thing, innocent recreation is an employment, and a child may learn to be diligent in that as in other things; but let them learn to be useful. As to truth, it is the one essential thing. Let everything else be sacrificed rather than that. Without it, what dependance can you place on your child? And be sure to do nothing yourself to give the lie to your own precepts.

Learning is not wisdom: we may master all the lore of antiquity, be conversant with all the writings, the sayings and the actions of the mighty dead-we may fathom science, read the heavens, understand their laws and their revolutions, dive into mysteries of matter, and explain the phenomena of earth and air; yet if we are not able to weigh our own actions and requirements with the action of others in the balance of even-handed, impartial justice, and repine not at the verdict; if we have not yet obtained the perfect knowledge and government of ourselves, and strictly and faithfully maintained the secret spring of mind, the fountain of our opinions and motives of our action, if we have not yet learned that "love is the fulfilling of the law"we are not wise-we are as yet only on the threshold of knowledge.-The Home.

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KEEP GOOD COMPANY, OR NONE. Never be idle. If your hands cannot be usefully employed, attend to the cultivation of the mind. Always speak the truth. Make few promises. Live up to your engagements. Keep your own secrets, if you have any. When you speak to a person look him in the face. Good company and good conversation are the very sinews of virtue. Good character is above all things, else you cannot be essentially injured, except by your own acts. If any one speaks evil of you, let your life be such, that no one will believe him. Drink no intoxicating liquor. Ever live (misfortunes excepted) within your income. When you retire at night, think over what you have been doing during the day. Make no haste to be rich, if you would prosper. Small and steady gains give com

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