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quakes included. He takes a single pair of rats, and proves satisfactorily that in three years, if undisturbed, they will have thirteen litters of eight each at a birth, and that the young will begin littering again when six months old: by this calculation he increases the original pair at the end of three years to six hundred and fiftysix thousand eight hundred and eight. Calculating that ten rats eat as much in one day as a man, which we think is rather under than over the fact, the consumption of these rats would be equal "to that of sixty-four thousand six hundred and eight men the year round, and leave eight rats in the year to spare." Now, if a couple of rats could occasion such devastation in three years after the original pair marched out of the ark, how comes it that the descendants of the myriads which ages ago co-existed among us have not eaten up the earth and the fulness thereof? Uncle James conveniently forgets that animals do not multiply according to arithmetical progression, but simply in proportion to the food provided for them. He must not, however, be expected to be wiser than Malthus on the subject of animal reproduction, and he has the additional incentive to error, that he evidently paints up his horrors for an artful purpose. There can be no sort of doubt that he has several well-bred terriers to dispose of, and hence the following panacea for all the evils which afflict society.

exceedingly anxious to impress the public with second to any great destructive principle, earththe belief that the best mode of getting rid of the rat is to hunt him with terriers, states that a dairy-farmer in Limerick poisoned his calves and pigs by giving them the skim-milk at which rats had drunk when under the pangs produced by arsenic. One mode of clearing them out of a house is either to singe the hair of a devoted rat, or else to dip his hind-quarters into tar, and then turn him loose, when the whole community will take their leave for a while; but this is only a temporary expedient, and in the interim the offenders are left to multiply, and perchance transfer their ravages to another part of the domain where they are equally mischievous. The same objection applies to the remedy of pounding the common dog's-tongue, when gathered in full sap, and laying it in their haunts. They retire only to return. The Germans turn the rat himself into a police-officer to warn off his burglarious brethren. Dr. Shaw, in his General Zoology, states that a gentleman who travelled through Mecklenburg about thirty years ago saw one at a post-house with a bell about its neck, which the landlord assured him had frightened away the whole of the "whiskered vermin" which previously had infested the place. Mr. Neele says that at Bangkok, the Siamese capital, the people are in the habit of keeping tame rats, which walk about the room, and crawl up the legs of the inmates, who pet them as they would a dog. They are caught young, and, attaining a monstrous size by good feeding, take the place of our cats, "A dog, to be of sound service, ought to be and entirely free the house of their own kind. of six to thirteen pounds weight; over that they But the most effectual and in the end the become too unwieldy. I would also recommend cheapest remedy is an expert rat-catcher. Cun- above all others the London rat-killing terrier: ning as an experienced old rat becomes, he is he is as hard as steel, courageous as a lion, and invaribly checkmated when man fairly tries a as handsome as a racehorse! [Uncle James is a game of skill with him. The well-trained pro- Londoner of course.] Let the farmers in each fessor of the art, who by long habit has grown parish meet and pass resolutions calling upon familiar with his adversary's haunts and tactics, their representatives in parliament to take the his hopes and fears, his partialities and antipa- tax off rat-killing dogs. Let them devise plans thies, will clear out a house or a farmyard, where for procuring some well-bred terriers and ferrets, a novice would merely catch a few unwary ad- and spread the young ones about among their venturers and put the rest upon their guard. men. Let there be a reward offered of so much The majority of the world have, happily for per head for dead rats, and let there be one themselves, a better office, and the regular practi- person in each parish appointed to pay for the tioner might justly address the amateur in much same. Rats are valuable for manure; let there the same words that the musician employed to Frederick the Great, when the royal flute player was expecting to be complimented on his performance: "It would be a discredit to your Majesty to play as well as I."

"Uncle James," however, is of a different opinion. This author considers that every man should be his own rat-catcher, which he evidently believes to be the most improving, dignified, and fascinating calling under the sun, as he considers rats themselves to be the crying evil of the day, second only in his estimation to the grand injustice of the old corn-law. Indeed we cannot see from his own premises how the evil can be

be a pit in each locality, and let this mau stick up an announcement every week, in some conspicuous place, as to the number of rats killed, and by whom. Then, what will be the result? Why, a spirit of emulation will rise up among the villagers, and they will be ransacking every hole and corner for rats. Thus will a tone of cheerful enterprise, activity, and pleasantry come in among them, with a fund of conversation ;' and instead of that crawling, dogged monotony which characterizes their general gait and manner, they will meet their employers and go to their labor with joyous steps and smiling countenances."

us relished the plan, but none had the courage to say so; so we unwillingly gave up our baskets, and were sent off-not so far, however, as not to see the baskets unloaded and hear all the great girls said. Pies, tarts, cookies and cakes came forth in plenty. "Oh, oh," we cried in the distance, "how good, how tempting!" Who brought this?" and "Who brought that?" And of course every child who had anything particularly nice, was quite ready to say whom it belonged to. By and by a little basket was opened, and a brown towel full of cookies dropped out. My heart beat.

The coming man, so long expected, is it seems the rat-catcher. Here is manure multiplied, agriculture improved, food husbanded, a smiling, enlightened, and conversible peasantry-and all the result of rat-catching. But a difficulty has been over-looked. When the entire population is converted into rat-catchers, rats must shortly, like the dodo, be extinct. For a while we shall become an exporting country, but this resource must fail us at last, and England's glory will expire with its rats. Then once more we shall have a sullen, silent, discontented peasantry; "their fund of conversation" will be exhausted, or at best the villagers will be reduced to talk with "A brown towel!" cried one of the large a sigh of the golden age, never to be renewed, girls. "How vulgar! I couldn't eat a cooky when the country enjoyed the unspeakable bless-out of a brown towel. Hadn't her mother a nice ing of rat-catching. In short, we fear that Uncle napkin, I should like to know?" brown James has been so exclusively devoted to the towel !" echoed the other, throwing it down on science of rat-catching, that he has neglected to the grass as if it had been a spider. "Whose cultivate the inferior art of reasoning; but, inter- is it?" eagerly asked the little girls looking on. ested as we suspect it to be, we join in his com- Trembling and mortified, I drew my sun-bonnet mendation of the virtues of the terrier. The ex- over my face, and turned away; for it was mine. pedition with which a clever dog will put his " You are the brown towel," said Fanny Haven, victims out of their misery is such that a terrier twitching me by the sleeve "I don't believe but not four pounds in weight has killed four hundred you are.' "Never mind if she is," said Hatty rats within two hours. By this we may estimate | Stone, taking my hand; "they'll be glad enough the destruction dealt to the race by that nimble of a brown towel some time.' But my enjoyanimal," hard as steel, courageous as a lion, and ment was gone. To be laughed at by the great handsome as a race-horse." A custom has girls, and perhaps to be nicknamed "brown sprung up within the last twenty years of watch- towel." All lunch-time I was frightened, and ing these dogs worry rats in a pit, and there are ashamed lest they should speak of it again. How private arenas of the kind where our fair country- I wished I was at home. And how anxiously I women, leaning over the cushioned circle, will watched a chance to seize my poor towel, and witness with admiration the cleverest of their cram it into the basket. husbands' or brothers' terriers. "Uncle James" might commend their taste, and think the sport calculated to furnish them with "a fund of conversation, and a spirit of cheerful enterprise and pleasantry;" but except the fact had proved it to be otherwise, we should have supposed that there was not an educated man in Great Britain who would not have been shocked at this novel propensity of English ladies.

For the Children.

THE BROWN TOWEL. We had a holiday, and a party of the girls were going to Pine Grove to spend the day, carrying a lunch to eat under the trees. The day was fine; and after the sun had dried up the dew, about a dozen little girls might have been seen streaming down the south road with baskets on their arms, chatting as merrily as swallows on a barn roof. Reaching the grove, we played and skipped about like squirrels until dinnertime, when we were hungry enough; and each was anxious to know what each had stowed away in her little basket.

Two or three of the oldest proposed making a table of a flat rock, and to take upon themselves the business of spreading it, while we the smaller girls, they said, might go and play. None of

In the afternoon we went down to the river, and finding a pebbly strip of beach, some of the girls pulled off their shoes and stockings and waded into the water. When they came out, all dripping, their delicate little kerchiefs and nice napkins did not answer at all to wipe with. What should they do? "O, where's the brown towel?" cried one. "Yes, yes; I speak for the brown towel," cried half a dozen voices at the highest pitch, and all hands were stretched towards Hatty Stone, who was opening my basket to take it out. "Didn't I tell you so?" cried Hatty. Never was one towel in such demand. me," cried one of the large girls, "how soon the foolish little napkins are used up there is some substance to this. It makes an impression."

"Dear

Poor little me, I was pleased enough. Nothing proved more truly serviceable in all our walk than my poor despised towel. Besides water, it took off mud and pitch also. Without its help some of the party would have cut sorry figures going home.

I have not forgotten the lesson of the brown towel-never to be ashamed of things because people laugh at them. Brown hands-do not despise them; for they are the strong, toiling, busy hands which support the world. Give me the look of a good brown, honest face, not afraid

to weather the storms of life. It is the substantial, homespun qualities of character, which make character worth anything. Do not despise, or be ashamed of them.-The Child's Paper.

Professor Morse, of telegraphic celebrity, writing from on board the steamship Niagara, with reference to the failure of the Atlantic telegraph cable, says: "Our accident will delay the enterprise, but will not defeat it; I consider it a settled fact, from all I have seen, that it is perfectly practicable; it will surely be accomplished. There is no insurmountable difficulty that has for a moment appeared, none that has shaken my faith in it in the slightest degree. My report to the company as co-electrician shows everything right in that department; we got an electric current through till the moment of parting, so that electric connection was per'fect; and yet the farther we paid out, the feebler were the currents, indicating a difficulty, which,

however, I do not consider serious, while it is of a nature to require attentive investigation. The amount of cable when it was parted was three hundred and thirty-four nautical or three hundred and eighty-four geographical miles, and the depth of the ocean at that place was two thousand fathoms, ascertained by the Cyclops yesterday in sounding. This is as deep, within two or three hundred fathoms, as any part of the track we were pursuing to Newfoundland, and the length of submarine cable paid out is the longest as yet laid in the world."

PHILADELPHIA MARKETS.

FLOUR AND MEAL.-The Flour market is very

dull. Holders are offering standard brands at $5 62 a $587. Sales to retailers and bakers, for fresh ground at $5 a $6 per bbl. and fancy brands, from $61 up to $84. Rye Flour is now selling at $4 37 per bbl.,

and Corn Meal is held at $4 per barrel,

GRAIN. The receipts of Wheat have fallen off, and prices have again slightly advanced. Good red is held at $1 32 a $1 35, and $1 40 a $1 45 for good white; only a few samples were offered. Rye is held at 75 cts. Corn is scarce, with small sales of yellow at 80 c. Oats are in fair supply. New Delaware are selling at 34 a 35 cents, and Penna. at 37 a 38 cents per bushel.

OARDING SCHOOL FOR GIRLS, near the Chelton Hills Station, on the North Pennsylvania Rail

BOAR

road.

Gayner Heacock will open a school 12th mo. 7th, and continue 16 weeks, where the usual branches of an English education will be taught, and every attention paid to the health and comfort of the children. Terms $40. No extra charges. Books furnished at the usual prices.

Address

JOSEPH HEACOCK,

Jenkintown P. O., Montgomery Co., Penna. 9 mo. 26-8 t.

REEN LAWN SEMINARY is situated near Union-Ville, Chester County, Pa., nine miles south west of West Chester, and sixteen north west from Wilmington; daily stages to and from the latter, and tri-weekly from the former place. The winter

term will commence on the 24 of 11th mo. next, and continue twenty weeks. The course of instruction embraces all the usual branches, comprising a thorough English Education, Drawing included. Terms: $57, including Board, Washing, Tuition, use of Books, Pens, Ink and Lights. The French, Latin and Greek Languages taught at $5 each, extra, by experienced and competent teachers, one a native of New Hampshire, and a graduate of a popular College in that State, whose qualifications have gained her a place amongst the highest rank of teachers. The house is and comfort to thirty-five or forty pupils. large, and in every way calculated to secure health

For Circulars, address

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G MEN AND BOYS.-The next winter session of this School will commence on 2d day the 9th of 11th month, 1857, and continue Twenty weeks. Terms please make early application. For circulars giving $70 per session. Those desirous of entering will further information, address either of the undersigned. DANIEL FOULKE, Principal. HUGH FOULKE, Jr., Teacher. Spring House P. O. Montgomery County, Pa. 8 mo. 22, 1857-8 w.

WYNEDD BOARDING SCHOOL FOR YOUNG

RANKFORD SELECT SEMINARY.-This In

Fstitution, having been in successful operation for

the last twenty years, will now receive six or eight female pupils as boarders in the family. Age under thirteen years preferred.

Careful attention will be paid to health, morals, &c. and they will be required to attend Friends' Meeting on First days, accompanied by one of their teachers, also mid week meetings if desired by parents or guardians. Terms moderate.

LETITIA MURPHY Principal. SARAH C. WALKER Assistant. No. 158 Frankford St. Frankford, Pa. REFERENCES.

John Child, 510 Arch Street. Thomas T. Child, 452 N. 2d Street below Poplar. Julia Yerkes, 909 N. 4th Street above Poplar. Wm. C. Murphy, 43 S. 4th Street above Chestnut. Charles Murphy, 820 N. 12th Street below Parrish. Merrihew & Thompson, Prs.,Lodge St., North side Penna. Bank'

FRIENDS' INTELLIGENCER.

VOL. XIV.

PHILADELPHIA, TENTH MONTH 3, 1857.

EDITED BY AN ASSOCIATION OF FRIENDS.
PUBLISHED BY WM. W. MOORE,
No. 324 South Fifth Street,
PHILADELPHIA,

Every Seventh day at Two Dollars per annum, pay-
able in advance. Three copies sent to one address for

Five Dollars.

Communications must be addressed to the Publishe free of expense, to whom all payments are to be made.

EXTRACTS FROM THE LIFE OF MARY DUDLEY.

(Continued from page 435.)

The following letter was written in the year 1790, and so manifests the continuance of affectionate and Christian solicitude on behalf of her friends on the continent, that it appears calculated to prove an acceptable termination to the present chapter.

"My beloved friend, L. MAJOLIER;

No. 29.

on thy perseverance; not only thy own and precious companion's welfare, but that of the little flock, mercifully gathered by the everlasting Shepherd, under whose holy guidance I view thee delegated to lead them, designed in the forcible language of example to encourage them, 'to follow Christ.' Ah! my dear brother, how much is implied in being a follower of Christ, how deep ought the dwelling of such to be, in order that a full conformity may be wrought to His will, by a total renunciation of our own under every appearance. The work of thorough subjection is truly a great work, and it is to be expected, in the refining process, that deep sufferings and closely-proving conflicts should attend the exercised spirit. Ye shall indeed drink of my cup,' was the blessed Master's language, and be baptized with the baptism that I am baptized with; this is sealed in the experience of His "Were I to tell thee and thy dear wife, with tribulated servants; they measurably partake of my other valued friends at Congenies, that I the dispensations so largely filled up by him, have not ceased to love you, as often as the sen- when in the prepared body, and herein their sible renewings of Christian fellowship refresh union with Him is effected; but, blessed be His my mind, our converse in this way would be fre- name, there is a consoling declaration gone forth, quent; but though I may, through continued if we suffer, we shall also reign with Him. There gracious regard, be indulged with this symptom are seasons when such baptized sons and daughof having passed from death unto life, love to ters, know, even here, through the resurrection the brethren, I seem but seldom under qualifica- of life, something of this sort, when truth rising tion to help any of my fellow professors in their into dominion over all in their hearts, they are spiritual travail; being often brought very low, made as kings and priests unto God; and there not only in mind but in body; instructed by fre- is a season approaching, when, being unclothed quent chastisements of love, that I have no con- of these mortal bodies, such shall be clothed upon tinuing city here. You, my dear friends, know some of my many infirmities, and I often gratefully remember how affectionately you sympathized with me, and endeavored, by your friendly care, to alleviate such as I was tried with while among you; yea the remembrance of having been with you is pleasant, and there are seasons when I seem so to visit you in spirit, to feel with and for you, that I am as though personally among you, joying (if I may use the words of an apostle) and rejoicing, to behold the steadfastness of some among these hast thou, beloved Louis, refreshed my mind, in believing that the visitation of divine love has not been extended in vain; but, that in yielding obedience to the heavenly vision, thou hast known an advancement in the line of righteousness, and an increase in stability and peace. Go on, my endeared friend; the sense that often impressed my heart while with thee now revives, even that much depends

with immortality and eternal life. My heart has been unexpectedly filled to thee my dear friend, and I have given my pen liberty; if any thing can be gathered up from these broken hints, which may serve as an encouragement to thee in thy trying allotment, I shall be glad, for surely I would encourage thee; mayest thou put on strength in the Lord's name, and trusting therein find it a strong tower, yea, an impregnable fortress, where the enemy cannot hurt, though he may roar and greatly disquiet. Remember the language applied to the true church, and which belongs to every living member therein, ' He reproved kings for thy sake, saying, touch not mine anointed, and do my prophets no harm.' And now having relieved my mind a little towards one, I feel a renewed salutation to you, my endeared friends, who were collectively the objects of our visit; a visit to which love was the moving cause, and the consoling attendant

"6th mo. 23d, 1792. Thy sympathy in my present important prospect is truly consoling, and thy encouragement to follow apprehended duty is strengthening. Ah! my progress has indeed been slow, and my experience comparatively small; but how much has it cost my nature, yea, almost its destruction, to be in the degree I am, loosened from my precious domestic ties. When a gracious Master demands the sacrifice of obedience, what struggles do I renewedly feel to give up all; at this moment I am even ready to question whether that faith to which all things are possible will be victorious, or rather the small grain will so increase as to give the victory."

On the 1st of the 8th mo. she sailed from Waterford, being accompanied by her dear friends Elizabeth Pim and Edward Hatton, who both felt bound to the service.

of our minds while with you, and which I believe with awfulness and many fears, now presented we all now feel to be the cement of a union, not as the immediate requiring of her great Master, broken or impaired by external separation. In and early in the 6th mo. she laid before her the extension of this pure principle my mind is Monthly Meeting a concern to visit Friends in often drawn towards you, in fervent affectionate Dunkirk, Guernsey, and some parts of the north solicitude, that the good work mercifully begun of England and Scotland, having in prospect to may abundantly prosper, and He who has been hold meetings also with those not in profession the Alpha become the glorious Omega, perfecting with our Society. The trial which it was to her the new creation, and fulfilling His gracious pur- affectionate feelings, and the conflicts she enpose, by making you a people to his praise. It dured, when thus about to leave her husband is, dear friends, and many of you have seen it, a and children, are somewhat described in the folgradual work; it begins, as in the first of out-lowing extract from a letter, dated ward creation, with that heavenly command, 'Let there be light.' There are those among you who have intelligibly heard this in the secret of your souls, and, through illuminating grace, have clearly distinguished the way wherein you should walk now this light is to be attended to, according to what the apostle tells the believers, 'to which ye do well to take heed,' because it shines more and more unto the perfect day. While we simply follow it, we come under the description of walking in the day, and stumble not; but are by regular gradations introduced into the acceptable state of children of the Lord; taught of Him, and established in righteousness. It is, my beloved friends, this desirable state of establishment in the right way, that my spirit renewedly craves for you and for myself; that every visited mind among you may become redeemed; every called, a chosen disciple, by un- | reserved dedication of heart to the pure unerring leadings of the only sure guide. Wait, in the silence of all flesh; for the further unfoldings of the divine law; seek to know a taking root downward; and as you come to witness the sap of heavenly grace to nourish and strengthen the root, you will in due season be qualified to bring forth fruit to the Lord's praise, First the blade, then the ear, after that the full corn in the ear,' ripening under holy influence, and by the maturing rays of the Sun of righteousness prepared to be finally gathered into the garner. Oh! how my spirit longs for the safe advancement of the beloved youth among you. May the enriching showers of celestial rain descend to preserve and nourish them; and may the further advanced, those in the meridian and the decline of life, wait in humble resignation to know their spirits renewedly seasoned with the salt of the kingdom; that this may produce its salutary effects, enabling to minister grace, suitable example, and precept to the younger. Finally, beloved friends, farewell in the Lord! may Hebe sanctified in them who come nigh' Him, and the gracious purpose of His will be effected, by preparing for himself a glorious church, not having spot, or wrinkle, or any such thing. In the fresh feeling of undiminished love I am your cordial friend, MARY DUDley.

A service for which my dear mother had long been preparing, and which she contemplated

"We found that our dear friends Martha Routh and Christiana Hustler were daily expected from Dunkirk, and that a vessel was likely to sail for that place in the morning. We had before thought only of Calais, but R. B. recommending this, in preference, we changed our original intention, and set sail on 4th day morning the 12th, with a favorable breeze; but this soon slackened, so that we were above twelve hours on the sea, suffered much from sickness. The gates of the town being shut when we got into harbor, we were obliged to remain on board all night. On reaching the house of our kind friend William Rotch, next morning, we found it was their usual meeting day; but not feeling ourselves equal to sitting down profitably, so soon after a voyage, it was deferred to six in the evening, when we assembled, and though but a small number it felt a time of solemnity.

"On conferring together next morning, it seemed consonant to all our feelings to sit with the few families, and we began at that of our kind host, with whom, his wife and two daughters we were favored to feel spiritual refreshment.

"In proceeding with this engagement much exercise attended, and the truth of the Scripture assertion was sensibly enforced, ye have need of patience:' but I had afresh to consider that it is part of the laborer's business to break up the fallow ground, as well as to sow the seed; this

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